NGC 3198

Last updated
NGC 3198
NGC3198 - Iotw2035a.jpg
NGC 3198 imaged by the Nicholas U. Mayall Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Ursa Major
Right ascension 10h 19m 55.0022s [1]
Declination +45° 32′ 59.337″ [1]
Redshift 0.00227 [2]
Distance 47 Mly [3]
Apparent magnitude  (V)10.3 [4]
Characteristics
Type SB(rs)c [4]
Size~121,800  ly (37.33  kpc) (estimated) [1]
Apparent size  (V)8.5′ × 3.3′ [4]
Other designations
IRAS 10168+4548, UGC 5572, MCG +08-19-020, PGC 30197, CGCG 240-030 [2]

NGC 3198, also known as Herschel 146 [5] is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by William Herschel on 15 January 1788. [6] [3] NGC 3198 is located in the Leo Spur, [3] which is part of the Virgo Supercluster, [7] and is approximately 47 million light years away. [3]

Contents

NGC 3198 was one of 18 galaxies targeted by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale, which aimed to calibrate various secondary distance indicators and determine the Hubble constant to an accuracy of 10%. The type and orientation of NGC 3198 made it suitable for these measurements. [8] The Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) of the HST was used to measure the magnitudes of 52 Cepheid variables, and the resulting distance modulus corresponded to a distance of 14.5 Mpc (47 million light years). [8]

Observations made with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope detected for the first time the presence of extraplanar gas. [9] The extraplanar gas makes up approximately 15% of the total atomic hydrogen (HI) mass of the galaxy. [9]

Supernovae

Two supernovae have been observed in NGC 3198:

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Messier 66</span> Intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo

Messier 66 or M66, also known as NGC 3627, is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the southern, equatorial half of Leo. It was discovered by French astronomer Charles Messier on 1 March 1780, who described it as "very long and very faint". This galaxy is a member of a small group of galaxies that includes M65 and NGC 3628, known as the Leo Triplet or the M66 Group. M65 and M66 are a common object for amateur astronomic observation, being separated by only 20′.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2403</span> Galaxy in the constellation Camelopardalis

NGC 2403 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Camelopardalis. It is an outlying member of the M81 Group, and is approximately 8 million light-years distant. It bears a similarity to M33, being about 50,000 light years in diameter and containing numerous star-forming H II regions. The northern spiral arm connects it to the star forming region NGC 2404. NGC 2403 can be observed using 10×50 binoculars. NGC 2404 is 940 light-years in diameter, making it one of the largest known H II regions. This H II region represents striking similarity with NGC 604 in M33, both in size and location in galaxy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3982</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 3982(also known as UGC 6918) is an intermediate spiral galaxy approximately 68 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by William Herschel on April 14, 1789, and misclassified as a planetary nebula. NGC 3982 is a part of the M109 Group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 7331</span> Galaxy in the constellation Pegasus

NGC 7331, also known as Caldwell 30, is an unbarred spiral galaxy about 40 million light-years (12 Mpc) away in the constellation Pegasus. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1784. NGC 7331 is the brightest galaxy in the field of a visual grouping known as the NGC 7331 Group of galaxies. In fact, the other members of the group, NGC 7335, NGC 7336, NGC 7337 and NGC 7340, lie far in the background at distances of approximately 300–350 million light years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4414</span> Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices

NGC 4414, also known as the Dusty Spiral Galaxy, is an unbarred spiral galaxy about 62 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 13 March 1785.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2442 and NGC 2443</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Volans

NGC 2442 and NGC 2443 are two parts of a single intermediate spiral galaxy, commonly known as the Meathook Galaxy or the Cobra and Mouse. It is about 50 million light-years away in the constellation Volans. It was discovered by Sir John Herschel on December 23, 1834 during his survey of southern skies with a 18.25 inch diameter reflecting telescope from an observatory he set up in Cape Town, South Africa. Associated with this galaxy is HIPASS J0731-69, a cloud of gas devoid of any stars. It is likely that the cloud was torn loose from NGC 2442 by a companion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2841</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 2841 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Major. It was discovered on 9 March, 1788 by German-born astronomer William Herschel. J. L. E. Dreyer, the author of the New General Catalogue, described it as, "very bright, large, very much extended 151°, very suddenly much brighter middle equal to 10th magnitude star". Initially thought to be about 30 million light-years distant, a 2001 Hubble Space Telescope survey of the galaxy's Cepheid variables determined its distance to be approximately 14.1 megaparsecs or 46 million light-years. The optical size of the galaxy is 8.1′ × 3.5′.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 772</span> Galaxy in the constellation Aries

NGC 772 is a large unbarred spiral galaxy approximately 106 million light-years away in the constellation Aries. It was discovered on 29 November 1785 by German-British astronomer William Herschel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 6744</span> Galaxy in the constellation Pavo

NGC 6744 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Pavo (Peacock). Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 802 ± 3 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 38.6 ± 2.7 Mly (11.82 ± 0.83 Mpc). However, 21 non redshift measurements give a distance of 23.63 ± 1.68 Mly (7.244 ± 0.514 Mpc). It was discovered on 30 June 1826 by Scottish astronomer James Dunlop, observing from Parramatta, Australia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5253</span> Irregular galaxy in the M83 group of galaxies

NGC 5253 is an irregular galaxy in the constellation Centaurus. It was discovered by William Herschel on 15 March 1787.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5490</span> Radio galaxy in the constellation Boötes

NGC 5490 is a large elliptical galaxy located in the constellation of Boötes. Its velocity relative to the cosmic microwave background is 5,075 ± 22 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 244.1 ± 17.1 Mly (74.85 ± 5.25 Mpc). In addition, 13 non-redshift measurements gives a distance of 269.98 ± 15.01 Mly (82.777 ± 4.603 Mpc). NGC 5490 was discovered by the German-British astronomer William Herschel on 14 March 1784.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3621</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Hydra

NGC 3621 is a field spiral galaxy about 22 Mly (6.7 Mpc) away in the equatorial constellation of Hydra. It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel on 17 February 1790.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 3938</span> Galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major

NGC 3938 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the Ursa Major constellation. It was discovered on 6 February 1788 by William Herschel. It is one of the brightest spiral galaxies in the Ursa Major South galaxy group and is roughly 67,000 light years in diameter. It is approximately 43 million light years away from Earth. NGC 3938 is classified as type Sc under the Hubble sequence, a loosely wound spiral galaxy with a smaller and dimmer bulge. The spiral arms of the galaxy contain many areas of ionized atomic hydrogen gas, more so towards the center.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 524</span> Lenticular galaxy in the constellation Pisces

NGC 524 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It is at a distance of about 90 million light-years away from Earth. In the central bulge of the galaxy is visible gas forming a spiral structure. It is the largest galaxy in the small NGC 524 group of galaxies, which is associated with NGC 488 and its group. It was discovered by William Herschel on 4 September 1786.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 1084</span> Galaxy in the constellation Eridanus

NGC 1084 is an unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation Eridanus. It is located at a distance of about 63 million light-years away from the Milky Way. The galaxy was discovered by William Herschel on 10 January 1785. It has multiple spiral arms, which are not well defined. It belongs in the same galaxy group with NGC 988, NGC 991, NGC 1022, NGC 1035, NGC 1042, NGC 1047, NGC 1052 and NGC 1110. This group is in turn associated with the Messier 77 group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 132</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus

NGC 132 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 5015 ± 25 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 241.3 ± 16.9 Mly (73.97 ± 5.19 Mpc). In addition, three non redshift measurements give a distance of 250.81 ± 2.14 Mly (76.900 ± 0.656 Mpc). It was discovered on 25 December 1790 by German-British astronomer William Herschel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 521</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Cetus

NGC 521, also occasionally referred to as PGC 5190 or UGC 962, is a barred spiral galaxy located approximately 224 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on 8 October 1785 by astronomer William Herschel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 4242</span> Galaxy in constellation Canes Venatici

NGC 4242 is a spiral galaxy in the northern constellation of Canes Venatici. The galaxy is about 18 million light years away. It was discovered on 10 April 1788 by William Herschel, and it was described as "very faint, considerably large, irregular, round, very gradually brighter in the middle, resolvable" by John Louis Emil Dreyer, the compiler of the New General Catalogue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 5468</span> Spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo

NGC 5468 is an intermediate spiral galaxy located in the constellation Virgo. It is located at a distance of about 140 million light-years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 5468 is about 110,000 light-years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 5, 1785.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 664</span> Galaxy in the constellation Pisces

NGC 664 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Pisces. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 5137 ± 21 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 247.1 ± 17.3 Mly (75.77 ± 5.31 Mpc). In addition, six non redshift measurements give a distance of 218.91 ± 3.66 Mly (67.117 ± 1.123 Mpc). It was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel on 24 September 1830.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Results for object NGC 3198". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. NASA and Caltech . Retrieved 14 December 2024.
  2. 1 2 "NGC 3198". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 5 July 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 O'Meara, Stephen James (2011). Deep-Sky Companions: The Secret Deep, Volume 4. Photographs by Mario Motta. Cambridge University Press. pp. 186–188. ISBN   978-1-139-50007-4.
  4. 1 2 3 Bratton, Mark (2011). The Complete Guide to the Herschel Objects. Cambridge University Press. p. 440. ISBN   978-0-521-76892-4.
  5. ↑ Clark, Maurice. "Herschel 146 / NGC 3198". Herschel 400 List Objects. Retrieved 2017-01-25.
  6. ↑ Seligman, Courtney. "New General Catalogue Objects: NGC 3198". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
  7. ↑ Monks, Neale (2010). Go-To Telescopes Under Suburban Skies. Springer. p. 53. ISBN   978-1-4419-6851-7.
  8. 1 2 Kelson, Daniel (1999). "The Hubble Space Telescope Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale. XIX. The Discovery of Cepheids in and a New Distance to NGC 3198". The Astrophysical Journal . 514 (2): 614–636. Bibcode:1999ApJ...514..614K. doi: 10.1086/306989 .
  9. 1 2 Gentile, G. (2013). "HALOGAS: Extraplanar gas in NGC 3198". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 554: A125. arXiv: 1304.4232 . Bibcode:2013A&A...554A.125G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321116. S2CID   56047203.
  10. ↑ "SN 1966J". Transient Name Server. IAU . Retrieved 31 August 2024.
  11. ↑ Gingerich, Owen (22 December 1966). "Circular No. 1986". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
  12. ↑ Bishop, David. "Supernova 1999bw in NGC 3198". Astronomy Section Rochester Academy of Science. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  13. ↑ Ransome, C. L.; Habergham-Mawson, S. M.; Darnley, M. J.; James, P. A.; Filippenko, A. V.; Schlegel, E. M. (2021). "A systematic reclassification of Type IIn supernovae". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 506 (4): 4715–4734. arXiv: 2107.02179 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/stab1938 .
  14. ↑ "AT 1999bw". Transient Name Server. IAU . Retrieved 31 August 2024.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.