2020 HS7

Last updated

2020 HS7
Discovery [1] [2]
Discovered by Pan-STARRS 2
Discovery site Haleakala Obs.
Discovery date27 April 2020
Designations
2020 HS7
NEO  · Apollo [3] [1]
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 9 August 2022 (JD 2459800.5)
Uncertainty parameter 6
Observation arc 1 day
Aphelion 2.904 AU
Perihelion 0.793 AU
1.849
Eccentricity 0.5709
2.51 yr (918 days)
308.988°
0° 23m 31.807s / day
Inclination 4.732°
38.531°
245.692°
Physical characteristics
Dimensionsa/b = ≥1.04 [4]
Mean diameter
4–8  m [5]
2.9945±0.0002 s [4]
2.9938±0.0002 s [4]
29.10±0.36 [3]

    2020 HS7 is a very small asteroid classified as a near-Earth object of the Earth-crossing Apollo group. When it was discovered by the Pan-STARRS 2 survey on 27 April 2020, the asteroid was initially calculated to have a 10% chance of impact with Earth before being ruled out by improved orbit determinations from additional observations. [6] Although there is now no risk of impact with Earth, it did make a close approach 42,700 kilometres (26,500 mi) from Earth on 28 April 2020, with a flyby speed of 15.6 kilometres per second (9.7 mi/s) relative to Earth. [3] [7] [5] The asteroid will not make any close encounters within 1 lunar distance (380,000 km; 240,000 mi) of Earth in the next 100 years. [3]

    Contents

    Observations by Kiso Observatory in Nagano, Japan show that the asteroid rotates extremely rapidly with a rotation period of 3 seconds, making it the fastest-rotating asteroid known as of 2022. [4] No other near-Earth asteroid of similar size is known to have a rotation period shorter than 10 seconds, which could be attributed to the tangential component of the YORP effect accelerating their rotation far beyond this period. [4] The asteroid exhibits a very small light curve amplitude of 0.07 magnitudes, which either implies a nearly spherical shape or a pole-on rotation during observations. [4]

    See also

    Related Research Articles

    1998 KY26 is a nearly spherical sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object of the Apollo group. It measures approximately 30 meters (100 feet) in diameter and is a fast rotator, having a rotational period of only 10.7 minutes. It was first observed on 2 June 1998, by the Spacewatch survey at Kitt Peak National Observatory during 6 days during which it passed 800,000 kilometers (half a million miles) away from Earth (a little more than twice the Earth–Moon distance).

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2004 FH</span>

    2004 FH is a micro-asteroid and near-Earth object of the Aten group, approximately 30 meters in diameter, that passed just 43,000 km (27,000 mi) above the Earth's surface on 18 March 2004, at 22:08 UTC. It was the 11th closest approach to Earth recorded as of 21 November 2008. The asteroid was first observed on 16 March 2004, by astronomers of the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research at the Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site near Socorro, New Mexico.

    2008 HJ is a sub-kilometer asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Apollo group.

    <span class="nowrap">2010 TD<sub>54</sub></span>

    2010 TD54 is a tiny asteroid and fast rotator, classified as a near-Earth object of the Apollo group, approximately 5 meters in diameter. It was first observed by the Mount Lemmon Survey in October 2010, when the asteroid crossed through the Earth-moon system and had a close encounter with Earth.

    <span class="nowrap">2011 CQ<sub>1</sub></span> 2nd closest non-impacting Earth approach

    2011 CQ1 is a meteoroid discovered on 4 February 2011 by Richard A. Kowalski, at the Catalina Sky Survey. On the same day the meteoroid passed within 0.85 Earth radii (5,480 kilometers (3,410 mi)) of Earth's surface, and was perturbed from the Apollo class to the Aten class of near-Earth objects. With a relative velocity of only 9.7 km/s, had the asteroid passed less than 0.5 Earth radii from Earth's surface, it would have fallen as a brilliant fireball. The meteoroid is between 80 centimeters (31 in) and 2.6 meters (100 in) wide. The meteoroid was removed from the Sentry Risk Table on 5 February 2011.

    2012 KT42 is an Apollo near-Earth asteroid first observed by astronomer Alex R. Gibbs of the Mount Lemmon Survey with a 1.5-meter reflecting telescope on 28 May 2012.

    (471240) 2011 BT15, provisional designation 2011 BT15, is a stony, sub-kilometer sized asteroid and fast rotator, classified as a near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group. It had been one of the objects with the highest impact threat on the Palermo Technical Impact Hazard Scale.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 RC</span> Asteroid

    2014 RC is a sub-kilometer near-Earth object and Apollo asteroid. The exceptionally fast rotator passed within 0.000267 AU (39,900 km; 24,800 mi) (0.1 lunar distances) of Earth on 7 September 2014. The asteroid is approximately the diameter of the Chelyabinsk meteor, and passed almost as close to Earth as 367943 Duende (2012 DA14) did in 2013.

    <span class="nowrap">(85989) 1999 JD<sub>6</sub></span>

    (85989) 1999 JD6 is an Aten asteroid, near-Earth object, and potentially hazardous object in the inner Solar System that makes frequent close approaches to Earth and Venus. On the Earth approach in 2015, it was observed by the Goldstone Solar System Radar and found to be a contact binary with the largest axis approximately 2 kilometers wide, and each lobe about 200–300 meters large. Although 1999 JD6 in its current orbit never passes closer than 0.047 AU to Earth, it is listed as a potentially hazardous object because it is large and might pose a threat in the future.

    2001 AV43 is a very small, monolithic asteroid and fast rotator, classified as a near-Earth object of the Apollo group, approximately 30 meters (98 feet) in diameter. It was first observed on 5 January 2001, by astronomers of the LINEAR program at Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site near Socorro, New Mexico, in the United States. The presumed S-type asteroid has a rotation period of only 10 minutes. It has an exceptionally low MOID of 0.66 lunar distance (LD) and will approach Earth at 0.81 LD on 11 November 2029.

    2017 AG13 is a small Aten asteroid that made a close approach of 0.54 lunar distances from Earth on January 9, 2017. It was the largest asteroid to pass less than 1 lunar distance from Earth since 2016 QA2 on August 28, 2016. The Catalina Sky Survey observed it first on January 7, 2017, only two days before its closest approach. At its brightest, 2017 AG13 reached apparent magnitude 12.2. Shortly after, it moved too close to the Sun to be seen by telescopes.

    2017 TD6 is a micro-asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object of the Apollo group, approximately 10–20 meters in diameter. It was first observed by Pan-STARRS at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii, on 11 October 2017.

    <span class="nowrap">(505657) 2014 SR<sub>339</sub></span> Asteroid of the Apollo group

    (505657) 2014 SR339, provisional designation 2014 SR339, is a dark and elongated asteroid, classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group, approximately 970 meters (3,200 feet) in diameter. It was discovered on 30 September 2014, by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer telescope (WISE) in Earth's orbit. Closely observed at Goldstone and Arecibo in February 2018, it has a rotation period of 8.7 hours.

    <span class="nowrap">2018 BF<sub>3</sub></span>

    2018 BF3 is a micro-asteroid, classified as a near-Earth object of the Apollo group, approximately 20 meters (70 ft) in diameter. It was first observed on 20 January 2018, by astronomers of the Catalina Sky Survey at Mount Lemmon Observatory in Arizona, United States, the day after the closest flyby, due to its approach from the direction of the Sun.

    <span class="nowrap">(481394) 2006 SF<sub>6</sub></span>

    (481394) 2006 SF6 is a sub-kilometer near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Aten group, approximately 300 meters (1,000 feet) in diameter. It was discovered on 17 September 2006, by the Catalina Sky Survey at Catalina Station in Arizona. On 21 November 2019, it passed Earth at a distance of 11 lunar distances (0.0288 AU), which is the object's closest flyby for centuries. The stony A/S-type asteroid is highly elongated in shape and has a rotation period of 11.5 hours.

    2020 OY4 is a very small asteroid classified as a near-Earth object that passed within 21,850 miles (35,160 km) of the surface of Earth on July 28, 2020, with a fly-by speed of 12.4 kilometres (7.7 mi) per second. The car-sized asteroid posed no risk of impact to Earth, but it did pass within the orbit of satellites in the geostationary ring at 35,785 kilometres (22,236 mi) above Earth's equator.

    2020 CW is a tiny near-Earth asteroid of the Apollo group, approximately 1 meter (3 ft) in diameter. It was first observed by the Mount Lemmon Survey on 1 February 2020, when it passed Earth very closely at a nominal distance of only 0.041 lunar distances. The object's orbital elements remain highly uncertain.

    <span class="nowrap">2016 DV<sub>1</sub></span> Apollo near-Earth asteroid

    2016 DV1 is a near-Earth asteroid estimated to be roughly 29–65 meters (95–210 feet) in diameter. It is a fast rotating asteroid of the Apollo group which was first observed by the Mount Lemmon Survey on 28 February 2016, just days before it passed Earth at 1 lunar distance (LD) on 3 March 2016. The elongated fast rotator has a rotation period of 303 seconds. It was recovered in February 2021 as it was about to pass Earth on 3 March 2021 at a distance of 0.0053 AU (2.1 LD; 790,000 km; 490,000 mi).

    2020 UA is a tiny near-Earth asteroid around 5–12 metres (16–39 ft) across that passed within 46,100 km (28,600 mi) of Earth on 21 October 2020 at 02:00 UT.

    <span class="nowrap">2022 WM<sub>7</sub></span> Small near-Earth asteroid

    2022 WM7 is a small near-Earth asteroid that passed about 0.2 lunar distances (77,000 km; 48,000 mi) from Earth's center on 28 November 2022 at 02:24 UTC. It was discovered by the Pan-STARRS 1 survey telescope at Haleakalā Observatory, Hawaii on 26 November 2022.

    References

    1. 1 2 "2020 HS7". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
    2. "MPEC 2022-F48 : 2022 FD1". Minor Planet Electronic Circular. Minor Planet Center. 28 April 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2020 HS7)" (2022-04-28 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved 29 July 2020.
    4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Beniyama, Jin; et al. (2022). "Video observations of tiny near-Earth objects with Tomo-e Gozen". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 74 (4): 877–903. arXiv: 2207.07071 . doi:10.1093/pasj/psac043.
    5. 1 2 Bartels, Meghan (5 May 2020). "Tiny asteroid's super-close Earth flyby shows planetary protection in action, scientists say". Space.com .
    6. "ESA space situational awareness 2020HS7". European Space Agency . Retrieved 29 July 2020.
    7. Malik, Tariq (28 April 2020). "Small asteroid zips safely by Earth just ahead of a larger space rock's flyby". Space.com .