1984 in spaceflight

Last updated

1984 in spaceflight
Orbital launches
First5 Jan
Last22 Dec
Total129
Successes128
Failures1
National firsts
Space traveller Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada
Flag of India.svg  India
Rockets
Maiden flights Ariane 3
Atlas G
Space Shuttle Discovery
Retirements Titan 24B
Crewed flights
Orbital8
Total travellers37

The following is an outline of 1984 in spaceflight.

Contents

Launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC)Outcome
Remarks

January

31 January
03:08
Flag of the United States.svg Titan 34D/Transtage Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-40 Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg OPS-0441 (Vortex 4) NRO High Earth SIGINT In orbitSuccessful

February

3 February
13:00
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Challenger Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39A Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg STS-41-B NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment11 February
12:15
Successful
Flag of the United States.svg Westar 6 Western Union Intended: Geosynchronous
Actual: Low Earth
Communications16 November
11:59
Deployment failure
Flag of Indonesia.svg Palapa B2 Telkom Indonesia Intended: Geosynchronous
Actual: Low Earth
Communications16 November
11:59
Deployment failure
Flag of Germany.svg SPAS-1A NASALow Earth (Challenger)Microgravity research11 February
12:15
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts; first use of the Crewed Maneuvering Unit and the first Space Shuttle landing at the Kennedy Space Center.
PAM failures led to Westar 6 and Palapa B2 being stranded in Low Earth orbit. The satellites were subsequently retrieved by Space Shuttle Discovery during mission STS-51-A in November and were returned to Earth for refurbishment.
Westar 6 was sold to AsiaSat and renamed AsiaSat 1, and launched by a Chinese Long 3 March carrier rocket on 7 April 1990.
Palapa B2 was renamed Palapa B2R and was launched by an American Delta II 6925-8 carrier rocket on 13 April 1990.
5 February
18:44
Flag of the United States.svg Atlas H Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-3E Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg OPS-8737 (NOSS 7) US Navy Low Earth SIGINT In orbitSuccessful
8 February
12:07
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soyuz-U Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Baikonur Site 31/6 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soyuz T-10 Low Earth (Salyut 7) Salyut 7 EO-3 11 April
10:48
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
21 February
06:46
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soyuz-U Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Baikonur Site 31/6 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Progress 19 Low Earth (Salyut 7)Logistics1 April
18:18
Successful

March

5 March
00:50
Flag of Europe.svg Ariane 1 Flag of France.svg Kourou ELA Flag of France.svg CNES
Flag of the United Nations.svg Intelsat 508 Intelsat GeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful

April

3 April
13:08
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soyuz-U Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Baikonur Site 31/6 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soyuz T-11 Low Earth (Salyut 7) Salyut 7 EP-3 2 October
10:57
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts including the first Indian space traveller
6 April
13:58
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Challenger Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39A Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg STS-41-C NASALow EarthSatellite deployment and repair13 April
13:38
Successful
Flag of the United States.svg LDEF NASALow EarthMaterial science20 January 1990
06:35
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts; Solar Max repair mission
LDEF retrieved by Space Shuttle Columbia during mission STS-32 in January 1990.
14 April
16:52
Flag of the United States.svg Titan 34D/Transtage Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-40 Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg OPS-7641 (DSP-12)US Air ForceGeosynchronousEarly warningIn orbitSuccessful
15 April
08:12
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soyuz-U Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Baikonur Site 31/6 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Progress 20 Low Earth (Salyut 7)Logistics7 May
00:32
Successful
17 April
18:45
Flag of the United States.svg Titan 24B Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-4W Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg OPS-8424 (KH-8-54)NRO Sun-synchronous Reconnaissance13 AugustSuccessful
Final flight of Titan 24B and the final KH-8 spacecraft

May

7 May
22:47
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soyuz-U Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Baikonur Site 31/6 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Progress 21 Low Earth (Salyut 7)Logistics26 May
15:00
Successful
23 May
01:33
Flag of Europe.svg Ariane 1 Flag of France.svg Kourou ELA Flag of France.svg Arianespace
Flag of the United States.svg Spacenet F1 Spacenet GeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
28 May
14:12
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soyuz-U Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Baikonur Site 31/6 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Progress 22 Low Earth (Salyut 7)Logistics15 July
18:52
Successful

June

9 June
23:03
Flag of the United States.svg Atlas G Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-36B Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United Nations.svg Intelsat 509 IntelsatIntended: Geosynchronous
Achieved: Low Earth
Communications24 OctoberLaunch Failure
Maiden flight of Atlas G
Upper stage malfunction left payload in a useless orbit
13 June
11:37
Flag of the United States.svg Atlas E/SGS-2 Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-3W Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg USA-1 (GPS-9)US Air Force Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitSuccessful
25 June
18:47
Flag of the United States.svg Titan 34D Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-4E Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg USA-2 (KH-9-19)NROSun-synchronousReconnaissance18 OctoberSuccessful
Flag of the United States.svg USA-3 (SSF-D-5)NROSun-synchronous ELINT In orbitSuccessful

July

17 July
17:40
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soyuz-U2 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Baikonur Site 31/6 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soyuz T-12 Low Earth (Salyut 7) Salyut 7 EP-4 29 July
12:55
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
First crewed flight of Soyuz-U2
26 July
18:05
Flag of Brazil.svg Sonda III Flag of Brazil.svg Barreira do Inferno Launch Center Flag of Brazil.svg IAE
Flag of Brazil.svg IAE SuborbitalEngineering test26 JulySuccessful
688 km downrange. 565 km perigee. 12m40s. 17th Sonda III launch. [1]

August

4 August
13:32
Flag of Europe.svg Ariane 3 Flag of France.svg Kourou ELA Flag of France.svg Arianespace
Flag of France.svg Eutelsat 1F2 Eutelsat GeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of France.svg Telecom 1A France Télécom GeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Maiden flight of Ariane 3
Eutelsat 1F2 retired in 1993
14 August
06:28
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soyuz-U Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Baikonur Site 1/5 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Progress 23 Low Earth (Salyut 7)Logistics28 August
01:28
Successful
28 August
18:03
Flag of the United States.svg Titan 34B Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-4W Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg USA-4 (SDS-1-5)US Air Force Molniya CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
30 August
12:41
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Discovery Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39A Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg STS-41-D NASALow EarthSatellite deployment5 September
15:37
Successful
Flag of the United States.svg SBS-4 SBS Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of the United States.svg Telstar 302 AT&T Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of the United States.svg Leasat 2 US Navy Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of the United States.svg OAST-1 NASALow Earth (Discovery)Solar array R&D5 September
15:37
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
Maiden flight of Space Shuttle Discovery

September

8 September
21:41
Flag of the United States.svg Atlas E/SGS-2 Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-3W Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg USA-5 (GPS-10)US Air ForceMedium EarthNavigationIn orbitSuccessful

October

5 October
11:03
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Challenger Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39A Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg STS-41-G NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment13 October
16:26
Successful
Flag of the United States.svg ERBS NASA Low Earth Radiation budget observation9 January 2023
04:04 [2]
Successful
Flag of the United States.svg OSTA-3 NASA Low Earth (Challenger)Earth imaging13 October
16:26
Successful
Flag of the United States.svg ORS NASA Low Earth (Challenger) Satellite refuelling demonstration13 October
16:26
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first Canadian space traveller
Shuttle Imaging Radar-B (SIR-B)
ERBS retired on 14 October 2005

November

8 November
12:15
Flag of the United States.svg Space Shuttle Discovery Flag of the United States.svg Kennedy LC-39A Flag of the United States.svg United Space Alliance
Flag of the United States.svg STS-51-A NASALow EarthSatellite deployment and retrieval16 November
11:59
Successful
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Anik D2 Telesat Canada Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of the United States.svg Leasat 1 US NavyCurrent: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts
Anik D2 retired on 31 January 1995
Retrieved Westar 6 and Palapa B2 satellites which were stranded in Low Earth orbit after PAM failures during deployment from Space Shuttle Challenger on mission STS-41-B in February.
10 November
01:14
Flag of Europe.svg Ariane 3 Flag of France.svg Kourou ELA Flag of France.svg Arianespace
Flag of the United States.svg Spacenet F2 SpacenetGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Flag of Europe.svg MARECS 2 ESA GeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
21 November Flag of Brazil.svg Sonda IV Flag of Brazil.svg Barreira do Inferno Launch Center Flag of Brazil.svg CTA
Flag of Brazil.svg CTA SuborbitalEngineering test21 NovemberSuccessful
600 km perigee. 1th Sonda IV launch. [3]

December

4 December
18:03
Flag of the United States.svg Titan 34D Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-4E Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg USA-6 (KH-11-6)NROSun-synchronousReconnaissanceIn orbitSuccessful
12 December
10:42
Flag of the United States.svg Atlas E/Star-37S-ISS Flag of the United States.svg Vandenberg SLC-3W Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg NOAA 9 (NOAA-F) NOAA Sun-synchronous Meteorology In orbitSuccessful
22 December
00:02
Flag of the United States.svg Titan 34D/Transtage Flag of the United States.svg Cape Canaveral LC-40 Flag of the United States.svg
Flag of the United States.svg USA-7 (DSP-12)US Air ForceGeosynchronousEarly warningIn orbitSuccessful

Deep-space rendezvous

There were no deep-space rendezvous in 1984.

EVAs

Start date/timeDurationEnd timeSpacecraftCrewRemarks
7 February5 hours
55 minutes
STS-41-B
Challenger
Flag of the United States.svg Bruce McCandless II
Flag of the United States.svg Robert L. Stewart
McCandless and Stewart rode on the Crewed Maneuvering Unit (MMUs) during the first untethered EVAs in history. Both astronauts practiced using tools and procedures for the planned capture and repair of the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) satellite to be performed in a subsequent flight. [4]
9 February6 hours
17 minutes
STS-41-B
Challenger
Flag of the United States.svg Bruce McCandless II
Flag of the United States.svg Robert L. Stewart
Continued testing the MMUs and practice with tools and procedures to be used with recovery and repair of the SMM satellite. [4]
8 April
14:18
2 hours
38 minutes
16:56 STS-41-C
Challenger
Flag of the United States.svg George Nelson
Flag of the United States.svg James van Hoften
Nelson rode the MMU to the SMM satellite. Van Hoften stood by in the payload bay to provide any needed assistance. After three unsuccessful attempts to capture the SMM with the Trunnion Pin Acquisition Device (TPAD) tool and one attempt to grab the satellite by hand, the spacewalkers returned to Challenger. The SMM was recovered the next day with the RMS. [5]
11 April
08:58
6 hours
44 minutes
15:42STS-41-C
Challenger
Flag of the United States.svg George Nelson
Flag of the United States.svg James van Hoften
Completed repair of the SMM satellite and then continued testing of the MMU. [6]
23 April
04:31
4 hours
20 minutes
08:46 Salyut 7 EO-3 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Leonid Kizim
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Vladimir Solovyov
Installed a new ladder to reach the ruptured Main Oxidizer Line on Salyut 7. First of five EVAs to conduct the repair.
26 April
02:40
4 hours
56 minutes
07:40Salyut 7 EO-3 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Leonid Kizim
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Vladimir Solovyov
Removed installation and installed a valve in the spare oxidizer line. Second of five EVAs to repair the Main Oxidizer Line on the station.
29 April
01:35
2 hours
45 minutes
04:20Salyut 7 EO-3 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Leonid Kizim
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Vladimir Solovyov
Installed a bypass line around the damaged section of the Main Oxidizer Line on the station. Third of five repair EVAs.
3 May
23:15
2 hours
45 minutes
4 May
02:00
Salyut 7 EO-3 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Leonid Kizim
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Vladimir Solovyov
Installed a second bypass line and replaced thermal insulation at the Main Oxidizer Line of the station. Fourth of five repair EVAs.
18 May
17:52
3 hours
5 minutes
20:57Salyut 7 EO-3 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Leonid Kizim
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Vladimir Solovyov
Installed two new solar arrays onto the space station.
25 July
14:55
3 hours
35 minutes
18:29Salyut 7 EP-4 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Vladimir Dzhanibekov
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Svetlana Savitskaya
Tested the URI multi-purpose tool with several metal samples.
Savitskaya became the first women in history to perform an EVA.
8 August
08:46
5 hours13:46Salyut 7 EO-3 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Leonid Kizim
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Vladimir Solovyov
Using a pneumatic press tool delivered by Soyuz T-12, the cosmonauts completed the fifth and final EVA to repair the damaged Main Oxidizer Line of the station by crimping the ends of the ruptured pipe.
11 October
15:38
3 hours
29 minutes
19:05 STS-41-G
Challenger
Flag of the United States.svg David Leestma
Flag of the United States.svg Kathryn Sullivan
Demonstrated the use of the Orbital Refueling System, including the installation of an ORS valve maintenance kit. [7]
Sullivan was the first American women and the second women in history to conduct an EVA. [8]
12 November
13:25
6 hours19:25 STS-51-A
Discovery
Flag of the United States.svg Joseph P. Allen
Flag of the United States.svg Dale Gardner
Allen rode the MMU to the Palapa B2 satellite and retrieved it into the payload bay. Gardner and Allen then secured the satellite in the payload bay for return to Earth. [9]
14 November
11:09
5 hours
42 minutes
16:51STS-51-A
Discovery
Flag of the United States.svg Joseph P. Allen
Flag of the United States.svg Dale Gardner
Gardner rode the MMU to the Westar 6 satellite and retrieved it into the payload bay. Allen and Gardner then secured the satellite in the payload bay for return to Earth. [9]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">STS-41-C</span> 1984 American crewed spaceflight to the Solar Maximum Mission satellite

STS-41-C was NASA's eleventh Space Shuttle mission, and the fifth mission of Space Shuttle Challenger. The launch, which took place on April 6, 1984, marked the first direct ascent trajectory for a Space Shuttle mission. During the mission, Challenger's crew captured and repaired the malfunctioning Solar Maximum Mission satellite, and deployed the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) experimental apparatus. STS-41-C was extended one day due to problems capturing the Solar Max satellite, and the landing on April 13, 1984, took place at Edwards Air Force Base, instead of at Kennedy Space Center as had been planned. The flight was originally numbered STS-13.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">STS-41-B</span> 1984 American crewed spaceflight

STS-41-B was NASA's tenth Space Shuttle mission and the fourth flight of the Space ShuttleChallenger. It launched on 3 February 1984 and landed on 11 February 1984, after deploying two communications satellites. It was also notable for including the first untethered spacewalk.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2006 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events during 2006

This article outlines notable events occurring in 2006 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs. 2006 saw Brazil, Iran, and Sweden all get a national into space for the first time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2005 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events during 2005

This article outlines notable events occurring in 2005 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs. 2005 saw Iran launch its first satellite.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2002 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 2002 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2001 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 2001 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2000 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events of 2000

This article outlines notable events occurring in 2000 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

1973 saw the launch of the first American Space station known as Skylab on a Saturn rocket.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1999 in spaceflight</span>

The table below shows 208 satellite launches were made in 1999. 81 (39%) of these launches were communications satellites.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1996 in spaceflight</span>

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1996 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1995 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events of 1995

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1995 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

The following is an outline of 1983 in spaceflight.

The following is an outline of 1985 in spaceflight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1986 in spaceflight</span>

The year 1986 saw the destruction of Space Shuttle Challenger shortly after lift-off, killing all seven aboard, the first in-flight deaths of American astronauts. This accident followed the successful flight of Columbia just weeks earlier, and dealt a major setback to the U.S. crewed space program, suspending the Shuttle program for 32 months.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1994 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events of 1994

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1994 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1993 in spaceflight</span>

The following is an outline of 1993 in spaceflight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1992 in spaceflight</span>

The following is an outline of 1992 in spaceflight.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1991 in spaceflight</span>

This was the final year of the Soviet Union, and thus the end of the Cold War competition between the two space superpowers. The number of launches subsequently declined in the 1990s, and 2018 was the first year since 1990 to have more than 100 orbital launches.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1977 in spaceflight</span>

Spaceflight in 1977 included some important events such as the roll out of the Space Shuttle orbiter, Voyager 1 and Voyager space probes were launched. NASA received the Space Shuttle orbiter later named Enterprise, on 14 January. This unpowered sub-orbital space plane was launched off the top of a modified 747 and was flown uncrewed until 13 August until a human crew landed the Enterprise for the first time.

References

Generic references:
RocketSunIcon.svg  Spaceflightportal

Footnotes

  1. "Como fazer um projeto espacial e lucrar milhões de dólares". Manchete (in Brazilian Portuguese). No. 1687. 18 August 1984. p. 36. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
  2. "Retired NASA Earth Radiation Budget Satellite Reenters Atmosphere". NASA . 6 January 2023. Archived from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  3. Maria, Joaquim (8 December 1984). "Com a subida do Sonda IV, o futuro está lançado". Manchete (in Brazilian Portuguese). No. 1703. p. 119. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
  4. 1 2 Collins Jr., Michael A. (March 1984). "STS 41B National Space Transportation System Program Mission Report" (PDF). NASA. p. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
  5. "Space Shuttle Flight 11 (STS-41C)". Space Shuttle Video Library. National Space Society. 2008. Archived from the original on 18 July 2012. Retrieved 17 February 2009.
  6. Collins, Michael (May 1984). "STS-41C National Space Transportation System Program Mission Report" (PDF). NASA. p. 5. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 18 February 2009.
  7. Collins Jr., Michael A. (November 1984). "STS 41-G National Space Transportation System Program Mission Report" (PDF). NASA. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 18 February 2009.
  8. Wade, Mark (2008). "Sullivan web page". Encyclopedia Astronautica web site. Archived from the original on 14 February 2009. Retrieved 18 February 2009.
  9. 1 2 "Space Shuttle Flight 14 (STS-51A)". Space Shuttle Video Library. National Space Society. July 2008. Archived from the original on 17 July 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2009.