1993 in spaceflight

Last updated

1993 in spaceflight
Astronauts Musgrave and Hoffman during final STS-61 EVA (28127832695).jpg
Orbital launches
First12 January
Last22 December
Total83
Successes77
Failures4
Partial failures2
National firsts
Satellite Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil
Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal
Rockets
Maiden flights Ariane 4 42L
Atlas IIAS
PSLV
Start-1
Crewed flights
Orbital9
Total travellers47

The following is an outline of 1993 in spaceflight.

Contents

First Hubble repair mission

Musgrave being raised to the top of Hubble by Canadarm, as it sits in Endeavour's payload bay. STS061-98-050 - Astronauts Musgrave and Hoffman during servicing of HST (Retouched).jpg
Musgrave being raised to the top of Hubble by Canadarm, as it sits in Endeavour's payload bay.
STS-61 was NASA's first Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission, and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle Endeavour. The mission launched on December 2, 1993, from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida. The mission restored the spaceborne observatory's vision (marred by spherical aberration in its mirror) with the installation of a new main camera and a corrective optics package (COSTAR). This correction occurred more than three and a half years after the Hubble was launched aboard STS-31 in April 1990. The flight also brought instrument upgrades and new solar arrays to the telescope. With its very heavy workload, the STS-61 mission was one of the most complex in the Shuttle's history.

Orbital launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC)Outcome
Remarks

January

12 January
11:10:17
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos-3M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 133/3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2230 (Tsikada) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbitSuccessful
13 January
01:49
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Molniya-M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 43/3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Molniya-1-85 MOM Molniya Communications 15 November 2005Successful
13 January
13:59:30 [1]
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Endeavour [2] Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39B Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg STS-54 NASA Low EarthSatellite deployment19 January
13:37:47
Successful
Flag of the United States.svg TDRS-6 (TDRS-F)NASA Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts
19 January
14:49:01
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 43/3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2231 (Yantar-4K2-66)MOMLow Earth Reconnaissance 25 MarchSuccessful
24 January
05:58:05
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 1/5 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz TM-16 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-13 22 JulySuccessful
Crewed orbital flight with two cosmonauts
26 January
15:55:26
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Molniya-M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 16/2 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2232 (Oko)MOMMolniyaMissile defenceIn orbitOperational

February

3 February
02:55
Flag of the United States.svg Delta II (7925) Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-17A Flag of the United States.svg McDonnell Douglas
Flag of the United States.svg USA-88 (GPS IIA-9)US Air Force Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
9 February
02:56:56
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos-3M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 133/3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2233 (Parus)MO RFLow EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational
9 February
14:30
Flag of the United States.svg Pegasus Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy Balls 8 Flag of the United States.svg Orbital Sciences
Flag of the United States.svg Orbcomm CDS-1 OrbcommLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Brazil.svg SCD-1 INPE Low EarthEnvironmentalIn orbitOperational
17 February
20:09:47
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Proton-K/DM-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 81/23 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2234 (GLONASS)MOMMedium EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2235 (GLONASS)MOMMedium EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2236 (GLONASS)MOMMedium EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational
20 February
02:20
Flag of Japan.svg Mu-3S-II Flag of Japan.svg Kagoshima LA-M1 Flag of Japan.svg ISAS
Flag of Japan.svg ASCA (ASTRO-D)ISASLow Earth Astronomy 2 March 2001Successful
21 February
18:32:33
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 1/5 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Progress M-16 RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir)Logistics27 MarchSuccessful

March

25 March
02:28
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Proton-K/DM-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 81/23 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Raduga 29 MOMGeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
25 March
13:15:27
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Start-1 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 158 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg RVSN
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg EKA MO RFLow EarthLaunch vehicle evaluation, mass simulator In orbitSuccessful
Maiden flight of Start-1
25 March
21:38
Flag of the United States.svg Atlas I Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-36B Flag of the United States.svg General Dynamics
Flag of the United States.svg UHF-1 US Navy GeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitLaunch failure
Booster engine failure left spacecraft in useless orbit
26 March
02:21
Flag of Ukraine.svg Zenit-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 45/1 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2237 (Tselina-2)MO RFLow Earth ELINT In orbitOperational
30 March
03:09
Flag of the United States.svg Delta II (7925) Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-17A Flag of the United States.svg McDonnell Douglas
Flag of the United States.svg USA-90 (GPS IIA-10)US Air ForceMedium EarthNavigationIn orbitSuccessful
Decommissioned on 24 October 2005
30 March
12:00
Flag of Ukraine.svg Tsyklon-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 90 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2238 (US-PM)MO RFLow EarthReconnaissance10 December 1994Successful
31 March
03:34:13
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 1/5 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Progress M-17 RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir)Logistics3 March 1994Successful

April

1 April
18:57:26
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos-3M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 133/3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2239 (Parus)MO RFLow EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational
2 April
14:30:01
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 16/2 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2240 (Yantar-4K2)MOMLow EarthReconnaissance7 JuneSuccessful
6 April
19:07:27
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Molniya-M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 43/4 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2241 (Oko) MOM Molniya Missile defence 8 March 2022 [4] Successful
8 April
05:29 [1]
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Discovery [5] Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39B Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg STS-56 NASALow EarthSolar astronomy17 April
11:37:19
Successful
Flag of the United States.svg Spacelab Pallet ESA/NASALow Earth (Discovery) Spacelab ATLAS-2
Flag of the United States.svg SPARTAN-201 NASALow Earth (Discovery)Solar
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts; SPARTAN deployed from Discovery on 11 April and retrieved on 13 April
16 April
07:49
Flag of Ukraine.svg Tsyklon-3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2242 (Tselina)MO RFLow EarthELINTIn orbitOperational
21 April
00:23
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Molniya-M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 43/4 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Molniya 3-57L MOMMolniyaCommunications25 January 2004Successful
25 April
13:56
Flag of the United States.svg Pegasus Flag of the United States.svg Edwards Balls 8 Flag of the United States.svg Orbital Sciences
Flag of the United States.svg Orbcomm CDS-2 (VSUME)OrbcommLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of the United States.svg Alexis STP Low EarthTechnologyIn orbitSuccessful
26 April
14:50 [1]
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Columbia [6] Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39A Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg Flag of Germany.svg STS-55 NASA/DLR Low EarthMicrogravity6 May
14:30
Successful
Flag of the United States.svg Spacelab Long Module 1 NASA/DLRLow Earth (Columbia) Spacelab D2
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
27 April
10:35
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 31/6 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2243 (Yantar-1KFT)MOMLow EarthReconnaissance6 MaySpacecraft failure
Mission aborted after six days
28 April
03:39:20
Flag of Ukraine.svg Tsyklon-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 90 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2244 (US-PM)MO RFLow EarthReconnaissance18 March 1995Successful

May

11 May
14:56:01
Flag of Ukraine.svg Tsyklon-3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2245 (Strela)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2246 (Strela)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2247 (Strela)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2248 (Strela)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2249 (Strela)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Komsos 2250 (Strela)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
12 May
00:56:32
Flag of Europe.svg Ariane 4 (42L) Flag of France.svg Kourou ELA-2 Flag of France.svg Arianespace
Flag of Luxembourg.svg Astra 1C SES Astra Geostationary CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Flag of Europe.svg Arsene (Oscar-24) RACE/AMSAT Medium EarthCommunicationsIn orbitPartial satellite failure
Maiden flight of Ariane 4 (42L); VHF transponder on Arsene failed during launch and UHF/S-band transponder failed on 6 September 1993, making satellite unusable
13 May
00:07
Flag of the United States.svg Delta II (7925) Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-17A Flag of the United States.svg McDonnell Douglas
Flag of the United States.svg USA-91 (GPS IIA-11)US Air ForceMedium EarthNavigationIn orbitSuccessful
Decommissioned on 20 December 2007
21 May
09:15:01
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 16/2 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Resurs F-17 MOMLow Earth Remote sensing 20 JuneSuccessful
22 May
06:41:47
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 1/5 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Progress M-18 RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir)Logistics4 JulySuccessful
26 May
03:23
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Molniya-M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 43/4 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Molniya 1–86 MOMMolniyaCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
27 May
01:22
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Proton-K/DM-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 81/23 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Gorizont 28 RSCC Intended: GeosynchronousCommunications27 MayLaunch Failure

June

16 June
04:17
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos-3M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 132/1 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2251 (Strela-2M)MO RFLow EarthCommunications10 February 2009Successful
Collided with Iridium 33 after retirement. [7]
21 June
13:07:22 [1]
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Endeavour [8] Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39B Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg STS-57 NASALow EarthMicrogravity1 July
12:52
Successful
Flag of the United States.svg SpaceHab LSM NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Endeavour)Scientific research
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts; Retrieved European Retrievable Carrier
24 June
04:12:41
Flag of Ukraine.svg Tsyklon-3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2252 (Strela-3)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2253 (Strela-3)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2254 (Strela-3)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2255 (Strela-3)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2256 (Strela-3)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2257 (Strela-3)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
25 June
00:18
Flag of Europe.svg Ariane 4 (42P) Flag of France.svg Kourou ELA-2 Flag of France.svg Arianespace
Flag of the United States.svg Galaxy-4H Hughes GeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
25 June
08:20
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 16/2 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Resurs F-17 MOMLow EarthRemote sensing12 JulySuccessful
25 June
23:30
Flag of the United States.svg Scout G-1 Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-5 Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg RADCAL (P92-1)US Air Force/STPLow Earth (Polar)Radar calibrationIn orbitSuccessful
26 June
13:27
Flag of the United States.svg Delta II (7925) Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-17A Flag of the United States.svg McDonnell Douglas
Flag of the United States.svg USA-92 (GPS IIA-12)US Air ForceMedium EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational
Flag of the United States.svg PMG NASALow EarthTechnologyIn orbitSuccessful

July

1 July
14:32:58
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 1/5 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz TM-17 RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir) Mir EO-14 14 January 1994Successful
Crewed orbital fight with three cosmonauts
7 July
07:15
Flag of Ukraine.svg Tsyklon-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 90 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2258 (US-PM)MO RFLow EarthReconnaissance8 June 1995Successful
14 July
16:40
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 43/3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2259 (Yantar-4K2)MOMLow EarthReconnaissance25 JulySuccessful
19 July
22:04
Flag of the United States.svg Atlas II/IABS Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-36A Flag of the United States.svg General Dynamics
Flag of the United States.svg USA-93 (DSCS IIIB-9)US Air ForceGeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
22 July
08:45
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 43/3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2260 (Zenit-8)MOMLow EarthReconnaissance5 AugustSuccessful
22 July
22:58:55
Flag of Europe.svg Ariane 4 (44L) Flag of France.svg Kourou ELA-2 Flag of France.svg Arianespace
Flag of Spain.svg Hispasat 1B Hispasat GeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Flag of India.svg INSAT-2B ISROGeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful

August

2 August
19:59
Flag of the United States.svg Titan IVA (403) Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-4E Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg SLDCOM-3 NRO Intended: Low EarthCommunicationsT+101 secondsLaunch Failure
Flag of the United States.svg NOSS-2-3A US NavyIntended: Low EarthELINT
Flag of the United States.svg NOSS-2-3B US NavyIntended: Low EarthELINT
Flag of the United States.svg NOSS-2-3C US NavyIntended: Low EarthELINT
Apogee: 33 kilometres (21 mi). One of the UA1207 solid rocket boosters exploded at T+101 seconds. Failure was attributed to damage caused by the ground crew due to an errant cut into one of the SRB segments while repairing the booster.
4 August
00:52
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Molniya-M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 43/3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Molniya-3 No.58L MOMMolniyaCommunications31 December 2013Successful
9 August
10:02
Flag of the United States.svg Atlas E Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-3W Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg NOAA-13 NOAA Sun-synchronous Weather In orbitSuccessful
10 August
14:53:45
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Molniya-M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 16/2 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2261 (Oko)MOMMolniyaMissile defenceIn orbitOperational
10 August
22:23:45
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 1/5 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Progress M-19 RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir)Logistics13 OctoberSuccessful
24 August
10:45
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 16/2 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Resurs F-19 MOMLow EarthRemote sensing10 SeptemberSuccessful
30 August
12:38
Flag of the United States.svg Delta II (7925) Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-17B Flag of the United States.svg McDonnell Douglas
Flag of the United States.svg USA-94 (GPS IIA-13)US Air ForceMedium EarthNavigationIn orbitSuccessful
Decommissioned on 1 May 2013 [9]
31 August
04:40
Flag of Ukraine.svg Tsyklon-3 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Meteor 2–21 RoskosmosLow EarthWeatherIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Italy.svg Temisat Telespazio Low EarthTechnologyIn orbitSuccessful

September

3 September
11:17
Flag of the United States.svg Atlas I Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-36B Flag of the United States.svg General Dynamics
Flag of the United States.svg USA-95 (UHF-2)US NavyGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
7 September
13:25
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 31/6 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2262 (Don)MOMLow EarthReconnaissance18 DecemberSuccessful
12 September
11:45
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Discovery Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39B Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg STS-51 NASALow EarthSatellite deployment22 September
07:56
Successful
Flag of the United States.svg Flag of Germany.svg ORFEUS-SPAS NASA/DARA Low Earth (Discovery)Astronomy
Flag of the United States.svg ACTS NASAGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts; ACTS deployed using Transfer Orbit Stage and retired on 28 April 2004
16 September
07:36:19
Flag of Ukraine.svg Zenit-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 45/1 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2263 (Tselina-2)MO RFLow EarthELINTIn orbitSuccessful
17 September
00:43:10
Flag of Ukraine.svg Tsyklon-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 90 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2264 (US-PM)MO RFLow EarthReconnaissance7 August 1995Successful
20 September
05:12
Flag of India.svg PSLV Flag of India.svg Sriharikota FLP Flag of India.svg ISRO
Flag of India.svg IRS 1E ISROIntended: Low EarthRemote sensing20 SeptemberLaunch Failure
Maiden flight of PSLV; failed to reach orbit due to guidance system malfunction
26 September
01:45
Flag of Europe.svg Ariane 4 (40) Flag of France.svg Kourou ELA-2 Flag of France.svg Arianespace
Flag of France.svg SPOT 3 Spot Image Sun-synchronousRemote sensingIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of France.svg Stella CNES Low EarthGravityIn orbitSuccessful
Healthsat-2 SatelLife Low EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of South Korea.svg Kitsat-2 KAIST Low EarthTechnologyIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Italy.svg Eyesat Interferometrics/AMSATLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Italy.svg ItamSat Interferometrics/AMSATLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Portugal.svg PoSAT-1 Low EarthTechnologyIn orbitSuccessful
SPOT 3 ceased functioning on 14 November 1997; PoSAT-1 is the first Portuguese satellite
30 September
17:05:59
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Proton-K/DM-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 81/23 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Raduga 30 MOMGeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitOperational

October

5 October
17:56
Flag of the United States.svg Titan 23G/Star-37XFP-ISS Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-4W Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg Landsat 6 NASAIntended: Low EarthRemote sensing5 OctoberLaunch Failure
Upper stage failed to ignite; Apogee: 724 kilometres (450 mi)
8 October
08:00
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Long March 2C Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Jiuquan LA-2B Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg CALT
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg FSW 1–5 CASC Low EarthReconnaissance28 OctoberSuccessful
11 October
21:33:19
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 1/5 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Progress M-20 RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir)Logistics21 NovemberSuccessful
18 October
14:53:10
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Columbia Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39B Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg STS-58 NASALow EarthMicrogravity1 NovemberSuccessful
Flag of the United States.svg Spacelab Long Module 2 NASALow Earth (Columbia) Spacelab SLS-2
Flag of the United States.svg EDO Pallet NASALow Earth (Columbia)Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
22 October
06:46
Flag of Europe.svg Ariane 4 (44LP) Flag of France.svg Kourou ELA-2 Flag of France.svg Arianespace
Flag of the United Nations.svg Intelsat 701 Intelsat GeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
26 October
10:00:04
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos-3M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 132/1 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2265 (Taifun)MO RFLow EarthRadar calibration11 August 2003Successful
28 October
15:17
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Proton-K/DM-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 81/23 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Gorizont 28 MOMGeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
28 October
17:04
Flag of the United States.svg Delta II (7925) Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-17B Flag of the United States.svg McDonnell Douglas
Flag of the United States.svg USA-96 (GPS IIA-14)US Air ForceMedium EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational

November

2 November
12:10:09
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos-3M Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Site 132/1 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2266 (Parus)MO RFLow EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational
5 November
08:25
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Soyuz-U Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 1/5 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Kosmos 2267 (Yantar-4KS1M)MOMLow EarthReconnaissance28 December 1994Successful
18 November
13:54:59
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Proton-K/DM-2 Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Baikonur Site 81/23 Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg VKS
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Gorizont 29 MOMGeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Sold to Rimsat as Rimsat-1, then to PASI as PASI-1, then to LMI as LIM-AP-1
20 November
01:17
Flag of Europe.svg Ariane 4 (44LP) Flag of France.svg Kourou ELA-2 Flag of France.svg Arianespace
Flag of Mexico.svg Solidaridad-1 Tele Mexico GeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Flag of Europe.svg Meteosat 6 EUMETSAT GeostationaryWeatherIn orbitOperational
28 November
23:40
Flag of the United States.svg Atlas II Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-36A Flag of the United States.svg General Dynamics
Flag of the United States.svg USA-97 (DSCS IIIB-10)US Air ForceGeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitOperational

December

2 December
09:27
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Endeavour Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39B Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg STS-61 NASALow Earth (HST)Satellite refurbishment (HST-SM1)13 DecemberSuccessful
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts. Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 1. Replaced two components to add corrective optics, four gyroscopes, and the solar panels, as well as central computer upgrades.
8 December
00:48
Flag of the United States.svg Delta II (7925) Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-17A Flag of the United States.svg McDonnell Douglas
Flag of the United States.svg USA-98 (NATO-4B) NATO/US Air ForceGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
16 December
00:38
Flag of the United States.svg Atlas IIAS Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-36B Flag of the United States.svg General Dynamics
Flag of the United States.svg Telstar 401 AT&T GeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Maiden flight of Atlas IIAS; Telstar 401 destroyed by a magnetic storm in 1997
18 December
01:27
Flag of Europe.svg Ariane 4 (44L) Flag of France.svg Kourou ELA-2 Flag of France.svg Arianespace
Flag of the United States.svg DBS-1 HughesGeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Flag of Thailand.svg Thaicom 1 Shin Corporation GeostationaryCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
22 December
20:37:16
Flag of Russia.svg Molniya-M Flag of Russia.svg Plesetsk Site 43/3 Flag of Russia.svg VKS
Flag of Russia.svg Molniya 1–87 MOMMolniyaCommunicationsIn orbitOperational

Suborbital launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC)Outcome
Remarks

January

27 January
10:43:41
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant XII Flag of the United States.svg Poker Flat Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg PHAZE NASA Suborbital Ionosphere In orbitFailure
Apogee: 10 kilometres (6.2 mi); Failed before reaching space
28 January Flag of the United States.svg HPB Flag of the United States.svg Wake Island Flag of the United States.svg Orbital Sciences
Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force Suborbital Reentry vehicle test28 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 400 kilometres (250 mi)

February

5 February
16:24
Flag of the United States.svg Storm Flag of the United States.svg White Sands SULF Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg US Air ForceSuborbitalBTTV-3 Validation5 FebruarySuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi);
7 February Flag of India.svg Prithvi Flag of India.svg Balasore Flag of India.svg DRDO
Flag of India.svg DRDO SuborbitalMissile test7 FebruarySuccessful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
8 February
20:00
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant IX Flag of the United States.svg White Sands LC-36 Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg NASASuborbital Solar 8 FebruarySuccessful
Apogee: 289 kilometres (180 mi)
11 February Flag of the United States.svg HPB Flag of the United States.svg Wake Island Flag of the United States.svg Orbital Sciences
Flag of the United States.svg Orbital SciencesSuborbitalRe-entry vehicle test11 FebruaryFailure
Apogee: 2 kilometres (1.2 mi)
18 February
07:00
Flag of Japan.svg S-520 Flag of Japan.svg Kagoshima LA-K Flag of Japan.svg ISAS
Flag of Japan.svg METSISASSuborbitalIonosphere and Plasma 18 FebruarySuccessful
Apogee: 272 kilometres (169 mi)
19 February
13:45
Flag of India.svg RH-560 Flag of India.svg Sriharikota Flag of India.svg ISRO
Flag of India.svg ISROSuborbitalIonosphere19 FebruarySuccessful
Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi)
19 February
13:15
Flag of India.svg RH-560 Flag of India.svg Sriharikota Flag of India.svg ISRO
Flag of India.svg ISROSuborbitalIonosphere19 FebruarySuccessful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
19 February
18:00
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant 9CM1 Flag of the United States.svg White Sands LC-36 Flag of the United States.svg Space Services Incorporated
Flag of the United States.svg CONSORT-6 SSISuborbital Microgravity 19 FebruarySuccessful
Apogee: 301 kilometres (187 mi)
25 February
13:40
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg RT-2PM Topol Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg RVSN
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg RVSNSuborbitalMissile test25 FebruarySuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
26 February
20:45
Flag of the United States.svg Polaris/STARS Flag of the United States.svg Barking Sands LC-42 Flag of the United States.svg Space Data Corporation
Flag of the United States.svg FTU-1 SDCSuborbitalTest26 FebruarySuccessful
Maiden flight of UGM-27 Polaris in STARS configuration; Apogee: 900 kilometres (560 mi)

March

2 March Flag of the United States.svg LGM-118 Peacekeeper Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg LF-02 Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg US Air ForceSuborbitalMissile test2 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
8 March
00:15
Flag of the United States.svg Nike-Orion Flag of the United States.svg White Sands Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg CWAS 29 NASASuborbital Aeronomy 8 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
10 March
13:38
Flag of the United States.svg Nike-Orion Flag of the United States.svg White Sands Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg CWAS 30 NASASuborbitalAeronomy10 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
10 March Flag of the United States.svg LGM-30G Minuteman III Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg LF-26 Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg GT-151GBUS Air ForceSuborbitalMissile test10 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
16 March
02:12:41
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant 9CM1 Flag of the United States.svg Wallops Island LA-2 Flag of the United States.svg SDIO
Flag of the United States.svg SPEAR 3 SDIOSuborbitalPlasma16 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 290 kilometres (180 mi)
22 March Flag of Brazil.svg Sonda-2 Flag of Brazil.svg Alcântara Flag of Brazil.svg INPE
Flag of Brazil.svg Maruda INPESuborbitalIonosphere research22 MarchSuccessful
Apogee: 102 kilometres (63 mi)

April

2 April
10:09
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant XII Flag of the United States.svg Poker Flat Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg Alaska 93 NASA/UCB SuborbitalIonosphere2 AprilSuccessful
Apogee: 1,425 kilometres (885 mi)
12 April
17:18
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant IX Flag of the United States.svg White Sands LC-36 Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg NIXT NASASuborbitalSolar12 AprilSuccessful
Apogee: 226 kilometres (140 mi)
17 April
09:15
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant IX Flag of the United States.svg White Sands LC-36 Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg SXT NASA/Colorado at Boulder Suborbital X-Ray astronomy 17 AprilSuccessful
Apogee: 254 kilometres (158 mi)
19 April
05:50
Flag of India.svg RH-560 Flag of India.svg Sriharikota Flag of India.svg ISRO
Flag of India.svg SPICE-3 ISROSuborbitalIonosphere19 AprilSuccessful
Apogee: 323 kilometres (201 mi)

May

1 May
05:35
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Skylark 7 Flag of Sweden.svg Esrange LA-S Flag of Germany.svg DLR
Flag of Germany.svg TEXUS 30 DLRSuborbitalMicrogravity1 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 234 kilometres (145 mi)
6 May
15:38
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant VIIIC Flag of the United States.svg Poker Flat Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg NASASuborbitalPlasma6 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 271 kilometres (168 mi)
14 May
01:10
Flag of the United States.svg Nike-Orion Flag of the United States.svg White Sands Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg CWAS-31 NASASuborbitalAeronomy14 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
19 May
00:47
Flag of the United States.svg Nike-Orion Flag of the United States.svg White Sands Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg CWAS-32 NASASuborbitalAeronomy19 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
23 May
09:17
Flag of the United States.svg LCLV Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-20 Flag of the United States.svg BMDO
Flag of the United States.svg Red Tigress 2A BMDOSuborbitalTarget23 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 378 kilometres (235 mi)
26 May
09:43
Flag of the United States.svg Nike-Orion Flag of France.svg Centre d'Essais des Landes Flag of Germany.svg DLR
DLR/Aérospatiale SuborbitalTest flight26 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
28 May
08:34
Flag of the United States.svg LCLV Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-20 Flag of the United States.svg BMDO
Flag of the United States.svg BMDOSuborbitalTarget28 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 390 kilometres (240 mi)
29 May Flag of North Korea.svg Hwaseong 6 Flag of North Korea.svg Musudan-ri Flag of North Korea.svg
SuborbitalMissile test29 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
29 May Flag of North Korea.svg Hwaseong 6 Flag of North Korea.svg Musudan-ri Flag of North Korea.svg
SuborbitalMissile test29 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
29 May Flag of North Korea.svg Rodong-1 Flag of North Korea.svg Musudan-ri Flag of North Korea.svg
SuborbitalMissile test29 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi)
30 May Flag of North Korea.svg Hwaseong 6 Flag of North Korea.svg Musudan-ri Flag of North Korea.svg
SuborbitalMissile test30 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)

June

15 June
17:30
Flag of the United States.svg LGM-30B Minuteman I Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg LF-03 Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg RSLP TDT-1US Air ForceSuborbitalTarget15 JuneLaunch failure
Apogee: 1 kilometre (0.62 mi)
16 June
04:39
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant IX Flag of the United States.svg White Sands LC-36 Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg NASASuborbitalAeronomy16 JuneSuccessful
Apogee: 253 kilometres (157 mi)
22 June Flag of the United States.svg Aries Flag of the United States.svg White Sands LC-36 Flag of the United States.svg Orbital Sciences
Flag of the United States.svg BMDOSuborbitalTechnology22 JuneSuccessful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
June Flag of India.svg Prithvi Flag of India.svg Balasore Flag of India.svg DRDO
Flag of India.svg DRDO SuborbitalMissile testL+1 hourSuccessful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)

July

2 July Flag of the United States.svg LGM-30G Minuteman III Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg LF-09 Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg GT-152GMUS Air ForceSuborbitalMissile test2 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
7 July Flag of the United States.svg UGM-133 Trident II Flag of the United States.svg USS Pennsylvania, Eastern Range Flag of the United States.svg US Navy
Flag of the United States.svg US NavySuborbitalMissile test7 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
7 July Flag of the United States.svg UGM-133 Trident II Flag of the United States.svg USS Pennsylvania, Eastern Range Flag of the United States.svg US Navy
Flag of the United States.svg US NavySuborbitalMissile test7 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
14 July
03:19
Flag of the United States.svg LGM-118 Peacekeeper Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg LF-05 Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg US Air ForceSuborbitalMissile test14 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
22 July
08:25
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant X Flag of the United States.svg Wallops Island Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg WISP-2 NASASuborbitalPlasma22 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 900 kilometres (560 mi)
23 July
08:22
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg RT-2PM Topol Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Plesetsk Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg RVSN
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg RVSNSuborbitalMissile test23 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
27 July Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant 9CM1 Flag of France.svg Centre d'Essais des Landes LA-CE Flag of France.svg Matra
Flag of France.svg BLANCMatraSuborbitalPhotography27 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
28 July
05:43
Flag of the United States.svg Viper IIIA Flag of Sweden.svg Esrange Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg NASASuborbitalAeronomy28 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 116 kilometres (72 mi)
30 July
06:19
Flag of the United States.svg Viper IIIA Flag of Sweden.svg Esrange Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg NASASuborbitalAeronomy30 JulySuccessful
Apogee: 116 kilometres (72 mi)

August

1 August
01:46
Flag of the United States.svg Nike-Orion Flag of Norway.svg Andøya NDRE
SCT-06NDRESuborbitalAeronomy1 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
2 August
00:37
Flag of the United States.svg Viper IIIA Flag of Sweden.svg Esrange Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg NASASuborbitalAeronomy2 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 110 kilometres (68 mi)
2 August
01:02
Flag of the United States.svg Nike-Orion Flag of Sweden.svg Esrange Flag of Germany.svg Flag of Sweden.svg DLR/SSC
Flag of Sweden.svg Decimals-B SSCSuborbitalAeronomy2 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 105 kilometres (65 mi)
2 August
01:24
Flag of the United States.svg Viper IIIA Flag of Sweden.svg Esrange Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg NASASuborbitalAeronomy2 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 105 kilometres (65 mi)
2 August
03:24
Flag of the United States.svg Viper IIIA Flag of Sweden.svg Esrange Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg NASASuborbitalAeronomy2 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 106 kilometres (66 mi)
2 August
05:54
Flag of the United States.svg Viper IIIA Flag of Sweden.svg Esrange Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg NASASuborbitalAeronomy2 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 107 kilometres (66 mi)
17 August
18:00
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant IX Flag of the United States.svg White Sands LC-36 Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg SERTS 93-5 NASASuborbitalSolar17 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 312 kilometres (194 mi)
20 August
18:27
Flag of the United States.svg UGM-133 Trident II Flag of the United States.svg USS Nebraska, Eastern Range Flag of the United States.svg US Navy
Flag of the United States.svg US NavySuborbitalMissile test20 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
25 August
10:00
Flag of the United States.svg Polaris/STARS Flag of the United States.svg Barking Sands LC-42 Flag of the United States.svg Space Data Corporation
Flag of the United States.svg Zodiac BeauchampSDCSuborbitalTarget25 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 900 kilometres (560 mi)
28 August
09:45
Flag of the United States.svg Aries Flag of the United States.svg White Sands LC-36 Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg SXT (XOGS)NASASuborbitalX-Ray astronomy28 AugustLaunch Failure
Apogee: 8 kilometres (5.0 mi)
31 August Flag of the United States.svg LGM-30G Minuteman III Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg LF-26 Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg GT-153GBUS Air ForceSuborbitalMissile test31 AugustSuccessful
Apogee: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)

September

10 September
16:00
Flag of the United States.svg Nike-Orion Flag of the United States.svg White Sands Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg CWAS 33 NASASuborbitalAeronomy10 SeptemberSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
13 September
18:00
Flag of the United States.svg Nike-Orion Flag of the United States.svg White Sands Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg CWAS 34 NASASuborbitalAeronomy13 SeptemberSuccessful
Apogee: 140 kilometres (87 mi)
15 September Flag of the United States.svg LGM-118 Peacekeeper Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg LF-02 Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg US Air ForceSuborbitalMissile test15 SeptemberSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
16 September
23:00
Flag of Japan.svg TR-1A Flag of Japan.svg Tanegashima LA-T Flag of Japan.svg NASDA
Flag of Japan.svg NASDASuborbitalMicrogravity16 SeptemberSuccessful
Apogee: 264 kilometres (164 mi)

October

4 October
17:45
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Black Brant IX Flag of the United States.svg White Sands LC-36 Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg CU-4NASASuborbital Ultraviolet astronomy 4 OctoberSuccessful
Apogee: 300 kilometres (190 mi)
4 October
19:35
Flag of the United States.svg Taurus-Orion Flag of the United States.svg White Sands Flag of the United States.svg NASA
Flag of the United States.svg NASASuborbitalPlasma4 OctoberSuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
8 October Flag of the United States.svg Storm Flag of the United States.svg White Sands SULF Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg BTTV-4 (PAC-2)US Air ForceSuborbitalTarget8 OctoberSuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
21 October
01:46
Flag of Spain.svg INTA-300B Flag of Spain.svg El Arenosillo Flag of Spain.svg INTA
Flag of Spain.svg FEIROX (FEIROH)INTASuborbitalAeronomy21 OctoberSuccessful
Apogee: 154 kilometres (96 mi)
26 October Flag of the United States.svg Storm Flag of the United States.svg White Sands LC-36 Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg BTTV-5 (ERINT)US Air ForceSuborbitalTarget26 OctoberSuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)

November

2 November Flag of Russia.svg Zyb [10] Flag of Russia.svg Submarine, Pacific Ocean Flag of Russia.svg Russian Navy
Flag of Russia.svg Efir RVSNSuborbitalTechnologyL+1 hourSuccessful
Apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi)
3 November Flag of France.svg S3 Flag of France.svg Centre d'Essais des Landes Flag of France.svg
Flag of France.svg SuborbitalMissile test3 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
4 November
07:07
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Skylark 7 Flag of Sweden.svg Esrange LA-S Flag of Sweden.svg SSC
Flag of Sweden.svg MASER 6 SSCSuborbitalMicrogravity4 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 243 kilometres (151 mi)
17 November Flag of Brazil.svg Sonda-2 Flag of Brazil.svg Natal Flag of Brazil.svg INPE
Flag of Brazil.svg INPESuborbitalIonosphere17 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 555 kilometres (345 mi)
18 November Flag of the United States.svg UGM-133 Trident II Flag of the United States.svg USS Nebraska, Eastern Range Flag of the United States.svg US Navy
Flag of the United States.svg US NavySuborbitalMissile test18 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
26 November
11:00
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Skylark 7 Flag of Sweden.svg Esrange LA-S Flag of Germany.svg DLR
Flag of Germany.svg TEXUS 31 DLRSuborbitalMicrogravity26 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 257 kilometres (160 mi)
29 November
09:30
Flag of the United States.svg Nike-Improved Orion Flag of Sweden.svg Esrange Flag of Germany.svg DLR
Flag of Germany.svg MINI-TEXUS 1 DLRSuborbitalMicrogravity29 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 146 kilometres (91 mi)
30 November Flag of the United States.svg Storm Flag of the United States.svg White Sands LC-36 Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg BTTV-6 (ERINT/GTF-2)US Air ForceSuborbitalTarget30 NovemberSuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)

December

17 December Flag of the United States.svg Storm Flag of the United States.svg White Sands SULF Flag of the United States.svg US Air Force
Flag of the United States.svg MTTV-1 (ERINT)US Air ForceSuborbitalTarget17 DecemberSuccessful
Apogee: 200 kilometres (120 mi)
December Flag of Russia.svg Volna [11] Flag of Russia.svg Submarine Flag of Russia.svg Russian Navy
Flag of Russia.svg Russian NavySuborbitalMissile testL+1 hourSuccessful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)

Deep Space Rendezvous

Date (GMT)SpacecraftEventRemarks
10 April Hiten Crashed intentionally on the Moon
22 August Mars Observer Lost contact prior to orbit insertion
28 August Galileo Flyby of 243 Ida Closest approach: 2,400 kilometres (1,500 mi)

EVAs

Start Date/TimeDurationEnd TimeSpacecraftCrewRemarks
17 January4 hours
28 minutes
STS-54
Endeavour
Flag of the United States.svg Gregory J. Harbaugh
Flag of the United States.svg Mario Runco, Jr.
Tested space station construction techniques and mobility techniques. [12]
19 April
17:15
5 hours
25 minutes
22:40 Mir EO-13
Kvant-2
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Gennadi Manakov
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Aleksandr Poleshchuk
Used the Strela boom to install an electric motor on the Kvant-1 module for solar arrays originally installed on the Kristall module. After the installation, Poleshchuk noticed that one of the handles on the Strela boom had become loose and drifted away from Mir. The loss of the Strela handle meant the next EVA would have to be delayed until a new handle could be lifted to orbit the next Progress supply launch.
18 June
17:25
4 hours
33 minutes
21:58Mir EO-13
Kvant-2
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Gennadi Manakov
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Aleksandr Poleschuk
After receiving the replacement part, Manakov and Poleshchuk first repaired the Strela boom and then installed the second electric drive for the solar array.
25 June5 hours
50 minutes
STS-57
Endeavour
Flag of the United States.svg G. David Low
Flag of the United States.svg Peter Wisoff
Helped secure the antenna on the captured EURECA satellite in its stored position for return to Earth. Then both spacewalkers practiced construction maneuvers on the RMS. [13]
16 September
05:57
4 hours
18 minutes
10:16Mir EO-14
Kvant-2
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Vasily Tsibliyev
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Aleksandr Serebrov
Began assembly of the experimental Rapana truss structure.
16 September
08:40
7 hours
5 minutes
15:45 STS-51
Discovery
Flag of the United States.svg James H. Newman
Flag of the United States.svg Carl E. Walz
Carried out tests on tools, tethers, and a foot restraint system in anticipation of the repair of the Hubble Space Telescope. A stuck tool chest lid slowed the closeout of spacewalk for at least 45 minutes. [14]
20 September
03:51
3 hours
13 minutes
07:05Mir EO-14
Kvant-2
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Vasily Tsibliyev
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Aleksandr Serebrov
Completed assembly of the Rapana truss.
28 September
00:57
1 hour
52 minutes
02:48Mir EO-14
Kvant-2
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Vasily Tsibliyev
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Aleksandr Serebrov
Inspected the Mir exterior for damage from the recent Perseid meteoroid shower. The most notable damage they found was a 5-millimetre (0.20 in) hole on one of the solar arrays.
22 October
15:47
38 minutes16:25Mir EO-14
Kvant-2
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Vasily Tsibliyev
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Aleksandr Serebrov
Continued their inspection of the Mir exterior for damage from the Perseids.
29 October
13:38
4 hours
12 minutes
17:50Mir EO-14
Kvant-2
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Vasily Tsibliyev
Flag of Russia (1991-1993).svg Aleksandr Serebrov
Completed their inspection of the entire outer surface of the Mir. They observed several marks on the hull, there were no complete penetrations. The spacewalking team did notice an unidentified piece of metal drifting by the orbital complex during their inspections.
5 December
03:44
7 hours
54 minutes
11:38 STS-61
Endeavour
Flag of the United States.svg Story Musgrave
Flag of the United States.svg Jeffrey A. Hoffman
HST servicing: Replaced two sets of gryoscopes and electrical control units, as well as a set of eight fuses. The spacewalks had considerable difficulty closing the latches on the doors due to thermal expansion of the closure bolts. Before re-entering the shuttle, the team prepared the payload bay for the next EVA. [15]
6 December
03:29
6 hours
36 minutes
10:05STS-61
Endeavour
Flag of the United States.svg Kathryn C. Thornton
Flag of the United States.svg Thomas Akers
HST servicing: Thorton rode the RMS to handle the solar arrays while Akers made the cable connections as the team replaced two solar arrays on Hubble. One array was discarded into space, and one array was furled and stowed for return to earth. [15]
7 December
03:35
6 hours
47 minutes
10:22STS-61
Endeavour
Flag of the United States.svg Story Musgrave
Flag of the United States.svg Jeffrey A. Hoffman
HST servicing: Replaced the WFPC with WFPC 2 and two magnetometers. [15]
8 December
03:13
7 hours
21 minutes
10:03STS-61
Endeavour
Flag of the United States.svg Kathryn C. Thornton
Flag of the United States.svg Thomas Akers
HST servicing: Replaced Hubble's High Speed Photometer (HSP) with the Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (COSTAR). This replacement fixed the spherical aberration in Hubble's mirror. The HSP was stowed for return to earth. [15]
9 December
03:30
7 hours
21 minutes
10:51STS-61
Endeavour
Flag of the United States.svg Story Musgrave
Flag of the United States.svg Jeffrey A. Hoffman
HST servicing: Replaced the electronics for the solar array drive motors. They also placed some made-on-Endeavour covers over the new magnetometers to protect them from debris. [15]

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STS-109 (SM3B) was a Space Shuttle mission that launched from the Kennedy Space Center on 1 March 2002. It was the 108th mission of the Space Shuttle program, the 27th flight of the orbiter Columbia and the fourth servicing of the Hubble Space Telescope. It was also the last successful mission of the orbiter Columbia before the ill-fated STS-107 mission, which culminated in the Columbia disaster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1966 in spaceflight</span>

The year 1966 saw the peak and the end of the Gemini program. The program proved that docking in space and human EVA's could be done safely. It saw the first launch of the Saturn IB rocket, an important step in the Apollo program, and the launch of Luna 9, the first spacecraft to make a soft landing on a celestial object.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2003 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 2003 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2002 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 2002 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2001 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 2001 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2000 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 2000 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1997 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1997 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1996 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1996 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1995 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1995 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1981 in spaceflight</span>

The following is an outline of 1981 in spaceflight.

The following is an outline of 1983 in spaceflight.

The following is an outline of 1984 in spaceflight.

The following is an outline of 1985 in spaceflight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1986 in spaceflight</span>

The year 1986 saw the destruction of Space Shuttle Challenger shortly after lift-off, killing all seven aboard, the first in-flight deaths of American astronauts. This accident followed the successful flight of Columbia just weeks earlier, and dealt a major setback to the U.S. crewed space program, suspending the Shuttle program for 32 months.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1994 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1994 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1992 in spaceflight</span>

The following is an outline of 1992 in spaceflight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1991 in spaceflight</span>

This was the final year of the Soviet Union, and thus the end of the Cold War competition between the two space superpowers. The number of launches subsequently declined in the 1990s, and 2018 was the first year since 1990 to have more than 100 orbital launches.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1990 in spaceflight</span>

The following is an outline of 1990 in spaceflight.

References

Generic references:
RocketSunIcon.svg Spaceflightportal

Footnotes

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Launch Log". Archived from the original on 23 January 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
  2. NASA (23 November 2007). "NASA – STS-54". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 10 June 2008. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
  3. "COSMOS 2241". N2YO.com. 8 March 2022. Archived from the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
  4. "COSMOS 2241". N2YO.com. 8 March 2022. Archived from the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
  5. NASA (23 November 2007). "NASA – STS-56". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 10 June 2008. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
  6. NASA (23 November 2007). "NASA – STS-55". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 11 May 2008.
  7. Iannotta, Becky (11 February 2009). "U.S. Satellite Destroyed in Space Collision". Space.com. Archived from the original on 13 February 2009. Retrieved 11 February 2009.
  8. NASA (23 November 2007). "NASA – STS-57". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 10 June 2008. Retrieved 12 May 2008.
  9. "NOTICE ADVISORY TO NAVSTAR USERS (NANU) 2013027". United States Coast Guard. Archived from the original on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  10. McDowell, Jonathan C. (17 April 2022). "General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects R-27". Archived from the original on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  11. McDowell, Jonathan C. (16 April 2022). "General Catalog of Artificial Space Objects R-29". Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 16 April 2022.
  12. "Space Shuttle Flight 53 (STS-54)". NASA. 2008. Archived from the original on 27 November 2008. Retrieved 1 March 2009.
  13. Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-57 (56)". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 2 March 2009.
  14. Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-51 (57)". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 2 March 2009. Retrieved 2 March 2009.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-61 (59)". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 20 March 2009. Retrieved 3 March 2009.