This timeline of spaceflight may require cleanup to ensure consistency with other timeline of spaceflight articles. See Wikipedia:WikiProject Spaceflight/Timeline of spaceflight working group for guidelines on how to improve the article. Details Concerns have been raised that:
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| Launch of Voyager 2 on a Titan IIIE | |
| Orbital launches | |
|---|---|
| First | 6 January |
| Last | 27 December |
| Total | 130 |
| Catalogued | 124 |
| Rockets | |
| Maiden flights | Mu-3H Tsyklon-3 |
| Retirements | Kosmos-2I Titan IIIE |
| Crewed flights | |
| Orbital | 3 |
| Total travellers | 6 |
Spaceflight in 1977 included some important events such as the roll out of the Space Shuttle orbiter, Voyager 1 and Voyager space probes were launched. NASA received the Space Shuttle orbiter later named Enterprise, on 14 January. This unpowered sub-orbital space plane was launched off the top of a modified 747 and was flown uncrewed until 13 August until a human crew landed the Enterprise for the first time.
In August and September, the two Voyager spacecraft to the outer planets were launched. Voyager 2 , launched on 20 August, went on to fly past Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Voyager 1 , which was launched on 5 September, flew past Jupiter and Saturn, with a planned flyby of Pluto being cancelled in favour of a closer flyby of Titan. [1]
| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) | Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
| Remarks | |||||||
| 19 February 05:15 | | | | ||||
| | ISAS | Highly elliptical orbit | Technology test | In orbit | Successful | ||
| First flight of M-3H | |||||||
| 16 June 10:51:00 | | | | ||||
| | NOAA | Current: Graveyard Operational: Geostationary | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Retired on 5 May 2001 and moved to a graveyard orbit | |||||||
| 20 August 14:29:44 | | | | ||||
| | NASA | Heliocentric to Galactocentric | Planetary | In orbit | Successful Operational | ||
| Spacecraft flew past Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, first spacecraft to visit Uranus and Neptune | |||||||
| 5 September 12:56:01 | | | | ||||
| | NASA | Heliocentric to Galactocentric | Planetary | In orbit | Successful Operational | ||
| Final flight of Titan IIIE, spacecraft flew past Jupiter and Saturn | |||||||
| Date | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 February | Viking Orbiter 1 | Flyby of Phobos | Closest approach: 89 kilometres (55 mi) |
| October | Viking Orbiter 2 | Flyby of Deimos |
| Start date/time | Duration | End time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19 December 21:36 | 1 hour 28 minutes | 23:04 | Salyut 6 PE-1 | | First Russian EVA in over 8 years and the first use of the Orlan-D spacesuit. [2] Grechko inspected the front docking port for damage from the failed Soyuz 25 docking and found no damage, while Romanenko assisted from the open hatch. |