2025 in spaceflight

2025 in spaceflight

The Artemis 2 mission is scheduled to carry four astronauts to perform a flyby of the Moon in 2025.

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This article documents expected notable spaceflight events during the year 2025.

NASA plans to launch the Artemis 2 mission on the Space Launch System, sending astronauts around the Moon on a ten-day lunar flyby.

NASA plans to launch the first two components of the Lunar Gateway, ^[1] a key part of its efforts to return to the Moon and a stepping stone for crewed missions to Mars in the 2030s. ^[2]

ESA plans to conduct an orbital test flight of the Space Rider uncrewed spaceplane in the third quarter of the year. ^[3]

The first Indian crewed spaceflight, Gaganyaan 3, is planned for 2025. ^[4]

China plans to launch the Tianwen-2 (ZhengHe) asteroid sample-return and comet probe ^[5] and the Chang'e 6 sample-return mission. ^[6]

As of 2021, the mission of the Juno spacecraft orbiting Jupiter is targeted to end no later than September 2025. NASA has stated that the mission could end sooner depending on potential damage from the system's radiation belts during fly-bys of Europa in 2022, and Io in 2023 and 2024. ^{[7] [8]}

Orbital launches

← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →

Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
January (TBD) [9]	Falcon 9 Block 5			TBA		SpaceX
		Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21	SDA	Low Earth (SSO)	Military communications
		Second of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1(Tranche 1B Mission).
January (TBD) [9]	Falcon 9 Block 5			TBA		SpaceX
		Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21	SDA	Low Earth (SSO)	Military communications
		Third of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1(Tranche 1C Mission).
January (TBD) [9]	Falcon 9 Block 5			TBA		SpaceX
		Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21	SDA	Low Earth (SSO)	Military communications
		Fourth of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1(Tranche 1D Mission).
January (TBD) [9]	Falcon 9 Block 5			TBA		SpaceX
		Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21	SDA	Low Earth (SSO)	Military communications
		Fifth of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1(Tranche 1E Mission).
January (TBD) [10]	Falcon 9 Block 5			TBA		SpaceX
		TBA	SpaceX	Low Earth	TBA
		Fourth of Five dedicated launches for DAPA 425 Project (425 Project Flight 4).
January (TBD) [11]	Falcon 9 Block 5			TBA		SpaceX
		TBA	SpaceX	Low Earth	TBA
		Fifth of Five dedicated launches for DAPA 425 Project (425 Project Flight 5).
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
February (TBD) [12]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral SLC-40		SpaceX
		IMAP	NASA	Sun–Earth L1	Heliophysics
		Carruthers Geocorona Observatory	NASA	Sun–Earth L1	Exosphere research
		SWFO-L1	NOAA	Sun–Earth L1	Space weather
		Part of the Solar Terrestrial Probes program. Under NASA's SMD Rideshare Initiative, two secondary spacecraft will be launched along with IMAP to the Sun–Earth L1 point.
February (TBD) [13]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg		SpaceX
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth (SSO)	TBA
		Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-13.
February (TBD) [14]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg		SpaceX
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth	TBA
		Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to a 45-degree mid-inclination orbit, designated Bandwagon-3.
February (TBD) [9]	Falcon 9 Block 5			TBA		SpaceX
		Transport Layer Tranche 1 × 21	SDA	Low Earth (SSO)	Military communications
		Last of six launches for the Space Development Agency's Transport Layer Tranche 1(Tranche 1F Mission).
February (TBD) [15] [16]	Vulcan Centaur			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		GPS III-08 Katherine Johnson	U.S. Space Force	Medium Earth	Navigation
		Named after NASA mathematician and human computer Katherine Johnson. [17]
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
Q1 (TBD) [18]	Atlas V N22			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		Boeing Starliner-1 (PCM-1) [20]	Boeing / NASA	Low Earth (ISS)	Expedition TBA
		First operational Starliner mission, as part of the Commercial Crew Program.
Q1 (TBD) [21] [22]	HLVM 3			Satish Dhawan SLP		ISRO
		Gaganyaan-3	ISRO	Low Earth	Flight test
		Third Gaganyaan flight test. Will carry the Vyommitra humanoid robot. [21] [23]
Q1 (TBD) [24]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		IM-3	Intuitive Machines	TLI to lunar surface	Lunar lander
		Khon2	Intuitive Machines	Earth–Moon L2	Lunar communications
		Lunar Vertex rover	NASA	TLI to lunar surface	Lunar rover
		CADRE × 3	NASA	TLI to lunar surface	Lunar rovers
		Third Nova-C lunar lander. Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) mission delivering payloads to Reiner Gamma. [25] ESA will provide the MoonLIGHT lunar laser retroreflector payload.
Q1 (TBD) [26] [27]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Kennedy		SpaceX
		MRV-1	Northrop Grumman / DARPA	Geosynchronous	Satellite servicing
		MEP × 3	Northrop Grumman	Geosynchronous	Satellite servicing
		The Mission Robotic Vehicle (MRV) will carry DARPA's Robotic Servicing of Geosynchronous Spacecraft (RSGS) Robotic Payload. [28] It will install three propulsion jet packs, referred to as Mission Extension Pods (MEP), on satellites that are nearing the end of their operational lifespans. Two of the three MEPs will be installed on Optus D3 and an Intelsat satellite in 2025 and 2026, respectively. [27]
Q1 (TBD) [29] [30]	Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat			Vostochny Site 1S		Roscosmos
		Kanopus-VO №2	Roscosmos	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
Q1 (TBD) [31] [32]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		Sentinel-3C	ESA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		Third Sentinel-3 satellite.
Q1 (TBD) [33]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth	TBA
		Small Satellites Mission Service (SSMS) #9 rideshare mission.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
April (TBD) [34]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		Rivada × 24	Rivada Space Networks	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications
		First of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
April (TBD) [35]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		SPHEREx	NASA	Low Earth (SSO)	Near-infrared astronomy
		PUNCH	NASA	Low Earth (SSO)	Heliophysics
April (TBD) [36]	Falcon 9 Block 5			TBA		SpaceX
		TRACERS	NASA	Low Earth (SSO)	Magnetospheric research
		TRACERS is part of NASA's Small Explorers program, with a launch readiness date of 13 April 2025. [37]
April (TBD) [38]	Rocket 4			TBA		Astra Space
		TBA	U.S. Space Force	TBA	TBA
		STP-S29B mission.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
May (TBD) [39] [40]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg		SpaceX
		TSIS-2	NASA / LASP	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance Sensor-2. Hosted on a General Atomics Orbital Test Bed (OTB) satellite platform. [41]
May (TBD) [14]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg		SpaceX
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth	TBA
		Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to a 45-degree mid-inclination orbit, designated Bandwagon-4.
May (TBD) [5]	Long March 3B			Xichang		CASC
		Tianwen-2	CNSA	Heliocentric	Asteroid sample-return Comet orbiter
		Formerly known as ZhengHe.
May (TBD) [42]	Minotaur IV			TBA		Northrop Grumman
		EWS OD-1	U.S. Space Force	Low Earth	Technology demonstration
		USSF-261S-A mission.
May (TBD) [43] [44]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		SMILE	CAS / ESA	Highly elliptical	Earth observation
May (TBD) [45] [46]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7	SDA	Low Earth	Missile tracking
		First of four launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
June (TBD) [47]	Antares 330			MARS LP-0A		Northrop Grumman
		Cygnus NG-23	NASA	Low Earth (ISS)	ISS logistics
		First flight of the Antares 330 variant.
June (TBD) [13]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg		SpaceX
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth (SSO)	TBA
		Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-14.
June (TBD) [45] [46]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7	SDA	Low Earth	Missile tracking
		Second of four launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1.
June (TBD) [48]	TBA			Kourou		Arianespace
		⚀ ESP-MACCS / CubeMAP × 3	ESA	Low Earth (SSO)	Atmospheric research
		First mission of the ESA Scout program.
Q2 (TBD) [31]	Ariane 62			Kourou ELA-4		Arianespace
		Metop-SG A1 [50]	EUMETSAT	Low Earth (SSO)	Meteorology
		First of six MetOp-SG launches. [51]
Q2 (TBD) [34]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		Rivada × 24	Rivada Space Networks	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications
		Second of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
Q2 (TBD) [34]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		Rivada × 24	Rivada Space Networks	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications
		Third of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
Q2 (TBD) [33]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth (SSO)	TBA
		SSMS #7 rideshare mission.
Mid 2025 (TBD) [52]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Kennedy		SpaceX
		KuiperSat × ?	Kuiper Systems	Low Earth	Communications
		First of three Falcon 9 launches for Project Kuiper.
Mid 2025 (TBD) [53]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		ALTIUS	ESA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		FLEX	ESA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		FLEX is the eighth Earth Explorer of the Living Planet Programme.
Mid 2025 (TBD) [54]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		Bangabandhu-2	SPARRSO	Low Earth	Earth observation
H1 2025 (TBD) [55] [56]	Ariane 64			Kourou ELA-4		Arianespace
		MTG-S1 [58]	EUMETSAT	Geosynchronous	Meteorology
		MTG-S1 will host Sentinel-4 instruments.
H1 2025 (TBD) [59] [60]	Atlas V 551		AV-100	Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		ViaSat-3 EMEA [61]	ViaSat	Geosynchronous	Communications
H1 2025 (TBD) [62]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		TBA	NASA	TLI to lunar surface	Lunar lander
		Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) mission delivering payloads to the Gruithuisen Domes.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
July (TBD) [45] [46]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7	SDA	Low Earth	Missile tracking
		Third of four launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
August (TBD) [63]	Falcon 9 Block 5			TBA		SpaceX
		Haven-1	Vast	Low Earth	Space habitat
		Single-module commercial space station.
August (TBD) [64] [65]	Kinetica 2			TBA		CAS Space
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth	TBA
		Maiden launch of Kinetica 2.
August (TBD) [45] [46]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		Tracking Layer Tranche 1 × 7	SDA	Low Earth	Missile tracking
		Last of four launches for the Space Development Agency's Tracking Layer Tranche 1.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
September (TBD) [66]	SLS Block 1			Kennedy LC-39B		NASA
		Artemis 2	NASA	Lunar free-return	Crewed lunar flyby
		First crewed test flight of SLS and Orion.
Q3 (TBD) [3] [67]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		Space Rider	ESA	Low Earth	Flight test
		First test flight of ESA's Space Rider uncrewed spaceplane.
Q3 (TBD) [33]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth (SSO)	TBA
		SSMS #13 rideshare mission.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
October (TBD) [13]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg		SpaceX
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth (SSO)	TBA
		Dedicated SmallSat Rideshare mission to sun-synchronous orbit, designated Transporter-15.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
November (TBD) [68] [69]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Vandenberg		SpaceX
		FORMOSAT-8B	TASA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
November (TBD) [70]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		Sentinel-6B	NASA / NOAA / EUMETSAT / ESA	Low Earth	Earth observation
November (TBD) [71]	Falcon Heavy			Kennedy LC-39A		SpaceX
		Power and Propulsion Element (PPE)	NASA	Selenocentric (NRHO)	Lunar Gateway component
		Habitation and Logistics Outpost (HALO)	NASA	Selenocentric (NRHO)	Lunar Gateway component
		First two Lunar Gateway modules. NASA originally intended to launch them on two separate Falcon Heavies, [1] but later switched to a single Falcon Heavy launch to reduce risk.
November (TBD) [72]	PSLV			Satish Dhawan		ISRO
		Oceansat-3A [74]	ISRO	Low Earth (SSO)	Oceanography
November (TBD) [72]	PSLV			Satish Dhawan		ISRO
		Resourcesat-3	ISRO	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
November (TBD) [75] [76]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		PLATiNO-2 / MAIA	ASI / JPL	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		MAIA is a hosted instrument on the PLATiNO-2 satellite.
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
24 December [77] [78]	Irtysh / DM-SLB			Baikonur Site 45/1		Roscosmos
		Dummy satellite	Roscosmos	Low Earth	Flight test
		First launch of Irtysh, also known as Soyuz-5. A dummy payload matching a future satellite in weight and size will be launched.
December (TBD) [79] [80]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		CAS500-5	KARI / Ministry of Science and ICT / Ministry of Environment	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		Fifth CAS500 satellite, dedicated to observation of water resources. [81]
Q4 (TBD) [82] [83]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Kennedy		SpaceX
		CHORUS C	MDA	Low Earth	Earth observation
		CHORUS X	MDA	Low Earth	Earth observation
Q4 (TBD) [84] [85]	SL1			Esrange		HyImpulse
		Reentry capsule [85]	In Orbit Aerospace	Low Earth	Technology demonstration
		Maiden flight of HyImpulse's SL1. HyImpulse is a spinoff of DLR. [86]
Q4 (TBD) [87]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		IRIDE × ?	ASI	Low Earth	Earth observation
		First launch for the Italian IRIDE satellite constellation.
Q4 (TBD) [87]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		IRIDE × ?	ASI	Low Earth	Earth observation
		Second launch for the Italian IRIDE satellite constellation.
Q4 (TBD) [88] [89]	Vulcan Centaur			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		GPS III-09 Onizuka	U.S. Space Force	Medium Earth	Navigation
		Named after NASA astronaut Ellison Onizuka.
Q4 (TBD) [90]	TBA			TBA		Roscosmos
		Ekspress-RV1	RSCC	Highly elliptical	Communications
		First satellite of the Ekspress-RV constellation. Ekspress-RV will cover Russia's Far North, which is inaccessible to the main Ekspress constellation in geosynchronous orbit. [91] [92]
Q4 (TBD) [62]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		TBA	NASA	TLI to lunar surface	Lunar lander
		CLPS mission delivering payloads to the lunar south pole. ESA's Package for Resource Observation and in-Situ Prospecting for Exploration, Commercial exploitation, and Transportation (PROSPECT) payload will fly on this mission.
Q4 (TBD) [93]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canevral or Kennedy		SpaceX
		Intelsat 42	Intelsat	Geosynchronous	Communications
		Intelsat 43	Intelsat	Geosynchronous	Communications
← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →
2025 (TBD) [94] [95]	Angara A5 / DM-03 [96]			Plesetsk		Roscosmos
		Luch-5M 1 [97]	Gonets Satellite System	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [94] [95]	Angara A5 / DM-03 [96]			Vostochny Site 1A		Roscosmos
		Luch-5VM [97]	Gonets Satellite System	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [98] [99]	Ariane 62			Kourou ELA-4		Arianespace
		Galileo FOC FM29	ESA	Medium Earth	Navigation
		Galileo FOC FM30	ESA	Medium Earth	Navigation
2025 (TBD) [98] [99]	Ariane 62			Kourou ELA-4		Arianespace
		Galileo FOC FM31	ESA	Medium Earth	Navigation
		Galileo FOC FM32	ESA	Medium Earth	Navigation
2025 (TBD) [99]	Ariane 62			Kourou ELA-4		Arianespace
		Galileo FOC FM33	ESA	Medium Earth	Navigation
		Galileo FOC FM34	ESA	Medium Earth	Navigation
		Final batch of first generation Galileo-FOC satellites.
2025 (TBD) [100]	Ariane 64			Kourou ELA-4		Arianespace
		Intelsat 41	Intelsat	Geosynchronous	Communications
		Intelsat 44	Intelsat	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [98] [101]	Ariane 64			Kourou ELA-4		Arianespace
		Optus-11	Optus	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [98] [102]	Ariane 64			Kourou ELA-4		Arianespace
		Uhura-1 (Node-1) [104]	Skyloom	Geosynchronous	Communications
		Rideshare mission. [105]
2025 (TBD) [106]	Ariane 6			Kourou ELA-4		Arianespace
		Galileo G2 1	ESA	Medium Earth	Navigation
		First Galileo Second Generation (G2) satellite launch. [107]
2025 (TBD) [108]	Ariane 6			Kourou ELA-4		Arianespace
		Hellas Sat 5	Hellas Sat	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [109] [110]	Cyclone-4M			Spaceport Nova Scotia		MLS
		TBA	GALAXIA Mission Systems	Low Earth	Ship tracking
		First Cyclone-4M launch.
2025 (TBD) [111]	Dauntless			Cape Canaveral SLC-13 [112]		Vaya Space
			Vaya Space	Low Earth	Flight test
		Maiden flight of Dauntless.
2025 (TBD) [113] [114]	Electron			Mahia LC-1A		Rocket Lab
		LOXSAT1	Eta Space	Low Earth (SSO)	Propellant depot Technology demonstration
JFY 2025 (TBD) [115]	Epsilon S			Uchinoura		JAXA
		DESTINY+	JAXA	Heliocentric	Asteroid flyby
		Will flyby 3200 Phaethon in 2029.
2025 (TBD) [116]	Epsilon S			Uchinoura		JAXA
		Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration-4	JAXA	Low Earth	Technology demonstration
		Part of JAXA's Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration Program.
2025 (TBD) [117]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		CAS500-2	KAI	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		CAS500-4 [81]	KARI / Ministry of Science and ICT / MAFRA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [118]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Kennedy		SpaceX
		Globalstar M104–120 [120]	Globalstar	Low Earth	Communications
		Launch of 17 satellites for Globalstar's third-generation constellation.
2025 (TBD) [52]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Kennedy		SpaceX
		KuiperSat × ?	Kuiper Systems	Low Earth	Communications
		Second of three Falcon 9 launches for Project Kuiper.
2025 (TBD) [52]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Kennedy		SpaceX
		KuiperSat × ?	Kuiper Systems	Low Earth	Communications
		Last of three Falcon 9 launches for Project Kuiper.
Q4 (TBD) [121] [122]	Falcon 9 Block 5			TBA		SpaceX
		Mission Possible	The Exploration Company	Low Earth	Technology demonstration
		Demonstration mission of the Nyx reusable spacecraft. A splashdown recovery of the prototype will be attempted.
2025 (TBD) [123] [124]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Kennedy		SpaceX
		O3b mPOWER 9 (O3b FM29)	SES S.A.	Medium Earth	Communications
		O3b mPOWER 10 (O3b FM30)	SES S.A.	Medium Earth	Communications
		O3b mPOWER 11 (O3b FM31)	SES S.A.	Medium Earth	Communications
H2 2025 (TBD) [34]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		Rivada × 24	Rivada Space Networks	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications
		Fourth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD) [34]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		Rivada × 24	Rivada Space Networks	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications
		Fifth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD) [34]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		Rivada × 24	Rivada Space Networks	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications
		Sixth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD) [34]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		Rivada × 24	Rivada Space Networks	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications
		Seventh of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
H2 2025 (TBD) [34]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Vandenberg SLC-4E		SpaceX
		Rivada × 24	Rivada Space Networks	Low Earth (SSO)	Communications
		Eighth of twelve launches for Rivada Space Networks' 300-satellite constellation.
2025 (TBD) [125]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Kennedy		SpaceX
		Skynet 6A	Airbus Defence and Space / UK Ministry of Defence	Geosynchronous	Military communications
2025 (TBD) [126]	Falcon 9 Block 5			Cape Canaveral or Kennedy		SpaceX
		SpainSat NG II	Hisdesat	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [63]	Falcon 9 Block 5			TBA		SpaceX
		Vast-1	Vast	Low Earth (Haven-1)	Private spaceflight
		First crewed mission to Vast's Haven-1 commercial space station.
2025 (TBD) [127]	Gravity-2			TBA		Orienspace
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth	TBA
		Maiden flight of Gravity-2.
2025 (TBD) [128] [129]	GSLV Mk II			Satish Dhawan		ISRO
		GSAT-7B	ISRO	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [130] [129]	GSLV Mk II			Satish Dhawan SLP		ISRO
		GSAT-7C	ISRO	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [128] [129]	GSLV Mk II			Satish Dhawan		ISRO
		GSAT-7R	ISRO	Geosynchronous	Communications
		Will eventually replace GSAT-7.
2025 (TBD) [129]	GSLV Mk II			Satish Dhawan		ISRO
		GSAT-32	ISRO	Geosynchronous	Communications
		Planned replacement for GSAT-6A. [131]
2025 (TBD) [132]	GSLV Mk II			Satish Dhawan		ISRO
		IDRSS-1 (CMS-04)	ISRO	Geosynchronous	Communications
		First of two Satellite for Indian Data Relay satellite System.
2025 (TBD) [132]	GSLV Mk II			Satish Dhawan		ISRO
		IDRSS-2	ISRO	Geosynchronous	Communications
		Second of two Satellite for Indian Data Relay satellite System.
2025 (TBD) [4]	HLVM 3			Satish Dhawan SLP		ISRO
		Gaganyaan-4	ISRO	Low Earth	Crewed spaceflight
		India's first crewed spaceflight.
2025 (TBD) [133]	Hyperbola-3			Jiuquan LA-4		i-Space
			i-Space	Low Earth	Flight test
		Maiden flight of Hyperbola-3.
JFY2025 (TBD) [116] [134]	H3			Tanegashima LA-Y2		MHI
		ETS-9 (Kiku 9)	JAXA / NICT	Geosynchronous	Communications Technology demonstration
		ETS-9 will carry the High Speed Communication with Advanced Laser Instrument (HICALI), which will demonstrate 10 Gbps laser communications between geosynchronous orbit and ground-stations. [135] [136]
2025 (TBD) [116]	H3-24L			Tanegashima LA-Y2		MHI
		HTV-X1	JAXA	Low Earth (ISS)	ISS logistics Technology demonstration
		⚀ Ten-Koh 2 [138]	Nihon University	Low Earth	Magnetosphere observation / Technology demonstration
		First HTV-X resupply mission.
JFY2025 (TBD) [116]	H3			Tanegashima LA-Y2		MHI
		QZS-6 (Michibiki-6)	CAO	Tundra	Navigation
JFY2025 (TBD) [116]	H3			Tanegashima LA-Y2		MHI
		QZS-7 (Michibiki-7)	CAO	Tundra	Navigation
2025 (TBD) [139]	Long March 2C			Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		HaiYang 1E [140] [142]	Ministry of Natural Resources	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [139]	Long March 2C			Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		HaiYang 1F [144] [140]	Ministry of Natural Resources	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [145]	Long March 2C		2C-Y?	Jiuquan SLS-2		CASC
		Siwei Gaojing 1-05 (SuperView Neo 1-05)		Low Earth	Earth Observation
		Siwei Gaojing 1-06 (SuperView Neo 1-06)		Low Earth	Earth Observation
2025 (TBD) [146]	Long March 2C		2C-Y?	Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		Siwei Gaojing 2-03 (SuperView Neo 2-03)		Low Earth	Earth Observation
		Siwei Gaojing 2-04 (SuperView Neo 2-04)		Low Earth	Earth Observation
2025 (TBD) [147]	Long March 3B			TBA		CASC
		Asteroid impactor	CNSA	Heliocentric	Asteroid redirect test
		Asteroid orbiter	CNSA	Heliocentric	Asteroid flyby
		Planetary defense mission, targeting 2019 VL5.
2025 (TBD) [148]	Long March 3B / YZ-1			Xichang		CASC
		BeiDou-3 M29 (Beidou-60)	CNSA	Medium Earth	Navigation
		BeiDou-3 M30 (Beidou-61)	CNSA	Medium Earth	Navigation
2025 (TBD) [149]	Long March 3B/E (?)			Xichang or Wenchang		CASC
		Fengyun 4C [151]	CMA	Geosynchronous	Meteorology
2025 (TBD) [149]	Long March 3B/E			TBA		CASC
		Fengyun 4 MW	CMA	Geosynchronous	Meteorology
		Fengyun 4 Microwave prototype satellite.
2025 (TBD) [139]	Long March 4B			Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		HaiYang 2E [153]	Ministry of Natural Resources	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [139]	Long March 4B			Jiuquan SLS-2		CASC
		HaiYang 2F [156] [155]	Ministry of Natural Resources	Low Earth	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [139]	Long March 4B			Jiuquan SLS-2		CASC
		HaiYang 2G [159] [160]	Ministry of Natural Resources	Low Earth	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [139]	Long March 4B			Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		HaiYang 2H [162]	Ministry of Natural Resources	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [139]	Long March 4B			Jiuquan SLS-2		CASC
		HaiYang 2L [155]	Ministry of Natural Resources	Low Earth	Earth observation
		Ocean Wind and Wave Observation Satellite.
2025 (TBD) [163]	Long March 4B		4B-Y?	Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		Ziyuan-III 04		Low Earth	Earth Observation
2024 (TBD) [164] [165]	Long March 4C			Taiyuan LC-9		CASC
		Fengyun 3H [167]	CMA	Low Earth (SSO)	Meteorology
2025 (TBD) [139]	Long March TBA			TBA		CASC
		HaiYang 3D [169]	Ministry of Natural Resources	Geosynchronous	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [170] [171]	Long March TBA			TBA		CASC
		VeneSat-2 (Guaicaipuro)	ABAE	Geosynchronous	Communications
		Replacement for Venesat-1. Named after Guaicaipuro.
2025 (TBD) [172]	Hera II			Boeing C-17 Globemaster III, Prestwick Spaceport		Astraius
		⚀ Lemur-2 × ? [174]	Spire Global	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		Maiden flight of Astraius's Hera II launch vehicle. [175]
H2 2025 (TBD) [176]	Maia			Kourou		MaiaSpace
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth	TBA
		Maiden flight of Maia.
2025 (TBD) [177]	MLV			MARS LP-0A		Firefly
			Firefly	Low Earth	Flight test
		Maiden flight of Firefly's Medium Launch Vehicle (MLV), previously known as Firefly Beta.
2025 (TBD) [178]	Nova			Cape Canaveral LC-14		Stoke Space
			Stoke Space	Low Earth	Flight test
		Maiden flight of Nova.
2025 (TBD) [179]	Prime			Sutherland		Orbex
		Dedicated rideshare mission	TriSept	Low Earth	Satellite dispenser
2025 (TBD) [180]	Prime			Sutherland		Orbex
		Faraday-2b	In-Space Missions	Low Earth	Technology demonstration
2025 (TBD) [181]	Proton-M / Briz-M [182]			Baikonur		Roscosmos
		Yamal-501	Gazprom Space Systems	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [183] [184]	RFA One			Andøya		RFA
		⚀ E.T.PACK	SENER Aeroespacial / UC3M	Low Earth	Electrodynamic tether demonstration
2025 (TBD) [185]	RFA One			Andøya		RFA
		Harmony 1	Plus Ultra	Selenocentric	Lunar communications
		First of eight satellites for Harmony, Plus Ultra's lunar communications and navigation constellation.
2025 (TBD) [186]	RFA One			Andøya		RFA
		SUPREME	Neutron Star Systems	Low Earth	Technology demonstration
2025 (TBD) [187]	RFA One			Andøya		RFA
		TBA	LuxSpace	Low Earth	TBA
		Dedicated launch contract for LuxSpace.
2025 (TBD) [188]	RFA One			Andøya		RFA
		TBA	OHB Cosmos	Low Earth	TBA
		Dedicated launch contract for OHB Cosmos.
2025 (TBD) [189]	RFA One			Andøya		RFA
		TBA	OHB Sweden	Low Earth	TBA
		Dedicated launch contract for OHB Sweden.
2025 (TBD) [190] [191]	Rocket 4			TBA		Astra
		⚀ Flock-4 × ?	Planet Labs	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		Multi-launch mission for Planet Labs.
2025 (TBD) [190] [192]	Rocket 4			TBA		Astra
		⚀ Lemur-2 × ?	Spire Global	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [193]	SL1			Esrange		HyImpulse
		ION Satellite Carrier	D-Orbit	Low Earth (SSO)	CubeSat deployer
2025 (TBD) [194]	Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat			Vostochny Site 1S		Roscosmos
		Kondor-FKA-M №1 [196]	Roscosmos	Low Earth	Reconnaissance
2025 (TBD) [197]	Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat			Baikonur		Roscosmos
		Arktika-M №3 [199]	Roscosmos	Molniya	Meteorology
2025 (TBD) [200]	Soyuz-2.1b			Vostochny Site 1S		Roscosmos
		Gonets-M	Gonets Satellite System	Low Earth	Communications
		Gonets-M	Gonets Satellite System	Low Earth	Communications
		Gonets-M	Gonets Satellite System	Low Earth	Communications
		BLITS-M2 × 2	Roscosmos	Medium Earth	Laser ranging
		GLASS × 2	Roscosmos	Medium Earth	Laser ranging
2025 (TBD) [201]	Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat			Vostochny Site 1S		Roscosmos
		Meteor-M №2-6 [203]	Roscosmos	Low Earth (SSO)	Meteorology
2025 (TBD) [204]	Soyuz-2.1b			Baikonur Site 31/6		Roscosmos
		Resurs-P №5 [205]	Roscosmos	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [206]	Soyuz-2.1b			Vostochny Site 1S		Roscosmos
		Resurs-PM №1 [208]	Roscosmos	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [206]	Soyuz-2.1b			Vostochny Site 1S		Roscosmos
		Resurs-PM №2 [210]	Roscosmos	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [181] [211]	Soyuz-2.1b			Baikonur or Vostochny [211]		Roscosmos
		Smotr-1	Gazprom Space Systems	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		First optical satellite of the Smotr Earth observation system. [181] [212]
2025 (TBD) [213]	Soyuz-2			TBA		Roscosmos
		SR NET №1	SR Space	Low Earth (SSO)	Communication
2025 (TBD) [214]	Soyuz-6			Baikonur Site 1/5		Roscosmos
		TBA	Roscosmos	Low Earth	Flight test
		First flight of the Soyuz-6.
2025 (TBD) [215]	Starship			TBA		SpaceX
		Starship HLS	SpaceX	TLI to lunar surface	Lunar lander Technology demonstration
		Uncrewed Starship HLS lunar landing demonstration.
2025 (TBD) [216] [217]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		CO3D × 4 [219]	CNES	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [220] [221]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		CSG-3	ASI	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
		Third COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Generation satellite.
2025 (TBD) [222]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		EAGLE-1	SES S.A.	Low Earth	Quantum key distribution
2025 (TBD) [223] [224]	Vega-C			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		MicroCarb [226]	CNES / UKSA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [227] [228]	Vega-C [229]			Kourou ELV		Arianespace
		SHALOM	ASI / ISA	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
H2 2025 (TBD) [230] [89]	Vulcan Centaur			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		OPIR-1	U.S. Space Force	Geosynchronous	Early warning
		USSF-57 mission. [231] First satellite of the Next-Gen Overhead Persistent Infrared (OPIR) constellation, follow-up of SBIRS.
2025 (TBD) [232]	Vulcan Centaur			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		PTS-P	Northrop Grumman	Geosynchronous	Technology demonstration
		On-orbit demonstration mission for the U.S. Space Force's Protected Tactical Satcom (PTS) program.
2025 (TBD) [233]	Vulcan Centaur			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		USSF-16	U.S. Space Force	TBA	TBA
2025 (TBD) [233]	Vulcan Centaur			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		USSF-23	U.S. Space Force	TBA	TBA
2025 (TBD) [233]	Vulcan Centaur			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		USSF-43	U.S. Space Force	TBA	TBA
2025 (TBD) [234] [235]	Vulcan Centaur VC4			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		USSF-112	U.S. Space Force	TBA	Reconnaissance
2025 (TBD) [233] [236]	Vulcan Centaur			Cape Canaveral SLC-41		ULA
		WGS-11+	U.S. Space Force	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [237]	Zephyr			SaxaVord		Latitude
			Latitude	Low Earth	Flight test
		Maiden flight of Zephyr. [238]
2025 (TBD) [239]	Zero			Taiki Spaceport		Interstellar Technologies
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth	TBA
		Maiden flight of the Zero orbital launch vehicle.
2025 (TBD) [240]	Zhuque-3		Y1	TBA		LandSpace
		TBA	TBA	Low Earth	TBA
		Maiden flight of the Zhuque-3 orbital launch vehicle.
2025 (TBD) [241]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		ARSAT SG-1	ARSAT	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [242]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		Astra 1Q / SES-25	SES S.A.	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [243]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		Beresheet 2 orbiter	SpaceIL / ISA	Selenocentric	Lunar orbiter
		Beresheet 2 lander 1	SpaceIL / ISA	Selenocentric to lunar surface	Lunar lander
		Beresheet 2 lander 2	SpaceIL / ISA	Selenocentric to lunar surface	Lunar lander
2025 (TBD) [244] [245]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		Beyond 5G	NSPO / ITRI	Low Earth	Communications
2025 (TBD) [91] [246]	TBA			Baikonur or Vostochny		Roscosmos
		Ekspress-AMU5	RSCC	Geosynchronous	Communications
2025 (TBD) [247]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		ELSA-m	Astroscale	Low Earth	Space debris removal Technology demonstration
		Aims to capture and de-orbit a defunct OneWeb satellite.
2025 (TBD) [248]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		LSAS lander	OHB / IAI	Selenocentric	Lunar lander
		TBA	TBA	Geosynchronous	Communications
		First mission under the Lunar Surface Access Service (LSAS) program, a joint initiative between OHB and IAI. Will rideshare alongside a commercial geostationary satellite. [249]
2025 (TBD) [250]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		MULA	PhilSA / UP Diliman / DOST-ASTI	Low Earth (SSO)	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [251]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		QEYSSat	IQC / CSA	Low Earth	QKD technology demonstration
H2 2025 (TBD) [252]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		SBN-1 × 6	Saturn Satellite Networks	Geosynchronous	Communications
		Space Broadband Networks-1 (SBN-1).
2025 (TBD) [253]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		SES-26	SES S.A.	Geosynchronous	Communications
		Replacement for NSS-12.
2025 (TBD) [254] [255]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		SpaceEye-T	Satrec Initiative	Low Earth	Earth observation
2025 (TBD) [256]	TBA			TBA		TBA
		Thaicom 9	Thaicom	Geosynchronous	Communications
		TBA × 2	Apco Networks	Geosynchronous	Communications
		TBA	Orbits Corp	Geosynchronous	Communications
		TBA	TBA	Geosynchronous	Communications
		Astranis Block 3 mission carrying five MicroGEO satellites.

← Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec →

Suborbital flights

Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Flight number	Launch site		LSP
		Payload (⚀ = CubeSat)	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
		Remarks
21 January [257]	Black Brant IX			Poker Flat Research Range		NASA
		AURORA (BADAS)	Goddard Space Flight Center	Suborbital
		Black and Diffuse Aurora Science Surveyor (BADAS).
21 January [257]	Black Brant IX			Poker Flat Research Range		NASA
		GIRAFF	Goddard Space Flight Center	Suborbital	Auroral electrodynamics
		First of two launches for the Ground Imaging to Rocket investigation of Auroral Fast Features (GIRAFF) mission.
21 January [257]	Black Brant IX			Poker Flat Research Range		NASA
		GIRAFF	Goddard Space Flight Center	Suborbital	Auroral electrodynamics
		Second of two launches for the GIRAFF mission.
January (TBD) [258]	Improved Malemute			Esrange		TBA
		ORIGIN [259]	KTH	Suborbital	Nightglow observation
		First flight of the ORIGIN launch campaign.
January (TBD) [258]	Improved Malemute			Esrange		TBA
		ORIGIN [259]	KTH	Suborbital	Nightglow observation
		Second flight of the ORIGIN launch campaign.
3 March [257]	Terrier-Improved Malemute			Poker Flat Research Range		NASA
		AWESOME	University of Alaska Fairbanks	Suborbital	Auroral science
		First of three launches for the Auroral Waves Excited by Substorm Onset Magnetic Events (AWESOME) mission.
3 March [257]	Terrier-Improved Malemute			Poker Flat Research Range		NASA
		AWESOME	University of Alaska Fairbanks	Suborbital	Auroral science
		Second of three launches for the AWESOME mission.
3 March [257]	Black Brant XII-A			Poker Flat Research Range		NASA
		AWESOME	University of Alaska Fairbanks	Suborbital	Auroral science
		Third of three launches for the AWESOME mission.
March (TBD) [258]	Improved Orion			Esrange		MORABA / SNSA
		REXUS-33	DLR / SNSA	Suborbital	Education
March (TBD) [258]	Improved Orion			Esrange		MORABA / SNSA
		REXUS-34	DLR / SNSA	Suborbital	Education
March (TBD) [260] [261]	VS-50		V01	Alcântara		IAE
			IAE	Suborbital	Flight test
		Suborbital flight for the qualification of the S50 engine for the VLM-1 orbital launch vehicle.
Q1 (TBD) [262]	HASTE			MARS LC-2		Rocket Lab
		DART AE	Hypersonix	Suborbital	Technology demonstration
		First of four contracted launches for Leidos.
13 June [257]	Terrier-Improved Malemute			Reagan Test Site		NASA
		SEED	ERAU	Suborbital	Sporadic E observations
		Sporadic E Electrodynamics (SEED). First of two launches. [263]
13 June [257]	Terrier-Improved Malemute			Reagan Test Site		NASA
		SEED	ERAU	Suborbital	Sporadic E observations
		Sporadic E Electrodynamics (SEED). Second of two launches. [263]
23 June [257]	Black Brant IX			White Sands Missile Range		NASA
		VERIS-2	Naval Research Laboratory	Suborbital	Solar observation
28 July [257]	Terrier-Improved Malemute			Wallops Flight Facility		NASA
		SubTEC-10	NASA	Suborbital	Technology demonstration
September (TBD) [258]	Red Kite/Impr. Malemute			Esrange		MORABA
		MAPHEUS-16	DLR	Suborbital	Microgravity research
October (TBD) [258]	VSB-30		S1X-5/M17	Esrange		SSC
		MASER-17	SSC	Suborbital	Microgravity research
		SubOrbital Express Microgravity flight opportunity 17.
October (TBD) [258]	VSB-30			Esrange		MORABA
		TEXUS-61	DLR / ESA	Suborbital	Microgravity research
13 November [257]	Black Brant XII-A			Andøya		NASA
		RENU 3	University of New Hampshire	Suborbital	Magnetospheric research
		Rocket Experiment for Neutral Upwelling (RENU) 3.
24 November [257]	Terrier-Improved Malemute			Andøya		NASA
		GHOST	University of Colorado	Suborbital	Education
		Grand cHallenge MesOsphere Student rockeT (GHOST).
November (TBD) [258]	Black Brant V			Esrange		SSC
		SYSTER [265]	KTH	Suborbital	Thermospheric research

Deep-space rendezvous

Date (UTC)	Spacecraft	Event	Remarks
9 January	BepiColombo	Sixth gravity assist at Mercury
20 April	Lucy	Flyby of asteroid 52246 Donaldjohanson	Target altitude 922 km
31 August	JUICE	Gravity assist at Venus
5 December	BepiColombo	Hermocentric orbit insertion at Mercury

Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

Start Date/Time	Duration	End Time	Spacecraft	Crew	Remarks

Orbital launch statistics

By country

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket.

Country	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks

By rocket

By family

Family	Country	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks

By type

Rocket	Country	Family	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks

By configuration

Rocket	Country	Type	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks

By spaceport

Site	Country	Launches	Successes	Failures	Partial failures	Remarks

By orbit

Orbital regime	Launches	Achieved	Not achieved	Accidentally achieved	Remarks
Transatmospheric	0	0	0	0
Low Earth	0	0	0	0
Geosynchronous / transfer	0	0	0	0
Medium Earth	0	0	0	0
High Earth	0	0	0	0
Heliocentric orbit	0	0	0	0	Including planetary transfer orbits

Expected maiden flights

• Cyclone-4M – Yuzhnoye – Ukraine ^[109]
• Gravity-2 – Orienspace – China ^[127]
• Hera-II – Astraius – UK
• Hyperbola-3 – i-Space – China ^[133]
• Irtysh – TsSKB Progress – Russia – December 2025 ^[77]
• Kinetica 2 – CAS Space – China - August 2025 ^[64]
• Maia – MaiaSpace – Europe ^[176]
• MLV – Firefly Aerospace – USA ^[177]
• Nova – Stoke Space – USA ^[178]
• SL1 – HyImpulse – Germany ^[84]
• Zhuque-3 – LandSpace – China ^[240]
• Dauntless – Vaya Space - USA ^[266]
• Daytona I – Phantom Space Corporation – USA ^[267]

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External links

• Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
• Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
• Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.^{[ dead link ]}
• Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
• Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
• McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
• Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
• Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
• Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
• Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
• "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
• "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
• "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.^{[ dead link ]}
• "Space Information Center". JAXA.^{[ dead link ]}
• "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).

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