1977 in spaceflight

Last updated

1977 in spaceflight
Titan 3E Centaur launches Voyager 2.jpg
Launch of Voyager 2 on a Titan IIIE
Orbital launches
First6 January
Last27 December
Total130
Catalogued 124
Rockets
Maiden flights Mu-3H
Tsyklon-3
Retirements Kosmos-2I
Titan IIIE
Crewed flights
Orbital3
Total travellers6

Spaceflight in 1977 included some important events such as the roll out of the Space Shuttle orbiter, Voyager 1 and Voyager space probes were launched. NASA received the Space Shuttle orbiter later named Enterprise, on 14 January. This unpowered sub-orbital space plane was launched off the top of a modified 747 and was flown uncrewed until 13 August until a human crew landed the Enterprise for the first time.

Contents

In August and September, the two Voyager spacecraft to the outer planets were launched. Voyager 2 , launched on 20 August, went on to fly past Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Voyager 1 , which was launched on 5 September, flew past Jupiter and Saturn, with a planned flyby of Pluto being cancelled in favour of a closer flyby of Titan. [1]

Launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC)Outcome
Remarks
16 June
10:51:00
Flag of the United States.svg Delta 2914 Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-17B Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg GOES 2 NOAA Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geostationary
Weather In orbitSuccessful
Retired on 5 May 2001 and moved to a graveyard orbit
20 August
14:29:44
Flag of the United States.svg Titan IIIE Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-41 Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg Voyager 2 NASA Heliocentric to Galactocentric PlanetaryIn orbitSuccessful
Operational
Spacecraft flew past Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, first spacecraft to visit Uranus and Neptune
5 September
12:56:01
Flag of the United States.svg Titan IIIE Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-41 Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg Voyager 1 NASAHeliocentric to GalactocentricPlanetaryIn orbitSuccessful
Operational
Final flight of Titan IIIE, spacecraft flew past Jupiter and Saturn

Deep space rendezvous

DateSpacecraftEventRemarks
20 February Viking Orbiter 1 Flyby of Phobos Closest approach: 89 kilometres (55 mi)
October Viking Orbiter 2 Flyby of Deimos

EVAs

Start Date/TimeDurationEnd TimeSpacecraftCrewRemarks
19 December
21:36
1 hour
28 minutes
23:04 Salyut 6
PE-1
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Georgi Grechko (full)
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Yuri Romanenko (stand-up)
First Russian EVA in over 8 years and the first use of the Orlan-D spacesuit. [2] Grechko inspected the front docking port for damage from the failed Soyuz 25 docking and found no damage, while Romanenko assisted from the open hatch.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1967 in spaceflight</span>

The year 1967 in spaceflight saw the most orbital launches of the 20th century and more than any other year until 2021, including that of the first Australian satellite, WRESAT, which was launched from the Woomera Test Range atop an American Sparta rocket. The United States National Space Science Data Center catalogued 172 spacecraft placed into orbit by launches which occurred in 1967.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1958 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events of 1958

Explorer 1 was the first American satellite to reach orbit on 31 January 1958.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2003 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events of 2003

This article outlines notable events occurring in 2003 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs. The Space Shuttle Columbia disaster occurred on 1 February 2003.

1973 saw the launch of the first American Space station known as Skylab on a Saturn rocket.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1996 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1996 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1995 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events of 1995

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1995 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

The following is an outline of 1983 in spaceflight.

The following is an outline of 1984 in spaceflight.

The following is an outline of 1985 in spaceflight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1986 in spaceflight</span>

The year 1986 saw the destruction of Space Shuttle Challenger shortly after lift-off, killing all seven aboard, the first in-flight deaths of American astronauts. This accident followed the successful flight of Columbia just weeks earlier, and dealt a major setback to the U.S. crewed space program, suspending the Shuttle program for 32 months.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1994 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events of 1994

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1994 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1974 in spaceflight</span>

On March 29, 1974 Mariner 10 became the first spacecraft to fly by Mercury, that saw a spacecraft for the first and last time in the 20th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1993 in spaceflight</span>

The following is an outline of 1993 in spaceflight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1991 in spaceflight</span>

This was the final year of the Soviet Union, and thus the end of the Cold War competition between the two space superpowers. The number of launches subsequently declined in the 1990s, and 2018 was the first year since 1990 to have more than 100 orbital launches.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1989 in spaceflight</span>

The following is an outline of 1989 in spaceflight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1980 in spaceflight</span>

The following is an outline of 1980 in spaceflight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1987 in spaceflight</span>

The following is an outline of 1987 in spaceflight.

This is a list of spaceflights launched between January and June 1963. For launches between July and December, see 1963 in spaceflight (July–December). For an overview of the whole year, see 1963 in spaceflight.

This is a list of spaceflights launched between April and June 1962. For launches in the rest of the year, see 1962 in spaceflight (January–March), 1962 in spaceflight (July–September) and 1962 in spaceflight (October–December). For an overview of the whole year, see 1962 in spaceflight.

References

Generic references:
RocketSunIcon.svg  Spaceflightportal

Footnotes

  1. Hughes, J. (1996) Larrousse Desk Reference Encloypedia London RD press, World Aircraft Information Files (2001) London Aerospace publishing Ltd
  2. Wade, Mark (2009). "Orlan". Encyclopedia Astronautica web site. Archived from the original on 26 March 2009. Retrieved 13 February 2009.