2020 in spaceflight

2020 in spaceflight

Highlights from spaceflight in 2020 [a]
Orbital launches
First	7 January
Last	29 December
Total	114
Successes	104
Failures	10
Partial failures	0
Catalogued	104
National firsts
Spaceflight	Sealand (first payload)
Satellite	Guatemala   Slovenia   Monaco
Suborbital launch	Netherlands
Rockets
Maiden flights	Ceres-1 Kuaizhou 11 LauncherOne Long March 5B Long March 7A Long March 8 Qased Rocket 3 Chang'e sample return ascent stage
Retirements	H-IIB Atlas V 411
Crewed flights
Orbital	4
Suborbital	0
Total travellers	12
EVAs	8
v t e

2020 in spaceflight

Timeline of spaceflight ←  2019 2021  →

This article documents notable spaceflight events during the year 2020.

Overview

Astronomy and astrophysics

The GECAM A and B satellites were launched on 9 December. They were built for research in electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational waves.

Exploration of the Solar System

Three missions to Mars were launched in 2020, including two rovers, two orbiters, and a lander. NASA has launched the Mars 2020 mission, which includes the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter, and will cache samples for eventual return to Earth. ^[1] The China National Space Administration (CNSA) has launched its Tianwen-1 mission, which includes an orbiter, a lander, a small rover and a group of deployable and remote cameras; ^[2] it is China's first mission to another planet using its own delivery vehicle. ^[1] Finally, the United Arab Emirates, in partnership with American universities, has launched the Hope Mars Mission orbiter on a Japanese rocket. ^[1]

In November, China launched Chang'e 5, the first sample-return mission to the Moon since Luna 24 in 1976. Chang'e 5 used the recently developed Long March 5 heavy-lift rocket. The mission performed the first-ever robotic lunar orbit rendezvous ^[3] and returned 1.7 kg (3.7 lb) of lunar soil and rock samples on 16 December. ^[4]

NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission landed on asteroid 101955 Bennu in October to obtain a surface sample for return to Earth. JAXA's Hayabusa2 mission returned samples of 162173 Ryugu to Earth on 5 December 2020, with its re-entry vehicle recovered in Woomera, Australia. ^[5]

Heliophysics

One solar mission was launched: ESA's Solar Orbiter, on 10 February 2020, intended to study the Sun's heliosphere. ^[6] Parker Solar Probe, launched in 2018, decreased its minimal distance to the Sun further to 14.2 million km. ^[7]

Earth sciences satellites

ESA's Sentinel-6 ocean topography measuring satellite was launched on 21 November.

The launch of the TARANIS satellite, planned to study transient events in the Earths atmosphere, failed on 17 November.

Human spaceflight

In the United States, SpaceX's Dragon 2 spacecraft made its first crewed flight to the International Space Station on 31 May 2020 as part of the Commercial Crew Program, ^[8] enabling American human orbital spaceflight capability for the first time since the Space Shuttle's retirement in 2011. Dragon 2 became the first commercial system to fly humans to Earth orbit. The second crewed Dragon mission and its first operational mission, Crew-1, launched on 15 November 2020. ^[9]

China conducted an uncrewed flight test of a next generation crewed spacecraft in May 2020, ^[10] and continues preparations for the 2021 launch of the Tianhe Core Cabin Module of the Chinese Space Station. ^[11]

NASA astronaut Christina Koch set a women's record-breaking 328 days spaceflight ending on 6 February 2020. Francisco Rubio holds the all-time American record with 370 days; Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov, still holding the record, had the all-time spaceflight length record of 437 days but died in 2022. Koch also participated in the first all-female spacewalk with Jessica Meir on 18 October 2019. ^[12]

Rocket innovation

SpaceX made three atmospheric test flights with prototypes of its fully reusable two-stage-to-orbit vehicle Starship. ^{[13] [14]}

The trend towards cost reduction in access continued and several rockets made their maiden flights in 2020. Despite the increasing competition the cost of delivering cargo to the ISS went up. ^[15]

Satellite innovation

SpaceX started operation of its Starlink constellation in late 2020. ^[16] As of 2 December 2020, 955 satellites have been launched and Starlink is in a public beta testing phase. OneWeb planned to start service in 2020 as well, ^[17] but filed for bankruptcy in March 2020 after 74 satellites were launched. ^[18] OneWeb emerged from bankruptcy and plans to restart launches in December 2020. ^[19]

The Mission Extension Vehicle MEV-1 became the first telerobotically-operated spacecraft to service another satellite on-orbit when it completed the first phase of a 5-year mission to extend the life of the Intelsat 901 (I-901) satellite. In February 2020, MEV-1 captured the communications satellite, which had been moved to graveyard orbit some months before. In April 2020, MEV-1 successfully brought Intelsat-901 it back to position in geosynchronous orbit where it is now expected to operate for another five years. This was a space industry first as satellite servicing had previously been accomplished only with on-orbit human assistance, during the missions to service the Hubble Space Telescope in the early 2000s. ^[20]

Orbital launches

← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →

Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
7 January 02:19:21 [21] [22]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L2 [23]	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		Starlink × 60	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
7 January 15:20:14 [24] [25]	Long March 3B/E		3B-Y62 [26]	Xichang LC-2		CASC
		TJSW-5	Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs	Geosynchronous	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
15 January 02:53 [27]	Long March 2D		2D-Y58	Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		Jilin-1 Kuanfu-01	Chang Guang Satellite Technology	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		ÑuSat 7 (Sophie)	Satellogic	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		ÑuSat 8 (Marie)	Satellogic	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	3 October 2023 [29]	Successful
		Tianqi-5 [31]	Guodian Gaoke	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
16 January 03:02 [32]	Kuaizhou 1A		Y9 [33]	Jiuquan LS-95A		ExPace
		Yinhe-1 / GS-SparkSat-03 / Galaxy-1 [35]	Galaxy Space	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
16 January 21:05 [36]	Ariane 5 ECA		VA251	Kourou ELA-3		Arianespace
		Eutelsat Konnect [38]	Eutelsat	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		GSAT-30	ISRO	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		GSAT-30 will replace INSAT-4A.
29 January 14:06:49 [39] [40]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L3	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		Starlink × 60	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
31 January 02:56 [41]	Electron		"Birds of a Feather"	Mahia LC-1A		Rocket Lab
		USA-294	NRO	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		NROL-151 Mission. First launch contracted via the NRO's Rapid Acquisition of a Small Rocket (RASR) program.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
6 February 21:42:41 [42] [43]	Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat		ST27 [44]	Baikonur Site 31/6		Arianespace / Starsem
		OneWeb × 34	OneWeb	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Second OneWeb mission. Baikonur flight 1.
9 February 01:34 [45]	H-IIA 202		F41 [46]	Tanegashima LA-Y1		MHI
		IGS-Optical 7	CSICE	Low Earth (SSO)	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
9 February 15:45 [47]	Simorgh			Semnan LP-2		ISA
		Zafar 1 [49]	IUST	Low Earth	Earth observation	9 February	Launch failure
		Satellite failed to reach orbit.
10 February 04:03 [50]	Atlas V 411		AV-087 [51]	Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		Solar Orbiter	ESA	Heliocentric	Heliophysics	In orbit	Operational
15 February 20:21:04 [52]	Antares 230+			MARS LP-0A		Northrop Grumman
		Cygnus NG-13 S.S. Robert H. Lawrence	NASA	Low Earth (ISS)	ISS logistics	29 May	Successful
		Red-Eye 2 (Merlot)	DARPA	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	16 November 2022 [54]	Successful
		Red-Eye 3 (Cabernet)	DARPA	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	16 November 2022 [56]	Successful
		⚀ DeMi	MIT	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	8 March 2022 [58]	Successful
		⚀ TechEdSat-10 (TES-10) [60]	NASA	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	15 March 2021	Successful
		Red-Eye 2, Red-Eye 3, DeMi, and the ELaNa 30 satellite TES-10 were carried within the Cygnus spacecraft and will be released into orbit at a later date. [61] Red-Eye 2 was deployed into orbit from ISS on 17 June 2020. [62] Red-Eye 3 was deployed into orbit on 23 June 2020. [63] DeMi and TechEdSat-10 were deployed on 13 July. [64]
17 February 15:05:55 [65]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L4	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		Starlink × 60	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
18 February 22:18 [66]	Ariane 5 ECA		VA252 [67]	Kourou ELA-3		Arianespace
		JCSAT-17 [69]	JSAT	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		GEO-KOMPSAT-2B [72] [73]	KARI	Geosynchronous	Ocean monitoring	In orbit	Operational
19 February 21:07 [74] [75]	Long March 2D		2D-Y61 [76]	Xichang LC-3		CASC
		XJS-C	SAST	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	13 July 2023 [78]	Successful
		XJS-D	SAST	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	4 June 2024 [80]	Successful
		XJS-E	HIT	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		XJS-F	CAST	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		First Long March 2D launch from Xichang.
20 February 08:24:54 [81] [82]	Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat-M			Plesetsk Site 43/3		RVSN RF
		Meridian-M 9 (19L) [83]	Ministry of Defence	Molniya	Communications	In orbit	Operational
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
7 March 04:50:31 [84]	Falcon 9 Block 5		F9-082	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		SpaceX CRS-20	NASA	Low Earth (ISS)	ISS logistics	7 April 18:50	Successful [85]
		⚀ G-SATELLITE	TOCOG / University of Tokyo	Low Earth	Space advertising	18 April 2022 [87]	Successful
		⚀ Quetzal-1 (Guatesat-1) [90]	UVG	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	1 March 2022 [91]	Successful
		⚀ Lynk-04 (Lynk the World) [94] [95]	Lynk Global	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		Final flight of Dragon 1. G-SATELLITE (Gundam Satellite) carries two miniature Gundam figurines (gunpla) to promote the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics. Quetzal-1 is Guatemala's first satellite. [96] G-SATELLITE and Quetzal-1 were deployed into orbit from the ISS on 28 April 2020. [97] [98] Lynk the World, Lynk's fourth satellite, was launched to the ISS on this flight and deployed into space by the Cygnus NG-13 spacecraft on 13 May. [99]
9 March 11:55 [100]	Long March 3B/E		3B-Y69 [26]	Xichang LC-2		CASC
		BeiDou-3 G2Q [101]	CNSA	Geosynchronous	Navigation	In orbit	Operational
16 March 13:34 [102] [103]	Long March 7A		Y1	Wenchang LC-2		CASC
		Xinjishu Yanzheng-6 (XJY-6)	TBA	Geosynchronous	Technology demonstration	16 March	Launch failure
		First flight of Long March 7A. Failed to reach orbit.
16 March 18:28:10 [104]	Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M			Plesetsk Site 43/4		RVSN RF
		GLONASS-M   760 (Kosmos 2545)	VKS	Medium Earth	Navigation	In orbit	Operational
18 March 12:16:39 [105]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L5	Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		Starlink × 60	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Fifth flight of booster B1048; recovery was not successful.
21 March 17:06:58 [106]	Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat		ST28 [107]	Baikonur Site 31/6		Arianespace / Starsem
		OneWeb × 34	OneWeb	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Baikonur flight 2.
24 March 03:43 [108]	Long March 2C		2C-Y42 [109]	Xichang LC-3		CASC
		Yaogan 30-06 01	CAS	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		Yaogan 30-06 02	CAS	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		Yaogan 30-06 03	CAS	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
26 March 20:18 [110]	Atlas V 551		AV-086 [51]	Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		AEHF-6 (USA-298) [112]	U.S. Space Force	Geosynchronous	Military communications	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ TDO-2 [115]	U.S. Space Force	Highly elliptical	Laser ranging	28 September 2022 [116]	Successful
		The TDO-2 Cubesat was also known as OrCa (Orbital Calibration) by the team which designed it at Georgia Tech. [117]
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
9 April 08:05:06 [118]	Soyuz-2.1a			Baikonur Site 31/6		Roscosmos
		Soyuz MS-16	Roscosmos	Low Earth (ISS)	Expedition 62/63	22 October 02:31	Successful
		First crewed flight of Soyuz-2.1a.
9 April 11:46 [119]	Long March 3B/E		3B-Y71 [26]	Xichang LC-2		CASC
		Nusantara Dua (Palapa-N1)	PSN / Indosat	Geosynchronous	Communications	9 April	Launch failure
		Intended to replace Palapa-D. Failed to reach orbit. [120]
22 April 03:59 [121]	Qased			Shahroud Space Center		IRGC
		⚀ Noor 1 [124]	IRGC	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	13 April 2022 [125]	Successful
		Maiden flight of the Qased launch vehicle.
22 April 19:30:30 [126]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L6	Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		Starlink × 60	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
25 April 01:51:41 [127]	Soyuz-2.1a			Baikonur Site 31/6		Roscosmos
		Progress MS-14 / 75P	Roscosmos	Low Earth (ISS)	ISS logistics	29 April 2021 00:42:27 [128]	Successful
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
5 May 10:00 [10]	Long March 5B		Y1 [129]	Wenchang LC-1		CASC
		Chinese next-generation crewed spacecraft	CMSA	Highly elliptical	Flight test	8 May 05:49	Successful
		Flexible Inflatable Cargo Return Module [131]	CASIC	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	6 May	Spacecraft failure
		First flight of Long March 5B, testing a new crewed spacecraft. [11] The capsule successfully returned to Earth on 8 May, following on-orbit testing. [132] [133] An experimental secondary payload, meant to test inflatable heat shield reentry technologies, malfunctioned during its return to Earth on 6 May. [134]
12 May 01:16 [135]	Kuaizhou 1A		Y6 [136]	Jiuquan LS-95A		ExPace
		Xingyun-2 01	Xingyun Satellite Co.	Low Earth (SSO)	IoT	In orbit	Operational
		Xingyun-2 02	Xingyun Satellite Co.	Low Earth (SSO)	IoT	In orbit	Operational
		Xingyun-2 01/02 are the first two small satellites launched for the Xingyun narrow-band Internet of Things constellation to perform data relay and tracking services. The constellation will eventually consist of 80 such satellites. [135]
17 May 13:14:00 [137] [138]	Atlas V 501		AV-081 [51]	Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		X-37B OTV-6	U.S. Space Force	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	12 November 2022 10:22 [139]	Successful
		FalconSAT-8	U.S. Air Force Academy	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		USSF-7 mission.
20 May 17:31:00 [140]	H-IIB		F9	Tanegashima LA-Y2		MHI
		HTV-9	JAXA	Low Earth (ISS)	ISS logistics	20 August 07:07	Successful
		Final HTV cargo launch, and final flight of the H-IIB rocket. The HTV-X and H3 rocket will replace them, respectively.
22 May 07:31:17 [141] [142]	Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat			Plesetsk Site 43/4		RVSN RF
		EKS-4 (Tundra 14L) [144]	VKS	Molniya	Early warning	In orbit	Operational
25 May 19:50 [145]	LauncherOne		F1	Cosmic Girl, Mojave		Virgin Orbit
		Dummy payload	Virgin Orbit	Low Earth	Flight test	25 May	Launch failure
		Starshine 4 [147]	NASA	Low Earth	Education	25 May	Launch failure
		First orbital flight of LauncherOne. Mission was terminated shortly after first stage ignition. [145] [148]
29 May 20:13 [149] [150]	Long March 11			Xichang LC-4 [151]		CASC
		XJS-G	CAS	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		XJS-H	NUDT	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
30 May 19:22:45 [152] [153]	Falcon 9 Block 5		F9-085	Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		SpX-DM2 Endeavour	SpaceX / NASA	Low Earth (ISS)	Expedition 63 / Crewed flight test	2 August 18:48	Successful
		Crew Dragon Demo 2: Crewed flight test of SpaceX Dragon 2 as part of the Commercial Crew Development program. Mission successfully concluded on 2 August after two months in space. [154] First crewed orbital spaceflight with a private spacecraft. [155]
31 May 08:53 [156] [157]	Long March 2D		2D-Y51	Jiuquan SLS-2		CASC
		Gaofen-9 02 [158]	CNSA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		HEAD-4 [160]	HEAD Aerospace	Low Earth (SSO)	AIS ship tracking	In orbit	Operational
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
4 June 01:25:33 [21] [161]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L7	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		Starlink × 60	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Fifth flight of booster B1049; recovery was successful (first booster to be recovered after 5th flight).
10 June 18:31:24 [162] [163]	Long March 2C		2C-Yxx [76]	Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		HaiYang 1D	Ministry of Natural Resources	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
13 June 05:12:12 [164]	Electron		"Don't Stop Me Now" [165]	Mahia LC-1A		Rocket Lab
		Photon (Pathfinder) [167]	Rocket Lab	Low Earth	Flight test	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ ANDESITE Mule + Node × 8 [168]	Boston University	Low Earth	Auroral science Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ USA-301 [169]	NRO	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ USA-302 [169]	NRO	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ USA-303 [169]	NRO	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ M2 Pathfinder	UNSW Canberra, RAAF	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		Launch of the ELaNa 32 mission, [170] plus additional payloads. [171] ANDESITE will conduct magnetospheric research using an experimental fractionated formation of eight picosatellites, to be deployed after reaching orbit. [172] [168] Three NRO payloads were deployed as part of RASR-2. [173]
13 June 09:21:18 [174]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L8	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		Starlink × 58	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		SkySat 16–18 [176]	Planet Labs	Low Earth	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		First SmallSat Rideshare mission launch.
17 June 07:19 [177] [178]	Long March 2D		2D-Y52	Jiuquan SLS-2		CASC
		Gaofen-9 03 [158]	CNSA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		HEAD-5	HEAD Aerospace	Low Earth (SSO)	AIS ship tracking	In orbit	Operational
		Pixing-3A	Zhejiang University	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
23 June 01:43 [179] [180]	Long March 3B/E		3B-Y68	Xichang LC-2		CASC
		BeiDou-3 G3Q [101]	CNSA	Geosynchronous	Navigation	In orbit	Operational
		Last satellite of the BeiDou-3 constellation to be launched, completing the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. [181]
30 June 20:10:46 [182] [183]	Falcon 9 Block 5		F9-088	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		GPS IIIA-03 Matthew Henson	U.S. Space Force	Medium Earth	Navigation	In orbit	Operational
		Named after African-American polar explorer Matthew Henson. Originally named Columbus. [184]
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
3 July 03:10 [185] [186]	Long March 4B		4B-Y43	Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		Gaofen DUOMO (Multi-Mode)	CAST	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		Xibaipo (BY70-2)	Luquan No.1 Middle School	Low Earth (SSO)	Popular science	In orbit	Operational
4 July 21:19:36 [187]	Electron		"Pics Or It Didn't Happen"	Mahia LC-1A		Rocket Lab
		CE-SAT-IB	Canon Inc.	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	4 July	Launch failure
		⚀ Flock-4e × 5	Planet Labs	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	4 July	Launch failure
		⚀ Faraday-1	In-Space Missions	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	4 July	Launch failure
		Failed during second stage flight. [188]
4 July 23:44 [189]	Long March 2D		2D-Y29 [76]	Jiuquan SLS-2		CASC
		Shiyan 6-02	CAST	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
6 July 01:00 [190] [191]	Shavit-2			Palmachim Airbase		IAI
		Ofek-16	Israel Ministry of Defence	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
9 July 12:11:04 [192] [193]	Long March 3B/E		3B-Y64	Xichang LC-3		CASC
		APStar 6D	APT Satellite Co.	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Operational
10 July 04:17 [194] [195]	Kuaizhou 11			Jiuquan LS-95A		ExPace
		Bilibili Video Satellite (Jilin-1 Gaofen-02E) [197]	Chang Guang Satellite Technology	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	10 July	Launch failure
		CentiSpace-1 S2 (Xiangrikui 2)	Beijing Future Navigation Technology	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	10 July	Launch failure
		First flight of Kuaizhou 11. [198] The rocket failed to reach space.
15 July 13:46 [199]	Minotaur IV / Orion 38			MARS LP-0B		Northrop Grumman
		USA-305	NRO	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		USA-306	NRO	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		USA-307	NRO	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		USA-308	NRO	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		NROL-129 mission. [200]
19 July 21:58:14 [201] [202]	H-IIA 202 [203]		F42	Tanegashima LA-Y1		MHI
		Hope (Al-Amal)	Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre	TMI to Areocentric	Mars orbiter	In orbit	Operational
		Emirates Mars Mission; first Emirati space probe.
20 July 21:30 [204]	Falcon 9 Block 5		F9-089	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		ANASIS-II [206]	Republic of Korea Army	Geosynchronous	Military communications	In orbit	Operational
		South Korea's first dedicated military communications satellite.
23 July 04:41 [207]	Long March 5		Y4 [129]	Wenchang LC-1		CASC
		Tianwen-1	CNSA	TMI to Areocentric	Mars orbiter and rover	In orbit	Operational
		Tianwen-1 Deployable Camera	CNSA	TMI (Martian flyby)	Photography	In orbit	Successful
		Drop Camera [209]	CNSA	TMI to Areocentric	Mars lander / Photography	In orbit	Successful
		China's first independent Mars mission.
23 July 14:26:21 [210]	Soyuz-2.1a			Baikonur Site 31/6		Roscosmos
		Progress MS-15 / 76P	Roscosmos	Low Earth (ISS)	ISS logistics	9 February 2021 09:13 [211]	Successful
		It was initially planned for this Progress vehicle to deorbit the Pirs module to make way for the arrival of Nauka in early 2021. This was later delayed to a subsequent mission. [212] [213] 100th Soyuz-2 launch.
25 July 03:13 [214] [215]	Long March 4B		4B-Y45	Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		Ziyuan III-03	Ministry of Natural Resources	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		Tianqi-10	Guodian Gaoke	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		Lobster Eye X-ray Explorer (NJU-HKU №1) [218] [219]	NJU / HKU	Low Earth (SSO)	X-ray astronomy	In orbit	Operational
30 July 11:50 [220]	Atlas V 541		AV-088	Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		Perseverance	NASA / JPL	TMI to Martian surface	Mars rover	18 February 2021 20:43:42 [221]	Landed on Mars; Operational
		Ingenuity	NASA / JPL	TMI to Martian surface	Mars aircraft		Landed on Mars
		Mars 2020 mission. [222]
30 July 21:25:19 [223]	Proton-M / Briz-M P4			Baikonur Site 200/39		Roscosmos
		Ekspress-80	RSCC	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Ekspress-103	RSCC	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Operational
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
6 August 04:01:54 [224] [225]	Long March 2D		2D-Y56	Jiuquan SLS-2		CASC
		Gaofen 9-04	CNSA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		Q-SAT [227]	Tsinghua University	Low Earth (SSO)	Gravitational research Atmospheric science	In orbit	Operational
7 August 05:12:05 [228]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L9	Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		Starlink × 57	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		BlackSky 5 (Global-7)	BlackSky Global	Low Earth	Earth observation	23 October 2023 [230]	Successful
		BlackSky 6 (Global-8)	BlackSky Global	Low Earth	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		Starlink SmallSat Rideshare mission to deploy BlackSky Global 7 and 8; [231] first Starlink rideshare contracted with Spaceflight Industries, dubbed "SXRS-1". [232]
15 August 22:04 [233]	Ariane 5 ECA		VA253	Kourou ELA-3		Arianespace
		BSAT-4b	BSAT	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Galaxy 30	Intelsat	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		MEV-2	Northrop Grumman	Geosynchronous	Satellite servicing	In orbit	Operational
		MEV-2 successfully docked with Intelsat 10-02 on 12 April 2021. [234]
18 August 14:31:16 [235]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L10	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		Starlink × 58	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		SkySat 19–21 [238]	Planet Labs	Low Earth	Earth observation	18, 20: In orbit 19: 26 June 2023 [239]	Operational
		Starlink SmallSat Rideshare mission to deploy SkySat 19–21.
23 August 02:27:04 [240] [241]	Long March 2D		2D-Y57	Jiuquan SLS-2		CASC
		Gaofen 9-05	CNSA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		Tiantuo-5	NUDT	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		Duo Gongneng Shiyan Weixing	AMS	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
30 August 23:18:56 [242]	Falcon 9 Block 5		F9-092	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		SAOCOM 1B	CONAE	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ EG-2 (Tyvak-0172) [243] [244]	EchoStar	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Spacecraft failure
		⚀ GNOMES-1 [246]	PlanetIQ	Low Earth (SSO)	Radio occultation	In orbit	Operational
		First polar orbit mission from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station since ESSA-9 in 1969. SmallSat Rideshare mission to deploy Tyvak-0172 and GNOMES-1.
31 August 03:05:47 [247]	Electron		"I Can't Believe It's Not Optical"	Mahia LC-1A		Rocket Lab
		Capella-2 (Sequoia)	Capella Space	Low Earth	Earth observation	28 February 2023 [249]	Successful
		Photon (First Light)	Rocket Lab	Low Earth	Flight test	In orbit	Operational [250]
		Return-to-flight mission for Electron. Second launch of the Photon satellite bus.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
3 September 01:51:10 [251] [252]	Vega		VV16	Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		ION SCV-001 Lucas [253]	D-Orbit	Low Earth (SSO)	CubeSat deployer	In orbit	Operational [254]
		Athena	Facebook [255]	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		ESAIL [253]	exactEarth	Low Earth (SSO)	AIS ship tracking	In orbit	Operational
		GHGSat-C1 (Iris) [258] [257]	GHGSat	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		NEMO-HD [253] [257]	UTIAS / Space-SI	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		ÑuSat 6 (Hypatia) [259]	Satellogic	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		UPM-Sat 2 [253]	UPM	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration Education	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ AMICal SAT [253]	CSUG / MSU	Low Earth (SSO)	Auroral science	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ DIDO-3 [257]	SpacePharma / ISA / ASI	Low Earth (SSO)	Microgravity research	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Flock-4v × 26 [261]	Planet Labs	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ FSSCAT A and B [257] [263]	UPC	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Lemur-2 × 8 [253]	Spire Global	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational (6/8)
		⚀ OSM-1 Cicero [264] [266]	OSM	Low Earth (SSO)	Radio occultation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ NAPA-1 (RTAFSAT-1) [257] [268]	RTAF	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ PICASSO [257]	BIRA-IASB	Low Earth (SSO)	Atmospheric research	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ SIMBA [257]	RMI	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ SpaceBEE × 12 [253]	Swarm Technologies	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ TARS [253]	Kepler Communications	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ TRISAT [257]	University of Maribor	Low Earth (SSO)	Education	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ TTÜ100 [257]	TalTech	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ EG-1 (Tyvak-0171) [253] [243] [244]	EchoStar	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Partial spacecraft failure; Operational
		Small Satellites Mission Service Proof of Concept (SSMS PoC) mission. [253] [257] Return to flight for Vega after the July 2019 launch failure. 53 satellites were deployed by the SSMS dispenser, including 14 Flock CubeSats carried on SSMS QuadPack deployers, while 12 additional Flock CubeSats were deployed separately by the ION SCV LUCAS satellite. [269] [253] [270] NEMO-HD and TRISAT are Slovenia's first satellites, [271] and OSM-1 Cicero is Monaco's first satellite. [264] Two of the Lemur-2 CubeSats failed to deploy, leading them to de-orbit along with the fourth stage of the Vega booster. [272]
3 September 12:46:14 [273]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L11	Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		Starlink × 60	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
4 September 07:30 [274] [275]	Long March 2F/T		2F-T3 [76]	Jiuquan SLS-1		CASC
		Reusable Experimental Spacecraft	CASC	Low Earth	Flight test	6 September 02:00 [276]	Successful
		Unidentified satellite [278]	CASC	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		Chinese experimental reusable spaceplane.
7 September 05:57 [279] [280]	Long March 4B		4B-Y46	Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		Gaofen 11-02	CNSA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
12 September 03:19 [281] [282]	Rocket 3		Rocket 3.1	Kodiak LP-3B		Astra
		Astra Test Payload	Astra	Low Earth	Flight test	12 September	Launch failure
		First flight of Rocket 3. Failed during first stage flight. Originally intended to be the second of two launches for the DARPA Launch Challenge, Rocket 3.1's launch was Astra's first orbital launch attempt following the loss of Rocket 3.0 during a prelaunch test in March 2020. [283] [284]
12 September 05:02 [285] [286]	Kuaizhou 1A		Y3 [136]	Jiuquan LS-95A		ExPace
		Jilin-1 Gaofen-02C	Chang Guang Satellite Technology	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	12 September	Launch failure
15 September 01:23 [287]	Long March 11H		Y2	De Bo 3 Launch Platform, Yellow Sea		CASC
		Jilin-1 Gaofen-03B × 6	Chang Guang Satellite Technology	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		Jilin-1 Gaofen-03C × 3	Chang Guang Satellite Technology	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		Second Long March 11 sea launch.
21 September 05:40 [288] [289]	Long March 4B		4B-Y41	Jiuquan SLS-2		CASC
		HaiYang 2C	Ministry of Natural Resources	Low Earth	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
27 September 03:23 [290]	Long March 4B		4B-Y42	Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		Huanjing 2A	CNSA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		Huanjing 2B	CNSA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
28 September 11:20 [291]	Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat			Plesetsk Site 43/4		Roscosmos
		Gonets-M 17 [292]	Gonets Satellite System	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Gonets-M 18 [292]	Gonets Satellite System	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Gonets-M 19 [292]	Gonets Satellite System	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		ICEYE X6 [293]	ICEYE	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		ICEYE X7 [293]	ICEYE	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		SALSAT [293] [295]	TU Berlin	Low Earth (SSO)	Spectrum analysis	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Kepler × 2 [297]	Kepler	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ LacunaSat-3 [293] [299]	NanoAvionics / Lacuna Space	Low Earth (SSO)	IoT	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Lemur-2 × 4 [293]	Spire Global	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ MeznSat [293] [301]	Khalifa University / AURAK	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ NetSat × 4 [293] [303]	ZFT	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Descartes [304]	MSU	Low Earth (SSO)	Space weather	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Norby [304]	NSU	Low Earth (SSO)	Space weather	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Yarilo × 2 [293] [306]	BMSTU / Lebedev Physical Institute	Low Earth (SSO)	Heliophysics	In orbit	Operational
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
3 October 01:16:14 [307]	Antares 230+			MARS LP-0A		Northrop Grumman
		Cygnus NG-14 S.S. Kalpana Chawla [308]	NASA	Low Earth (ISS)	ISS logistics	26 January 2021 20:23	Successful [309]
		⚀ Bobcat-1	Ohio University	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	9 April 2022 [311]	Successful
		⚀ DESCENT	York University	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	19 June 2022 [313]	Successful
		⚀ Lemur-2 Baxter-Oliver	Spire Global	Low Earth	Earth observation	20 December 2021 [315]	Successful
		⚀ Lemur-2 Djara [317]	Spire Global / ONI	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ NEUTRON-1	University of Hawaii	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	25 June 2022 [319]	Successful
		⚀ SATLLA-1 [321]	Ariel University	Low Earth	Education	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ SPOC	University of Georgia	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	25 June 2022 [323]	Successful
		The ELaNa 31 mission launched on this resupply flight. [170] All CubeSats launched on this mission were successfully deployed on 5 November 2020. [324]
6 October 11:29:34 [325]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L12	Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		Starlink × 60	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
11 October 16:57 [326] [327]	Long March 3B/E		3B-Y63 [328]	Xichang LC-2		CASC
		Gaofen-13	SASTIND	Geosynchronous	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
14 October 05:45:04 [21] [329]	Soyuz-2.1a			Baikonur Site 31		Roscosmos
		Soyuz MS-17	Roscosmos	Low Earth (ISS)	Expedition 63/64	17 April 2021 04:55 [330]	Successful
18 October 12:25:57 [331]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L13	Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		Starlink × 60	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
24 October 15:31:34 [332]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L14	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		Starlink × 60	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
25 October 19:08:42 [333] [334]	Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat			Plesetsk Site 43/3		RVSN RF
		GLONASS-K 15 (K1 №3) [336]	VKS	Medium Earth	Navigation	In orbit	Operational
		Also known as GLONASS-K 705. Replaced Kosmos 2516 (GLONASS-M   753) following its failure in November 2020. [337]
26 October 15:19 [338]	Long March 2C		2C-Y43	Xichang LC-3		CASC
		Yaogan 30-07 01	CAS	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		Yaogan 30-07 02	CAS	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		Yaogan 30-07 03	CAS	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		Tianqi-6	Guodian Gaoke	Low Earth	IoT	In orbit	Operational
28 October 21:21:27 [339] [340]	Electron		"In Focus"	Mahia LC-1A		Rocket Lab
		CE-SAT-IIB	Canon Inc.	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Flock-4e' × 9	Planet Labs	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
5 November 23:24:23 [341]	Falcon 9 Block 5		F9-097	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		GPS IIIA-04 Sacagawea (USA-309)	U.S. Space Force	Medium Earth	Navigation	In orbit	Operational
		Named after the Shoshone woman Sacagawea, who helped guide the Lewis and Clark Expedition. [184]
6 November 03:19 [342] [343]	Long March 6		Y3	Taiyuan LC-16		CASC
		ÑuSat × 10	Satellogic	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		Taiyuan (BY-03) [344]	Jinshan Middle School / Origin Space	Low Earth (SSO)	Education / Ultraviolet astronomy	In orbit	Operational
		Tianyan 05 (UESTC) [344]	ADASpace / MinoSpace	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Beihangkongshi-1 [346]	Spacety	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		ÑuSat 9–18. [259] Beihangkongshi-1 carries the first iodine electric space propulsion system to be tested in space.
7 November 07:12 [347] [348]	Ceres-1			Jiuquan LS-95A		Galactic Energy
		Tianqi-11 (Scorpio-1)	Guodian Gaoke	Low Earth (SSO)	IoT	In orbit	Operational
		Maiden flight of Ceres-1. Mission designated "I Believe I Can Fly".
7 November 09:41 [349] [350]	PSLV-DL		C49	Satish Dhawan FLP		ISRO
		EOS-01 (RISAT-2BR2) [352]	ISRO	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ KSM × 4 [354]	Kleos Space	Low Earth	Navigation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Lemur-2 × 4	Spire Global	Low Earth	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ R2 (LacunaSat-2) [356]	NanoAvionics	Low Earth	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
12 November 15:59:04 [357] [358]	Long March 3B/E		3B-Y73	Xichang LC-2		CASC
		Tiantong-1 02	China Satcom	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Operational
13 November 22:32 [359]	Atlas V 531		AV-090 [51]	Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		NROL-101 (USA-310)	NRO	Molniya	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		The first GEM 63 solid rocket motors flew on this mission. May be an SDS satellite.
16 November 00:27:17 [360]	Falcon 9 Block 5		F9-098	Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		SpaceX Crew-1 Resilience	SpaceX / NASA	Low Earth (ISS)	Expedition 64/65	2 May 2021 06:56	Successful
		Carrying four astronauts. Second crewed and first operational Crew Dragon mission, as part of the Commercial Crew Program. [361]
17 November 01:52:20 [362]	Vega		VV17 [363]	Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		SEOSat-Ingenio	ESA / CDTI / INTA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	17 November	Launch failure
		TARANIS	CNES	Low Earth (SSO)	TLE observation	17 November	Launch failure
		Mission failure due to human error. Cables leading to thrust vector control actuators were inverted during engine assembly, causing the AVUM upper stage to tumble upon ignition. [364]
20 November 02:20:01 [365]	Electron		"Return to Sender"	Mahia LC-1A		Rocket Lab
		⚀ Alchemy (DragRacer A)	TriSept	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	19 July 2021	Successful
		⚀ Augury (DragRacer B)	TriSept	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ BRO-2	UnseenLabs	Low Earth (SSO)	SIGINT	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ BRO-3	UnseenLabs	Low Earth (SSO)	SIGINT	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ APSS-1 (Waka Āmiorangi Aotearoa)	University of Auckland	Low Earth (SSO)	Ionospheric research	In orbit	Spacecraft failure [366]
		⚀ Landmapper-BC 5 [368]	Astro Digital	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ SpaceBEE × 18	Swarm Technologies	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications	First: 22 October 2022 Last: 14 December 2022 [370]	Successful
		⚀ SpaceBEE NZ × 6	Swarm Technologies NZ	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Gnome Chompski [372]	Gabe Newell	Low Earth	Charity / Mass simulator	In orbit	Operational
		The DragRacer mission tested Tethers Unlimited's Terminator Tape, an electrodynamic tether that can passively de-orbit satellites in order to reduce space debris. [373] [374] Alchemy, the tethered satellite, was expected to take 45 days to de-orbit; Augury, the untethered satellite, was expected to take up to 9 years. [375] Alchemy re-entered the atmosphere on 19 July 2021, after 241 days in orbit. [376] First stage recovery using parachutes was successfully attempted on this flight, with the intact booster splashing down in the Pacific Ocean.
21 November 17:17:08 [377]	Falcon 9 Block 5		F9-099	Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich (Sentinel-6A)	NASA / NOAA / ESA / Eumetsat	Low Earth	Oceanography	In orbit	Operational
23 November 20:30:12 [378]	Long March 5		Y5 [129]	Wenchang LC-1		CASC
		Chang'e 5 lander	CNSA	Selenocentric	Lunar lander	1 December 15:11	Successful
		Chang'e 5 ascender	CNSA	Selenocentric	Space rendezvous	7 December 23:30	Successful
		Chang'e 5 orbiter	CNSA	Initial: Selenocentric Current: Sun–Earth L1	Lunar orbiter	In orbit	Operational
		Chang'e 5 return capsule	CNSA	Selenocentric	Lunar sample return	16 December 17:59	Successful
		China's first lunar sample return mission. Lunar landing was confirmed on 1 December. The reentry capsule landed on Earth on 16 December and safely delivered 1.731 kg (3.82 lb) of lunar soil and rock samples. The orbiter is currently on an extended mission to the Sun–Earth L1 point. [379]
25 November 02:13:12 [380]	Falcon 9 Block 5		Starlink V1.0-L15	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		Starlink × 60	SpaceX	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		First time that a Falcon 9 first-stage booster (B1049.7) has been launched and recovered for the seventh time.
29 November 07:25 [381] [382]	H-IIA 202		F43	Tanegashima LA-Y1		MHI
		JDRS-1 (LUCAS) [384]	CAS / JAXA	Geosynchronous	Data relay	In orbit	Operational
		Japanese Optical Data Relay Satellite.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
2 December 01:33:28 [385]	Soyuz ST-A / Fregat-M		VS24	Kourou ELS		Arianespace
		FalconEye-2	UAE Armed Forces	Low Earth (SSO)	Reconnaissance (IMINT)	In orbit	Operational
3 December 01:14:36 [386] [387]	Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat			Plesetsk Site 43/3		Roscosmos
		Gonets-M 20 [292]	Gonets Satellite System	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Gonets-M 21 [292]	Gonets Satellite System	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Gonets-M 22 [292]	Gonets Satellite System	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ ERA-1 (Kosmos 2548) [389]	Ministry of Defence	Low Earth	Military	In orbit	Operational
6 December 03:58 [390] [391]	Long March 3B/E		3B-Y70	Xichang LC-3		CASC
		Gaofen 14	SASTIND	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		First Long March 3B launch to Sun-synchronous orbit.
6 December 16:17:08 [392]	Falcon 9 Block 5		F9-101	Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		SpaceX CRS-21	NASA	Low Earth (ISS)	ISS logistics	14 January 2021	Successful
		Nanoracks Bishop Airlock	Nanoracks / NASA	Low Earth (ISS)	Satellite deployment / ISS assembly	In orbit	Operational
		First flight of the cargo version of Dragon 2. Nanoracks Bishop Airlock launched aboard this resupply flight. The airlock is now docked to the ISS as of 12/22/20.
9 December 20:14 [393] [394]	Long March 11		Y9 [151]	Xichang LC-4		CASC
		GECAM A and B [396]	CAS	Low Earth	Gravitational-wave astronomy	In orbit	Operational
11 December 01:09 [397]	Delta IV Heavy		D-385	Cape Canaveral SLC-37B		ULA
		Orion 10 / USA-311 [399]	NRO	Geosynchronous	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		NROL-44 mission. First launch from the newly renamed Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.
13 December 17:30 [400]	Falcon 9 Block 5		F9-102	Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		SXM-7 [402]	Sirius XM	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Spacecraft failure
		Replacement for the XM-3 satellite launched in 2005. While conducting in-orbit testing the satellite experienced payload unit failures. Exact cause has not been announced. [403]
14 December 05:50:00 [404] [405]	Angara A5 / Briz-M			Plesetsk Site 35/1		RVSN RF
		IPM 2 (dummy payload) [407]	VKS	Geosynchronous	Flight test	In orbit	Successful
		Second orbital flight of Angara A5.
15 December 10:09:27 [21] [408]	Electron		"The Owl's Night Begins"	Mahia LC-1A		Rocket Lab
		StriX-α	Synspective	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		First of 16 dedicated launches for Synspective's StriX constellation, taking place from 2020 to 2027. [409]
15 December 20:55 [410] [411]	Rocket 3		Rocket 3.2	Kodiak LP-3B		Astra
		No payload	Astra	Low Earth (SSO)	Flight test	15 December	Launch failure
		Second of three Rocket 3 orbital launch attempts. Successfully achieved an apogee of 390 km (240 mi), but fell just short of orbital velocity due to a suboptimal second stage fuel mixture. [412]
17 December 10:11 [413]	PSLV-XL		C50 [414]	Satish Dhawan SLP		ISRO
		CMS-01 (GSAT-12R)	ISRO	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Replacement for GSAT-12. [415]
18 December 12:26:26 [416]	Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat		ST29	Vostochny Site 1S		Arianespace / Starsem
		OneWeb × 36	OneWeb	Low Earth	Communications	In orbit	Operational
		Vostochny flight 1. Third large batch of satellites, and the first after bankruptcy in early 2020. [417]
19 December 14:00 [418]	Falcon 9 Block 5		F9-103	Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		USA-312	NRO	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		USA-313	NRO	Low Earth	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		NROL-108 mission, satellites being possibly SpaceX Starshield prototypes. [419] [420]
22 December 04:37:37 [421] [422] [423]	Long March 8		Y1	Wenchang LC-2 [424]		CASC
		Xinjishu Yanzheng-7 (XJY-7)	CAST	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		Hisea-1 [426]	Spacety	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		Tianqi-8 (Ping'an-1)	Guodian Gaoke	Low Earth (SSO)	IoT	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Yuanguang	Spacety / HBUT	Low Earth (SSO)	Space tribology	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ ET-SMART-RSS (Zhixing-1A) [428]	ESSTI / SMART	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation	In orbit	Operational
		First flight of Long March 8.
27 December 15:44 [429]	Long March 4C		4C-Y35	Jiuquan SLS-2		CASC
		Yaogan 33(R)	CAS	Low Earth (SSO)	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational
		⚀ Weina-2	SECM	Low Earth (SSO)	Technology demonstration	In orbit	Operational
		Replacement for Yaogan 33, which was lost in a launch failure on 22 May 2019.
29 December 16:42:07 [430] [431]	Soyuz ST-A / Fregat-M		VS25	Kourou ELS		Arianespace
		CSO-2	CNES / DGA	Low Earth (SSO)	Reconnaissance	In orbit	Operational

← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →

Suborbital flights

Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
9 January 08:00:00	S-310		45	Uchinoura		JAXA
			JAXA	Suborbital	Technology	9 January	Successful
		Apogee: 131 km [432]
19 January	K-4			Visakhapatnam		Indian Navy
			Indian Navy	Suborbital	Missile test	19 January	Successful
		Apogee: 500 km? The missile was from a submerged platform located in the coastal waters of Andhra Pradesh. This test was undertaken in full operational configuration during which the missile traversed a distance of over 3,500 km in approximately 21 minutes. [433]
19 January 15:30 [434]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		SpaceX Dragon 2	SpaceX	Suborbital	Test flight	19 January	Successful
		Apogee: 40 km. [435] In-flight abort test at Max Q. It was planned that the capsule from the first demonstration mission SpX-DM1 would be used, but that capsule having been subsequently destroyed after the mission in a fire during a ground-test, a new capsule was assigned for this mission. [436] [437] [438]
24 January [439]	K-4			Visakhapatnam		Indian Navy
			Indian Navy	Suborbital	Missile test	24 January	Successful
		Apogee: 500 km?
27 January 13:40 [440]	Black Brant IX			Poker Flat Research Range		NASA
		PolarNOx 2	Virginia Tech	Suborbital	Thermosphere research	27 January	Successful
		Apogee: 260 kilometres (160 mi)
5 February 08:33 [441]	Minuteman-III			Vandenberg Air Force Base LF-04		US Air Force
		FTU-2	US Air Force	Suborbital	Test flight	5 February	Successful
12 February [442]	UGM-133 Trident II			USS Maine (SSBN-741), Pacific Missile Range Facility		US Navy
			US Navy	Suborbital	Missile test	12 February	Successful
		Demonstration and Shakedown Operation (DASO) 30
16 February [443]	UGM-133 Trident II			USS Maine (SSBN-741), Pacific Missile Range Facility		US Navy
			US Navy	Suborbital	Missile test	16 February	Successful
		Demonstration and Shakedown Operation (DASO) 30
19 February [444] 23:14	Improved Malemute			Esrange		SSC
		SPIDER-2 [446]	SNSA	Suborbital	Atmospheric analysis	19 February	Successful
		Apogee 120 km (74 mi)
20 March 08:30	UGM-27 Polaris (STARS)			Barking Sands LC-42		US Navy
		C-HGB	US Navy	Suborbital	Technology	20 March	Successful
		Common-Hypersonic Glide Body, successful hypersonic glide vehicle test. [447]
15 April 15:00 [448]	PL-19 "Nudol"			Plesetsk cosmodrome
				Suborbital	Missile test	15 April	Successful
		Anti-satellite missile test
12 June [449]	M51			Le Téméraire, Audierne Bay		DGA/Marine nationale
			DGA/Marine nationale	Suborbital	Test flight	12 June	Successful
		Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)?
14 June [450]	Momo 5			Taiki Aerospace Research Field		Interstellar Technologies
			Kochi University of Technology	Suborbital	?	14 June	Launch failure [450]
		About 35 seconds into flight, sparks were observed near the engine nozzle. About thirty seconds later, the engine failed and the rocket tumbled out of control.
4 August 07:21 [451]	Minuteman-III			Vandenberg Air Force Base LF-10		US Air Force
		3x Mk 12 RV	US Air Force	Suborbital	Test flight	4 August	Successful
		Mission GT-235GM
12 August [452]	Silver Sparrow?			F-15 Eagle, Israel		IAF
			Israeli Air Force	Suborbital	ABM target	12 August	Successful
		Apogee: ~100 kilometres (62 mi)?, AST-18a target, successfully intercepted by Arrow 2
16 August [453]	Skylark Micro		Launch I	Langanes Peninsula Launch Site		Skyrora
			Skyrora	Suborbital	Test flight	16 August	Successful
		Maiden flight of Skylark Micro. Apogee: 26,86 km. [454]
2 September 07:03 [455]	Minuteman-III			Vandenberg Air Force Base LF-04		US Air Force
		1x RV	US Air Force	Suborbital	Test flight	2 September	Successful
		Mission GT-233GM
8 September 18:00 [456]	Black Brant IX			White Sands Missile Range		NASA
		DUST-2	NASA / JAXA	Suborbital	Formation and growth of small particles	8 September	Successful
		Apogee: 346 kilometres (215 mi)
19 September 00:39	T-Minus Engineering Dart		TED-1	Koonibba Test Range		T-Minus Engineering
		DEWC-SP1	DEWC Systems	Suborbital	Miniaturized Orbital Electronic Warfare Sensor System	19 September	Successful
		First flight of the T-minus Dart. First Dutch space launch
19 September 02:19	T-Minus Engineering Dart		TED-2	Koonibba Test Range		T-Minus Engineering
		DEWC-SP2	DEWC Systems	Suborbital	Miniaturized Orbital Electronic Warfare Sensor System	19 September	Successful
		Flew 1 hour and 40 minutes after the previous flight.
13 October 13:36 [457]	New Shepard		NS-13	Corn Ranch		Blue Origin
		Crew Capsule 2.0	Blue Origin	Suborbital	Test flight/Payload delivery	13 October	Successful
		Postcards [459]	Club For The Future	Suborbital	Education	13 October	Successful
		7th flight of the same capsule and booster. Onboard payloads include Space Lab Technologies, Southwest Research Institute, seeds and postcards for Club for the Future, and multiple payloads for NASA including SPLICE to test future lunar landing technologies in support of the Artemis program. A Sealandic postcard was the first payload from Sealand to be sent into space.
29 October 19:27 [460]	Minuteman-III			Vandenberg Air Force Base LF-09		US Air Force
		1x RV	US Air Force	Suborbital	Test flight	29 October	Successful
		Mission GT-236GM
29 October [461]	SR-0			Sinop		Roketsan
			Roketsan	Suborbital	Test flight	29 October	Successful
		Apogee 136 kilometers (84.5 mi).
2 November 10:20 [462]	Black Brant IX			White Sands Missile Range		NASA
		DEUCE	NASA	Suborbital	Astronomy	2 November	Successful
		Apogee: 285 kilometres (177 mi)
17 November 05:50 [463] [464]	ICBM-T2		FTM-44	Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site		US Missile Defense Agency
		SM-3 target		Suborbital	Target for SM-3 FMT-44	17 November	Successful
		ICBM target for and intercepted by SM-3 FMT-44.
17 November [463] [464]	SM-3 Block IIA		FTM-44	USS John Finn		US Missile Defense Agency/U.S. Navy
		Kill vehicle	U.S. Navy	Suborbital	ICBM interceptor	17 November	Successful
		Intercepted ICBM-T2 in space.
9 December [465] [466]	R-29RMU			Karelia (submarine), Barents Sea		Russian Ministry of Defense
		1x RV?		Suborbital	Missile test	9 December	Successful
9 December [465] [467]	RS-24 Yars			Plesetsk cosmodrome		Russian Ministry of Defense
		1x RV?		Suborbital	Missile test	9 December	Successful
12 December 16:15 [468]	SpaceShipTwo		19	Spaceport America		Virgin Galactic
		VSS Unity	Virgin Galactic	Suborbital	Crewed spaceflight	12 December	Aborted
		First attempted crewed spaceflight from New Mexico. One second after ignition, the spacecraft's engine aborted, and shut down. The two crewmembers aboard, David Mackay and Frederick Sturckow, piloted the spacecraft to a safe landing. [469]
12 December [470]	RSM-56 Bulava			K-551 Vladimir Monomakh (submarine), Sea of Okhotsk		Russian Ministry of Defense
		1x RV	Russian Ministry of Defense	Suborbital	Missile test	12 December	Successful
		Rapid launch of four intercontinental ballistic missiles.
12 December	RSM-56 Bulava			K-551 Vladimir Monomakh (submarine), Sea of Okhotsk		Russian Ministry of Defense
		1x RV	Russian Ministry of Defense	Suborbital	Missile test	12 December	Successful
		Rapid launch of four intercontinental ballistic missiles.
12 December	RSM-56 Bulava			K-551 Vladimir Monomakh (submarine), Sea of Okhotsk		Russian Ministry of Defense
		1x RV	Russian Ministry of Defense	Suborbital	Missile test	12 December	Successful
		Rapid launch of four intercontinental ballistic missiles.
12 December	RSM-56 Bulava			K-551 Vladimir Monomakh (submarine), Sea of Okhotsk		Russian Ministry of Defense
		1x RV	Russian Ministry of Defense	Suborbital	Missile test	12 December	Successful
		Rapid launch of four intercontinental ballistic missiles.
16 December [471]	PL-19 "Nudol"			Plesetsk cosmodrome
				Suborbital	Missile test	16 December	Successful
		Anti-satellite missile test

Launches from the Moon

-

Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
3 December 15:10 [472] [473]	Chang'e 5 ascent vehicle			Chang'e 5 descent stage, Mons Rümker		CNSA
		Lunar soil sample container	CNSA	Selenocentric orbit	Sample return	7 December 2020	Successful
		Sample return mission. First flight of the Chang'e ascent stage. Rendezvoused and docked with the Chang'e 5 Earth return vehicle to transfer lunar soil samples for return to Earth.

Deep-space rendezvous

Date (UTC)	Spacecraft	Event	Remarks
29 January [474]	Parker Solar Probe	4th perihelion
17 February [475]	Juno	25th perijove of Jupiter
10 April [475]	Juno	26th perijove
10 April 04:25 [476]	BepiColombo	Gravity assist at Earth
2 June [475]	Juno	27th perijove
7 June [477]	Parker Solar Probe	5th perihelion
11 July [478]	Parker Solar Probe	Third gravity assist at Venus
25 July [475]	Juno	28th perijove
16 September [475]	Juno	29th perijove
27 September [479]	Parker Solar Probe	6th perihelion
16 October 03:58 [480]	BepiColombo	First gravity assist at Venus
20 October [481]	OSIRIS-REx	Touch-and-go maneuver on Bennu for sampling
8 November [475]	Juno	30th perijove
28 November	Chang'e 5	Lunar orbital insertion [482]
1 December [483]	Chang'e 5 lander and ascent vehicle	Lunar landing	Sample return mission successfully landed in Mons Rümker region of Oceanus Procellarum, coordinates 43°03′27″N51°54′58″E / 43.0576°N 51.9161°E / 43.0576; 51.9161 .
5 December [484]	Chang'e 5 ascent vehicle and orbiter	Lunar orbit rendezvous	First-ever robotic rendezvous and docking in lunar orbit
5 December [485]	Hayabusa2	Sample return to Earth
7 December [486]	Chang'e 5 ascent vehicle	Lunar impact	Intentional de-orbit following docking and transfer of samples to orbiter and reentry capsule
13 December [486]	Chang'e 5 orbiter and reentry capsule	Trans-Earth injection
16 December [486]	Chang'e 5 reentry capsule	Lunar sample return	Perform a skip reentry to reduce the heating loads
26 December	Solar Orbiter	First gravity assist at Venus [487]
30 December [475]	Juno	31st perijove

Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

Start Date/Time	Duration	End Time	Spacecraft	Crew	Remarks
15 January 18:04	7 hours 29 minutes	01:33	Expedition 61 ISS Quest	Christina Koch Jessica Meir	During the 7-hour, 29-minute spacewalk, the two NASA astronauts successfully replaced nickel-hydrogen batteries with newer, more powerful lithium-ion batteries for the power channel on one pair of the station's solar arrays. [488]
20 January 17:33	6 hours 58 minutes	00:31	Expedition 61 ISS Quest	Christina Koch Jessica Meir	During the six hour and 58-minute spacewalk, the two NASA astronauts successfully completed the battery upgrade for one channel on one pair of the station's solar arrays. Work included removing the last two nickel-hydrogen batteries from this area of the station's backbone near the port solar array and moving them to an external platform. The batteries will be stored there until they can be disposed of in the next Japanese HTV cargo spacecraft after it delivers tons of supplies to the space station later this year. Meir and Koch also installed the sixth and final new lithium-ion battery, and ground controllers verified the new batteries powered up successfully to provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for station operations. [489]
25 January 11:04	6 hours 16 minutes	17:20	Expedition 61 ISS Quest	Andrew Morgan Luca Parmitano	During the 6 hour, 16 minute spacewalk, the two astronauts successfully completed leak checks for the cooling system on the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) and opened a valve to being pressurizing the system. Preliminary testing shows AMS is responding as expected. [490]
26 June 11:02	6 hours 7 minutes	17:39	Expedition 63 ISS Quest	Chris Cassidy Robert Behnken	The spacewalkers removed five of six aging nickel-hydrogen batteries for one of two power channels for the starboard 6 (S6) truss, installed two of three new lithium-ion batteries, and installed two of three associated adapter plates that are used to complete the power circuit to the new batteries. Mission control reports that the two new batteries are working. The two NASA astronauts completed all the work planned for this first of four spacewalks to replace batteries that provide power for the station's solar arrays on the starboard truss of the complex as well as initial tasks originally planned for the second scheduled spacewalk next Wednesday. The new batteries provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for operations. [491]
1 July 11:13	6 hours 1 minutes	17:14	Expedition 63 ISS Quest	Chris Cassidy Robert Behnken	During the six hour and one-minute spacewalk, the two NASA astronauts completed half the work to upgrade the batteries that provide power for one channel on one pair of the station's solar arrays. The new batteries provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for operations. They successfully moved and connected one new, powerful lithium-ion battery and its adapter place to complete the circuit to the new battery and relocated one aging nickel-hydrogen battery to an external platform for future disposal. [492]
16 July 11:10	6 hours	17:10	Expedition 63 ISS Quest	Chris Cassidy Robert Behnken	The two NASA astronauts completed all the work to replace batteries that provide power for the International Space Station's solar arrays on the starboard truss of the complex. The new batteries provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for operations. The spacewalkers removed six aging nickel-hydrogen batteries for the second of two power channels for the starboard 6 (S6) truss, installed three new lithium-ion batteries, and installed the three associated adapter plates that are used to complete the power circuit to the new batteries. [493]
21 July 11:12	5 hours 29 minutes	16:41	Expedition 63 ISS Quest	Chris Cassidy Robert Behnken	The two NASA astronauts installed a protective storage unit that includes two Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) units the Canadian Space Agency's Dextre robot can use to detect leaks of ammonia, which is used to operate the station's cooling system. They removed two lifting fixtures at the base of station solar arrays on the near port truss, or backbone, of the station. The "H-fixtures" were used for ground processing of the solar arrays prior to their launch. They then completed tasks to prepare the outside of the Tranquility module for the arrival later this year of the Nanoracks commercial airlock on a SpaceX cargo delivery mission. They also routed Ethernet cables and removed a lens filter cover from an external camera. [494]
18 November 15:12	6 hours 48 minutes	22:00	Expedition 64 Poisk Airlock	Sergey Ryzhikov Sergey Kud-Sverchkov	Spacewalk was conducted using Poisk Module airlock for the first time in 11 years. This spacewalk includes works in preparation of Pirs module decommissioning and departure: relocated antenna and repositioned instruments Replacement of fluid flow regulator was not done as astronauts were unable to open new module compartment, this task was deferred to a future spacewalk. [495]

Orbital launch statistics

See also: Timeline of spaceflight

By country

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket. Launches from the Moon are not included in the statistics.

Country		Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks
	China	39	35	4	0
	Europe	5	4	1	0
	India	2	2	0	0
	Iran	2	1	1	0
	Israel	1	1	0	0
	Japan	4	4	0	0
	Russia	17	17	0	0	Includes two European Soyuz launches from Kourou, French Guiana by Arianespace.
	United States	44	40	4	0	Includes seven Electron launches from Mahia
World		114	104	10	0

By rocket

10

20

30

40

Antares

Ariane

Atlas

Electron

Falcon

H-II

Kuaizhou

Long March

PSLV

R-7

Vega

Others

•   Antares 230+
•   Ariane 5
•   Atlas V
•   Electron
•   Falcon 9 new
•   Falcon 9 reused
•   Falcon Heavy
•   H-IIA
•   H-IIB
•   Kuaizhou 1A
•   Kuaizhou 11
•   Long March 2
•   Long March 3
•   Long March 4
•   Long March 5
•   Long March 6
•   Long March 7
•   Long March 8
•   Long March 11
•   PSLV
•   Soyuz-2 (Russia)
•   Soyuz-ST (Europe)
•   Vega
•   Others

By family

Family	Country	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks
Angara	Russia	1	1	0	0
Antares	United States	2	2	0	0
Ariane	Europe	3	3	0	0
Astra	United States	2	0	2	0	Maiden flight
Atlas	United States	5	5	0	0
Ceres	China	1	1	0	0	Maiden flight
Delta	United States	1	1	0	0
Electron	United States	7	6	1	0
Falcon	United States	25	25	0	0
H-II	Japan	4	4	0	0
Kuaizhou	China	4	2	2	0
LauncherOne	United States	1	0	1	0	Maiden flight
Long March	China	34	32	2	0
Minotaur	United States	1	1	0	0
PSLV	India	2	2	0	0
R-7	Russia	15	15	0	0
Safir	Iran	1	1	0	0
Shavit 2	Israel	1	1	0	0
Simorgh	Iran	1	0	1	0
Universal Rocket	Russia	1	1	0	0
Vega	Europe	2	1	1	0

By type

Rocket	Country	Family	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks
Angara A5	Russia	Angara	1	1	0	0
Antares 200	United States	Antares	2	2	0	0
Ariane 5	Europe	Ariane	3	3	0	0
Atlas V	United States	Atlas	5	5	0	0
Ceres-1	China	Ceres	1	1	0	0	Maiden flight
Delta IV	United States	Delta	1	1	0	0
Electron	United States	Electron	7	6	1	0
Falcon 9	United States	Falcon	25	25	0	0
H-IIA	Japan	H-II	3	3	0	0
H-IIB	Japan	H-II	1	1	0	0	Final flight
Kuaizhou	China	Kuaizhou	4	2	2	0
LauncherOne	United States	LauncherOne	1	0	1	0	Maiden flight
Long March 2	China	Long March	11	11	0	0
Long March 3	China	Long March	8	7	1	0
Long March 4	China	Long March	6	6	0	0
Long March 5	China	Long March	3	3	0	0
Long March 6	China	Long March	1	1	0	0
Long March 7	China	Long March	1	0	1	0
Long March 8	China	Long March	1	1	0	0	Maiden flight
Long March 11	China	Long March	3	3	0	0
Minotaur IV	United States	Minotaur	1	1	0	0
PSLV	India	PSLV	2	2	0	0
Proton	Russia	Universal Rocket	1	1	0	0
Qased	Iran	Safir	1	1	0	0	Maiden flight
Rocket 3	United States	Astra	2	0	2	0	Maiden flight
Shavit 2	Israel	Shavit	1	1	0	0
Simorgh	Iran	Simorgh	1	0	1	0
Soyuz-2	Russia	R-7	15	15	0	0
Vega	Europe	Vega	2	1	1	0

By configuration

Rocket	Country	Type	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks
Angara A5 / Briz-M	Russia	Angara A5	1	1	0	0
Antares 230+	United States	Antares	2	2	0	0
Ariane 5 ECA	Europe	Ariane 5	3	3	0	0
Atlas V 411	United States	Atlas V	1	1	0	0	Final flight
Atlas V 501	United States	Atlas V	1	1	0	0
Atlas V 531	United States	Atlas V	1	1	0	0
Atlas V 541	United States	Atlas V	1	1	0	0
Atlas V 551	United States	Atlas V	1	1	0	0
Delta IV Heavy	United States	Delta IV	1	1	0	0
Ceres-1	China	Ceres-1	1	1	0	0	Maiden flight
Electron	United States	Electron	7	6	1	0
Falcon 9 Block 5	United States	Falcon 9	25	25	0	0
H-IIA 202	Japan	H-IIA	3	3	0	0
H-IIB	Japan	H-IIB	1	1	0	0	Final flight
Kuaizhou 1A	China	Kuaizhou	3	2	1	0
Kuaizhou 11	China	Kuaizhou	1	0	1	0	Maiden flight
LauncherOne	United States	LauncherOne	1	0	1	0	Maiden flight
Long March 2C	China	Long March 2	3	3	0	0
Long March 2D	China	Long March 2	7	7	0	0
Long March 2F/T	China	Long March 2	1	1	0	0
Long March 3B/E	China	Long March 3	8	7	1	0
Long March 4B	China	Long March 4	5	5	0	0
Long March 4C	China	Long March 4	1	1	0	0
Long March 5	China	Long March 5	2	2	0	0
Long March 5B	China	Long March 5	1	1	0	0	Maiden flight
Long March 6	China	Long March 6	1	1	0	0
Long March 7A	China	Long March 7	1	0	1	0	Maiden flight
Long March 8	China	Long March 8	1	1	0	0	Maiden flight
Long March 11	China	Long March 11	3	3	0	0
Minotaur IV	United States	Minotaur IV	1	1	0	0
Proton-M / Briz-M	Russia	Proton	1	1	0	0
PSLV-XL	India	PSLV	1	1	0	0
PSLV-DL	India	PSLV	1	1	0	0
Qased	Iran	Qased	1	1	0	0	Maiden flight
Rocket 3	United States	Rocket 3	2	0	2	0	Maiden flight
Shavit 2	Israel	Shavit	1	1	0	0
Simorgh	Iran	Simorgh	1	0	1	0
Soyuz-2.1a	Russia	Soyuz-2	4	4	0	0
Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat-M or ST-A	Russia	Soyuz-2	3	3	0	0
Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M or ST-B	Russia	Soyuz-2	8	8	0	0
Vega	Europe	Vega	2	1	1	0

By spaceport

10

20

30

40

China

France

India

Iran

Israel

Japan

Kazakhstan

New Zealand

Russia

United States

•   Jiuquan
•   Taiyuan
•   Wenchang
•   Xichang
•   Yellow Sea
•   Kourou
•   Satish Dhawan
•   Semnan
•   Shahroud
•   Palmachim
•   Tanegashima
•   Baikonur
•   Mahia
•   Plesetsk
•   Vostochny
•   Cape Canaveral
•   Kennedy
•   MARS
•   Mojave
•   PSCA
•   Vandenberg
•  

Site	Country	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks
Baikonur	Kazakhstan	7	7	0	0
Cape Canaveral	United States	20	20	0	0
Jiuquan	China	13	11	2	0
Kennedy	United States	10	10	0	0
Kourou	France	7	6	1	0
Mahia	New Zealand	7	6	1	0
MARS	United States	3	3	0	0
Mojave	United States	1	0	1	0
PSCA	United States	2	0	2	0
Palmachim	Israel	1	1	0	0
Plesetsk	Russia	7	7	0	0
Satish Dhawan	India	2	2	0	0
Shahroud	Iran	1	1	0	0	First orbital launch
Semnan	Iran	1	0	1	0
Taiyuan	China	7	7	0	0
Tanegashima	Japan	4	4	0	0
Vandenberg	United States	1	1	0	0
Vostochny	Russia	1	1	0	0
Wenchang	China	5	4	1	0
Xichang	China	13	12	1	0
Yellow Sea	China	1	1	0	0
Total		114	104	10	0

By orbit

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Low Earth

Medium Earth / Molniya

Geosynchronous / transfer

High Earth / Lunar transfer

Heliocentric

•   Low Earth
•   Low Earth (ISS)
•   Low Earth (SSO)
•   Low Earth (retrograde)
•   Medium Earth
•   Molniya
•   Geosychronous
•   Lunar transfer
•   Heliocentric
•  

Orbital regime	Launches	Achieved	Not achieved	Accidentally achieved	Remarks
Transatmospheric	0	0	0	0
Low Earth / Sun-synchronous	82	74	8	0	Including flights to the ISS
Geosynchronous / GTO	19	17	2	0
Medium Earth / Molniya	8	8	0	0
High Earth / Lunar transfer	1	1	0	0
Heliocentric orbit / Planetary transfer	4	4	0	0
Total	114	104	10	0

Suborbital launch statistics

By country

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of suborbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. Flights intended to fly below 80 km (50 mi) are omitted.

Country		Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks
	Canada	3	3	0	0
	France	1	1	0	0
	India	2	2	0	0
	Israel	1	1	0	0
	Japan	2	1	1	0
	Netherlands	2	2	0	0	Includes T-Minus Dart launches from Australia
	Russia	8	8	0	0
	Turkey	1	1	0	0
	United States	11	11	0	0
World		31	30	1	0

First successful orbital launch

• Ceres-1
• Long March 5B
• Long March 8
• Qased

See also

• Timeline of Solar System exploration#2020s
• 2020 SO, a near-Earth object orbiting Earth and Sun that was confirmed to be a remnant of 1966 in spaceflight in December ^[496]

Notes

1. Clockwise from top:
   • NASA astronauts Bob Behnken (L) and Doug Hurley (R) of the Crew Dragon Demo-2 mission launched in May 2020, the first-ever crewed orbital spaceflight operated by a commercial provider, and the first crewed orbital launch from the United States since 2011.
   • Sequence of photographs of the surface of the asteroid Bennu being sampled by OSIRIS-REx for return to Earth.
   • Operation of the International Space Station by a regular full-time crew of seven commences for the first time in the facility's history in November 2020 during Expedition 64.
   • Launch of the Chinese Chang'e 5 mission atop a Long March 5 rocket in November 2020. Chang'e 5 was the first sample-return mission to the Moon since Luna 24 in 1976.

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External links

• Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
• Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
• Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.^{[ dead link ‍]}
• Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
• Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
• McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
• Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
• Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
• Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
• Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
• "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
• "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
• "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.^{[ dead link ‍]}
• "Space Information Center". JAXA.^{[ dead link ‍]}
• "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).

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