Markarian 273

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Markarian 273
Hubble Interacting Galaxy Mrk 273 (2008-04-24).jpg
Mrk 273 by the Hubble Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Ursa Major
Right ascension 13h 44m 42.1s [1]
Declination +55° 53′ 13″ [1]
Redshift 0.037340 ± 0.000008 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 11,194 ± 2 km/s [1]
Distance 502 Mly (154 Mpc) [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)14.8
Characteristics
Type Pec [1]
Apparent size  (V)0.72′ × 0.40′ [1]
Notable featuresUltraluminous infrared galaxy, Seyfert galaxy
Other designations
UGC 8696, VV 851, I Zw 071, MCG +09-23-004, PGC 48711 [1]

Markarian 273 is a galaxy merger located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of about 500 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that Markarian 273 is about 130,000 light years across. [1] It is an ultraluminous infrared galaxy and a Seyfert galaxy.

Contents

Characteristics

Markarian 273 is a galaxy merger, the result of two or more galaxies colliding. When observed in mid infrared, two nuclei are visible, with a projected separation of about 0.75 kiloparsec. [2] The southwest nucleus is known to be active, due its X-ray emission, [3] while the northeast nucleus too displays a heavily absorbed X-ray spectrum, indicating that is also active. [2] The optical emission of the southwest nucleus corresponds to a type II Seyfert galaxy while the north one of a LINER. [4] A third component in the nuclear region is visible at the southeast in the radiowaves and could be a star cluster. [3]

The galaxy experiences a starburst, with a star formation rate of 139 M☉ per year. [5] This activity makes the galaxy shine bright in the infrared and it is categorised as ultra-luminous infrared galaxy, with total infrared luminosity of the galaxy is estimated to be 1012.1  L☉ . [6] The startburst takes place in a rotating disk with a radius 120 pc and a total mass of 2.6×109 M☉ which surrounds the north nucleus. [7] It has been suggested that this is the location of compact luminous supernovae remnants and radio supernovae. [8] The startburst is fed by large amounts of cold molecular gas. The gas has complex kinematics due to the presence of outflows. A kiloparsec scale outflow is visible towards the north in CO imaging, with the flow rate of 600 M☉ per year. [5] The outflows reach about 5 kpc from the nucleus. [9] There is also evidence of a bipolar superbubble. [10]

The merger has a tidal tail extending southwards for 40 kiloparsecs, that is seen edge-on. [3] Also south of the galaxy lies a giant X-ray nebula, measuring 40 by 40 kiloparsecs in size, that isn't closely related with the tidal tail. The gas temperature of the nebula is estimated to be 7 million K, possibly heated by galactic outflows. [2] Filaments and clumps of ionised gas visible in OIII are extending about 23 kpc to the east. [11] A warm gas ionised halo extends about 45 kpc from the nucleus, and is probably tidal debris from the merger. [12] When observed in radiowaves the galaxy has two large plumes, one to the south, extending to about 100 kpc, and one dimmer to the north, extending to about 190 kpc. [13]

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for MRK 273. Retrieved 2023-05-06.
  2. 1 2 3 Liu, Weizhe; Veilleux, Sylvain; Iwasawa, Kazushi; Rupke, David S. N.; Teng, Stacy; U, Vivian; Tombesi, Francesco; Sanders, David; Max, Claire E.; Meléndez, Marcio (8 February 2019). "Elliptical Galaxy in the Making: The Dual Active Galactic Nuclei and Metal-enriched Halo of Mrk 273". The Astrophysical Journal. 872 (1): 39. arXiv: 1901.04118 . Bibcode:2019ApJ...872...39L. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aafdfc .
  3. 1 2 3 Iwasawa, K.; Mazzarella, J. M.; Surace, J. A.; Sanders, D. B.; Armus, L.; Evans, A. S.; Howell, J. H.; Komossa, S.; Petric, A.; Teng, S. H.; U, V.; Veilleux, S. (April 2011). "The location of an active nucleus and a shadow of a tidal tail in the ULIRG Mrk 273". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 528: A137. arXiv: 1101.3659 . Bibcode:2011A&A...528A.137I. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201015872 .
  4. ↑ Colina, Luis; Arribas, Santiago; Borne, Kirk D. (10 December 1999). "Integral Field Spectroscopy of Markarian 273: Mapping High-Velocity Gas Flows and an Off-Nucleus Seyfert 2 Nebula". The Astrophysical Journal. 527 (1): L13–L16. arXiv: astro-ph/9910344 . Bibcode:1999ApJ...527L..13C. doi:10.1086/312389. hdl: 10261/199205 . PMID   10566988. S2CID   27436431.
  5. 1 2 Cicone, C.; Maiolino, R.; Sturm, E.; Graciá-Carpio, J.; Feruglio, C.; Neri, R.; Aalto, S.; Davies, R.; Fiore, F.; Fischer, J.; García-Burillo, S.; González-Alfonso, E.; Hailey-Dunsheath, S.; Piconcelli, E.; Veilleux, S. (February 2014). "Massive molecular outflows and evidence for AGN feedback from CO observations". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 562: A21. arXiv: 1311.2595 . Bibcode:2014A&A...562A..21C. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201322464 .
  6. ↑ Kim, D.-C.; Veilleux, S.; Sanders, D. B. (December 2002). "Optical and Near-Infrared Imaging of the IRAS 1 Jy Sample of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies. I. The Atlas". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 143 (2): 277–314. arXiv: astro-ph/0207373 . Bibcode:2002ApJS..143..277K. doi: 10.1086/343843 .
  7. ↑ Downes, D.; Solomon, P. M. (10 November 1998). "Rotating Nuclear Rings and Extreme Starbursts in Ultraluminous Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 507 (2): 615–654. arXiv: astro-ph/9806377 . Bibcode:1998ApJ...507..615D. doi: 10.1086/306339 .
  8. ↑ Bondi, M.; Pérez-Torres, M-A.; Dallacasa, D.; Muxlow, T. W. B. (September 2005). "A supernova factory in Mrk 273?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 361 (2): 748–752. arXiv: astro-ph/0505370 . Bibcode:2005MNRAS.361..748B. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09206.x .
  9. ↑ Leung, Gene C. K.; Coil, Alison L.; Rupke, David S. N.; Perrotta, Serena (1 June 2021). "KCWI Observations of the Extended Nebulae in Mrk 273". The Astrophysical Journal. 914 (1): 17. arXiv: 2011.09587 . Bibcode:2021ApJ...914...17L. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/abf4da .
  10. ↑ Rupke, David S. N.; Veilleux, Sylvain (16 April 2013). "The Multiphase Structure and Power Sources of Galactic Winds in Major Mergers". The Astrophysical Journal. 768 (1): 75. arXiv: 1303.6866 . Bibcode:2013ApJ...768...75R. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/768/1/75. S2CID   118390059.
  11. ↑ Rodríguez Zaurín, J.; Tadhunter, C. N.; Rupke, D. S. N.; Veilleux, S.; Spoon, H. W. W.; Chiaberge, M.; Ramos Almeida, C.; Batcheldor, D.; Sparks, W. B. (November 2014). "Extended warm gas in the ULIRG Mrk273: Galactic outflows and tidal debris". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 571: A57. arXiv: 1407.6301 . Bibcode:2014A&A...571A..57R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423540. S2CID   59132144.
  12. ↑ Spence, R. A. W.; Zaurín, J. Rodríguez; Tadhunter, C. N.; Rose, M.; Cabrera-Lavers, A.; Spoon, H.; Muñoz-Tuñón, C. (11 June 2016). "No evidence for large-scale outflows in the extended ionized halo of ULIRG Mrk273". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 459 (1): L16–L20. arXiv: 1603.00488 . doi: 10.1093/mnrasl/slw033 .
  13. ↑ Kukreti, P.; Morganti, R.; Bondi, M.; Oosterloo, T.; Tadhunter, C.; Morabito, L. K.; Adams, E. A. K.; Adebahr, B.; de Blok, W. J. G.; de Gasperin, F.; Drabent, A.; Hess, K. M.; Ivashina, M. V.; Kutkin, A.; Mika, á. M.; Oostrum, L. C.; Shimwell, T. W.; van der Hulst, J. M.; van Leeuwen, J.; van Weeren, R. J.; Vohl, D.; Ziemke, J. (August 2022). "Seeing the forest and the trees: A radio investigation of the ULIRG Mrk 273". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 664: A25. arXiv: 2206.02847 . Bibcode:2022A&A...664A..25K. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243174 .
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