Markarian 273 | |
---|---|
Observation data (J2000 epoch) | |
Constellation | Ursa Major |
Right ascension | 13h 44m 42.1s [1] |
Declination | +55° 53′ 13″ [1] |
Redshift | 0.037340 ± 0.000008 [1] |
Heliocentric radial velocity | 11,194 ± 2 km/s [1] |
Distance | 502 Mly (154 Mpc) [1] |
Apparent magnitude (V) | 14.8 |
Characteristics | |
Type | Pec [1] |
Apparent size (V) | 0.72′ × 0.40′ [1] |
Notable features | Ultraluminous infrared galaxy, Seyfert galaxy |
Other designations | |
UGC 8696, VV 851, I Zw 071, MCG +09-23-004, PGC 48711 [1] |
Markarian 273 is a galaxy merger located in the constellation Ursa Major. It is located at a distance of about 500 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that Markarian 273 is about 130,000 light years across. [1] It is an ultraluminous infrared galaxy and a Seyfert galaxy.
Markarian 273 is a galaxy merger, the result of two or more galaxies colliding. When observed in mid infrared, two nuclei are visible, with a projected separation of about 0.75 kiloparsec. [2] The southwest nucleus is known to be active, due its X-ray emission, [3] while the northeast nucleus too displays a heavily absorbed X-ray spectrum, indicating that is also active. [2] The optical emission of the southwest nucleus corresponds to a type II Seyfert galaxy while the north one of a LINER. [4] A third component in the nuclear region is visible at the southeast in the radiowaves and could be a star cluster. [3]
The galaxy experiences a starburst, with a star formation rate of 139 M☉ per year. [5] This activity makes the galaxy shine bright in the infrared and it is categorised as ultra-luminous infrared galaxy, with total infrared luminosity of the galaxy is estimated to be 1012.1 L☉ . [6] The startburst takes place in a rotating disk with a radius 120 pc and a total mass of 2.6×109 M☉ which surrounds the north nucleus. [7] It has been suggested that this is the location of compact luminous supernovae remnants and radio supernovae. [8] The startburst is fed by large amounts of cold molecular gas. The gas has complex kinematics due to the presence of outflows. A kiloparsec scale outflow is visible towards the north in CO imaging, with the flow rate of 600 M☉ per year. [5] The outflows reach about 5 kpc from the nucleus. [9] There is also evidence of a bipolar superbubble. [10]
The merger has a tidal tail extending southwards for 40 kiloparsecs, that is seen edge-on. [3] Also south of the galaxy lies a giant X-ray nebula, measuring 40 by 40 kiloparsecs in size, that isn't closely related with the tidal tail. The gas temperature of the nebula is estimated to be 7 million K, possibly heated by galactic outflows. [2] Filaments and clumps of ionised gas visible in OIII are extending about 23 kpc to the east. [11] A warm gas ionised halo extends about 45 kpc from the nucleus, and is probably tidal debris from the merger. [12] When observed in radiowaves the galaxy has two large plumes, one to the south, extending to about 100 kpc, and one dimmer to the north, extending to about 190 kpc. [13]
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