KAIST (originally the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) is a nationalresearch university located in Daedeok Innopolis,Daejeon,South Korea. KAIST was established by the Korean government in 1971 as the nation's first public,research-oriented science and engineering institution.[3] KAIST is considered to be one of the most prestigious universities in the nation.[4][5] KAIST has been internationally accredited in business education,[6] and hosts the Secretariat of the Association of Asia-Pacific Business Schools (AAPBS).[7] KAIST has 10,504 full-time students and 1,342 faculty researchers (as of the Fall 2019 Semester) and had a total budget of US$765 million in 2013,of which US$459 million was from research contracts.
Korean representatives and Frederick E. Terman discuss the establishment of the institute.
The institute was founded in 1971 as the Korea Advanced Institute of Science (KAIS) by a loan of US$6 million (US$38 million[13] 2019) from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and supported by President Park Chung-Hee.[3] The institute's academic scheme was mainly designed by Frederick E. Terman,then vice president of Stanford University,and Dr. KunMo Chung,a professor at the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn.[14] The institute's two main functions were to train advanced scientists and engineers and develop a structure of graduate education in the country. Research studies had begun by 1973 and undergraduates studied for bachelor's degrees by 1984.
In 1981 the government merged the Korean Advanced Institute of Science and the Korean Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) to form the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,or KAIST,under the leadership of physics professor Choochon Lee.[15] Due to differing research philosophies,KIST and KAIST split in 1989. In the same year KAIST and the Korea Institute of Technology (KIT) combined and moved from Seoul to the Daedeok Science Town in Daejeon. The first act of President Suh upon his inauguration in July 2006 was to lay out the KAIST Development Plan. The ‘KAIST Development Five-Year Plan’was finalized on February 5,2007,by KAIST Steering Committee. The goals of KAIST set by Suh were to become one of the best science and technology universities in the world,and to become one of the top-10 universities by 2011. In January 2008,the university dropped its full name,Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,and changed its official name to only KAIST.[16]
Timeline
February 16,1971
Korea Advanced Institute of Science (KAIS),Hongneung Campus,Seoul is established
March 5,1973
Candidates matriculate for master's degree
August 20,1975
First commencement for the master's program
September 12,1975
Candidates matriculate for doctorate degree
August 19,1978
First commencement for the doctoral program
December 31,1980
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) is formed by merger with KIST
December 27,1984
Korea Institute of Technology (KIT) is established in Daejeon,South Korea
March 28,1986
First matriculation for undergraduates
June 12,1989
KAIST and KIST separate,KAIST retains institution name
A statue of Jang Young Sil,a Korean scientist,in front of science library,Daejeon campus
Admission to KAIST is based on overall grades,grades on math and science courses,recommendation letters from teachers,study plan,personal statements,and other data,and does not rely on a standardized test conducted by the university. In 2014,the acceptance rate for local students was 14.9%,and for international students at 13.2%.[17]
Full scholarships are given to all students including international students in the bachelor,master and doctorate courses.[18] Doctoral students are given military-exemption benefits from South Korea's compulsory military service. Up to 80% of courses taught in KAIST are conducted in English.
Undergraduate students can join the school through an “open major system”that allows students to take classes for three terms and then choose a discipline that suits their aptitude,and undergraduates are allowed to change their major anytime. KAIST has also produced many doctorates through the integrated master's and doctoral program and early-completion system. Students must publish papers in internationally renowned academic journals for graduation.[19]
Students
KAIST produced 69,388 alumni from 1975 to 2021,with 19,457 bachelor's,35,513 master's,and 14,418 doctorate degree holders. As of Spring 2021,10,793 students were enrolled in KAIST with 3,605 bachelor's,3,069 master's,1,354 joint M.S.-Ph.D.'s,and 2,765 doctoral students.[20] More than 70 percent of KAIST undergraduates come from specialized science high schools.[21] 817 international students from 81 countries are studying at KAIST (as of spring semester 2021),making it one of the most ethnically diverse universities in the country.[20]
Organization
KAIST is organized into 6 colleges,2 schools and 33 departments/divisions.
KAIST also has three affiliated institutes including the Korea Institute of Advanced Study (KIAS),National NanoFab Center (NNFC),and Korea Science Academy (KSA).[22]
Campus
A view of the main campusKAIST's sport complex at nightGeese and ducks residing in the KAIST campus lake
KAIST has two campuses in Daejeon and one campus in Seoul. The university is mainly located in the Daedeok Science Town in the city of Daejeon,150 kilometers south of the capital Seoul. Daedeok is also home to some 50 public and private research institutes,universities such as CNU and high-tech venture capital companies.
Most lectures,research activities,and housing services are located in the Daejeon main campus. It has a total of 29 dormitories. Twenty-three dormitories for male students and four dormitories for female students are located on the outskirts of the campus,and two apartments for married students are located outside the campus.
The Seoul campus is the home of the Business Faculty of the university. The graduate schools of finance,management and information &media management are located there. The total area of the Seoul campus is 413,346m2 (4,449,220sqft).
The Munji campus,the former campus of Information and Communications University until its merger with KAIST,is located ca. 4km (2.5mi) away from the main campus. It has two dormitories,one for undergraduate students and the other for graduate students. The Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research is located here doing particle and nuclear physics related to dark matter and the Rare Isotope Science Project has the Superconducting Radio Frequency test facility.
Main library
The KAIST main library was established in 1971 as KAIS library,and it went through a merge and separation process with KIST library. It merged with KIT in March 1990. A contemporary 5 story building was constructed as the main library,and it is being operated with an annex library. The library uses the American LC Classification Schedule.[23]
The library underwent expansion and remodeling,which finished in 2018,to include conference rooms,collaboration rooms,and media rooms.
Event
KAIST's Seokrim Taeulje is a festival held by KAIST for three days every spring semester. The festival preparation committee under the undergraduate student council will be in charge of planning and execution,various food booths and experience booths will be opened,and stage events such as club performances and a song festival will be held. Also called the Cherry Blossom Festival,students eat strawberries on the lawn.
Research
Seven KAIST Institutes (KIs) have been set up:the KI for the BioCentury,the KI for Information Technology Convergence,the KI for the Design of Complex Systems,the KI for Entertainment Engineering,the KI for the NanoCentury,the KI for Eco-Energy,and the KI for Urban Space and Systems. Each KI is operated as an independent research center at the level of a college,receiving support in terms of finance and facilities. In terms of ownership of intellectual property rights,KAIST holds 2,694 domestic patents and 723 international patents so far.[24]
Electric vehicles
Researchers at KAIST have developed the Online Electric Vehicle (OLEV),a technique of powering vehicles through cables underneath the surface of the road via non-contact magnetic charging (a power source is placed underneath the road surface and power is wirelessly picked up on the vehicle itself). In July 2009 the researchers successfully supplied up to 60% power to a bus over a gap of 12cm (4.7in) from a power line embedded in the ground using power supply and pick up technology developed in-house.[25]
Controversy
Suicides
In 2011,a punitive tuition system was introduced to KAIST,which charged students for tuition only if their grade-point average dropped below 3.0 on a 4.0 scale.[26] This change,along with a new system mandating English-only classes,led to 11 members of KAIST committing suicide from 2011 to 2016.[27] The university has since reversed the punitive tuition system.
Development of autonomous arms
In February 2018,the Korea Times published an article which stated that KAIST was starting an AI weapons research project together with the Korean arms manufacturer Hanwha. The allegations were of developing lethal autonomous weapons with Hanwha. This has led to researchers from 30 countries boycotting KAIST,which has denied existence of the program.[28]
China tech leaks
In February 2024,a KAIST professor was found guilty by an appellate court of leaking autonomous vehicle technologies to China between 2017 and 2020,leading to a two year prison sentence. Despite a lower court having sentenced the professor to two years in prison with a three-year suspended sentence in 2021,KAIST did not take any disciplinary action,instead offering only a public apology and a promise to improve its transparency[29]
KAIST was ranked 56th worldwide in the QS WUR 2024,91st worldwide in the THE WUR 2023,282nd in the USNWR Rankings 2022-2023,and 201-300th in ARWU 2022.
KAIST was the 111th best-ranked university worldwide in 2022 in terms of aggregate performance across THE,QS,and ARWU,as reported by ARTU.[40]
Before THE and QS started publishing separate rankings in 2010,the jointly published THE–QS World University Rankings ranked KAIST globally at 160th (2004),143rd (2005),198th (2006),132nd (2007),95th (2008),and 69th (2009).
KAIST was ranked as the best university in Republic of Korea and the 7th university in Asia in the Top 100 Asian Universities list,the first regional ranking issued by THE-QS World Rankings.[41][verification needed] KAIST was again recognized as a number one University in Korea by JoongAng Ilbo Review.
In 2019[42]Thomson Reuters named KAIST the 34th most innovative university in the world and the 2nd most innovative university in the Asia-Pacific region.[43]
KAIST was ranked 61-70th worldwide in the THE World Reputation Rankings 2022.[44]
In 2009, KAIST's department of industrial design has also been listed in the top 30 Design Schools by Business Week.[47]
Young University Rankings
Times Higher Education ranked KAIST the 3rd best university in the world under the age of 50 years in its 2015 league table.[48]
Graduate Employability Rankings
KAIST graduates ranked 67th worldwide in the Times Higher Education's Global University Employability Ranking 2022, and 77th worldwide in the QS Graduate Employability Rankings 2022.
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