52246 Donaldjohanson

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52246 Donaldjohanson
52246 Donaldjohanson Hubble 8x upscale.png
Donaldjohanson imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope on 9 January 2021
Discovery [1]
Discovered by S. J. Bus
Discovery site Siding Spring Obs.
Discovery date2 March 1981
Designations
(52246) Donaldjohanson
Named after
 Donald Johanson   [1]
(paleoanthropologist)
1981 EQ5 ·1998 YF26
main-belt   [1] [2]  ·(inner)
Erigone   [3] [4]
Orbital characteristics [2]
Epoch 25 February 2023 (JD 2460000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Earliest precovery date14 February 1981 [1]
Aphelion 2.830 AU
Perihelion 1.936 AU
2.383 AU
Eccentricity 0.1876
3.68 yr (1,343 d)
186.269°
0° 16m 4.79s / day
Inclination 4.424°
262.809°
213.016°
Physical characteristics
3.895±0.013  km [5]
251±1  hr [6]
0.103±0.019 [5]
C   [3]
15.69 [2]

    52246 Donaldjohanson (provisional designation 1981 EQ5) is a carbonaceous Erigonian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 4 kilometers (2.5 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 2 March 1981, by American astronomer Schelte Bus at the Siding Spring Observatory in Australia. The C-type asteroid is a target of the Lucy mission and was aptly named after American paleoanthropologist Donald Johanson, the discoverer of the "Lucy" hominid fossil. [1]

    Contents

    Orbit and classification

    Animation of Lucy's trajectory around Sun .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} Lucy * Sun * Earth * 52246 Donaldjohanson * 3548 Eurybates * 21900 Orus * 617 Patroclus Animation of Lucy's trajectory around Sun.gif
    Animation of Lucy's trajectory around Sun
      Lucy ·   Sun ·   Earth ·   52246 Donaldjohanson  ·  3548 Eurybates ·   21900 Orus ·   617 Patroclus

    Donaldjohanson is a member of the Erigone family ( 406 ), [3] [4] a large carbonaceous asteroid family of nearly 2,000 known members, which is named after its parent body 163 Erigone. It is a relatively old family that was created approximately 130 million years ago. [7]

    It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.9–2.8  AU once every 3 years and 8 months (1,345 days; semi-major axis of 2.38 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.19 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic. [2] A first precovery was taken at the discovering observatory in February 1981, extending the body's observation arc by 2 weeks prior to its official discovery observation. [1]

    Physical characteristics

    Donaldjohanson has been characterized as a carbonaceous C-type asteroid, [3] in-line with the C and X overall spectral type for Erigonian asteroids. [7] : 23  It has an absolute magnitude of 15.5. [2]

    Lightcurve

    Photometric observations of Donaldjohanson in August 2020 revealed that it is a slow rotator with an exceptionally high lightcurve amplitude of 1.7 magnitude. [8] [6] The lightcurve suggests that Donaldjohanson must either be highly elongated in shape, or possibly a synchronous binary system. [8] Extensive photometric observations by the two TRAPPIST telescopes from November 2020 to February 2021 determined the rotation period of Donaldjohanson to be approximately 252 hours. [9]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Donaldjohanson measures 3.895 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.103. [5]

    Exploration

    Donaldjohanson is planned to be visited by the Lucy spacecraft that was launched on 16 October 2021. The flyby is scheduled for 20 April 2025, and will approach the asteroid to a distance of 922 kilometers (573 mi) at a relative velocity of 13.4 kilometers (8.3 mi) per second. [3]

    Naming

    This minor planet is planned to be visited by the Lucy spacecraft, which would observe it en route to its main target of several Jupiter trojans. [10] The Lucy probe is named after the "Lucy" hominid fossil, while Donaldjohanson is named for that fossil's co-discoverer Donald Johanson (born 1943), an American paleoanthropologist. The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 25 December 2015 ( M.P.C. 97569). [1] [11]

    See also

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    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "52246 Donaldjohanson (1981 EQ5)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
    2. 1 2 3 4 5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 52246 Donaldjohanson (1981 EQ5)" (2017-01-29 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved 28 April 2018.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 Levison, H. F.; Olkin, C.; Noll, K. S.; Marchi, S.; Lucy Team (March 2017). "Lucy: Surveying the Diversity of the Trojan Asteroids: The Fossils of Planet Formation" (PDF). 48th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (1964): 2025. Bibcode:2017LPI....48.2025L . Retrieved 13 April 2017.
    4. 1 2 "Asteroid 52246 Donaldjohanson – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
    5. 1 2 3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv: 1109.4096 . Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. S2CID   118745497.
    6. 1 2 Levison, Harold F.; Olkin, Catherine B.; Noll, Keith S.; Marchi, Simone; Bell III, James F.; Bierhaus, Edward; et al. (October 2021). "Lucy Mission to the Trojan Asteroids: Science Goals". The Planetary Science Journal. 2 (5): 13. Bibcode:2021PSJ.....2..171L. doi: 10.3847/PSJ/abf840 .
    7. 1 2 Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv: 1502.01628 . Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN   9780816532131. S2CID   119280014.
    8. 1 2 Noll, Keith (4 December 2020). "Is the Lucy Mission Target (52246) Donaldjohanson a Binary?" (HST Proposal 16452). Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
    9. ↑ Ferrais, Marin; Jehin, Emmanuel; Manfroid, Jean; Moulane, Youssef; Barkaoui, Khalid; Benkhaldoun, Zouhair (October 2021). Rotation period determination of NASA Lucy mission target (52246) Donaldjohanson. 53rd Annual DPS Meeting. American Astronomical Society. 1226. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
    10. ↑ Casey Dreier; Emily Lakdawalla (30 September 2015). "NASA announces five Discovery proposals selected for further study". The Planetary Society. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
    11. ↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
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