Characteristics
The main component of the system, Gliese 414 A, is a relatively active orange dwarf, about 68% the size of the Sun and 65% its mass. [2] Its age is estimated at 12.4 billion years, about two and a half times the age of the Solar System. [2] It is orbited by two known exoplanets, called Gliese 414 Ab and Gliese 414 Ac.
The secondary component, Gliese 414 B, is a red dwarf of type M2V, that is 55% the size of the Sun and 54% its mass. [2] Unlike its companion star, Gliese 414 B is not orbited by any known planets. [6]
The binary star system is located in the northern hemisphere, approximately 38.8 light years from Earth, in the direction of the constellation Ursa Major. [4] [note 1] The closest star to the star system is CW Ursae Majoris, at a distance of 5.3 light-years. [6]
Nearest stars to Gliese 414 [6] | Name | Distance (light-years) |
|---|
| CW Ursae Majoris | 5.3 |
| DS Leonis | 5.9 |
| 2MASS J10475+2124 | 7.8 |
| Gliese 1138 | 8.1 |
| Gliese 1134 | 8.3 |
Planetary system
The primary star, Gliese 414 A, is orbited by two exoplanets. [2] They were discovered in 2020 by analyzing radial velocity data from Keck's HIRES instrument and the Automated Planet Finder at Lick Observatory, as well as photometric data from KELT. [7] [8]
The innermost planet, Gliese 414 Ab, orbits its star at an average distance of 0.23 astronomical units, making it close to the optimistic habitable zone. [2] Its orbit is eccentric (e = 0.45), which causes the distance from its star to vary from 0.13 to 0.34 AU, and its equilibrium temperature is calculated at 36 °C. [2] With a minimum mass of 7.6 M🜨, it is likely to have a significant volatile-rich envelope, thus being a poor candidate for habitability. [2] [8]
The outermost planet, Gliese 414 Ac, is a super-Neptune that orbits its star at a greater distance of 1.4 astronomical units, which makes it a frigid planet, having an equilibrium temperature of about -150 °C. [2] It is a good candidate for future direct imaging missions. [2] [7] [8]
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