NGC 3448

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NGC 3448
Arp 205 HST.jpg
NGC 3448 by Hubble Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Ursa Major
Right ascension 10h 54m 39.2s [1]
Declination +54° 18′ 18″ [1]
Redshift 0.004503 ± 0.000017 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 1,350 ± 5 km/s [1]
Distance 77.4 ± 3.5 Mly (23.75 ± 1.06 Mpc) [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)11.6 [2]
Characteristics
Type I0 [1]
Apparent size  (V)5.6′ × 1.8′ [1]
Notable features Interacting galaxy
Other designations
UGC 6024, Arp 205, MCG +09-18-055, IRAS 10516+5434, PGC 32774, 7C 1051+5434

NGC 3448 is an irregular galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. The galaxy lies about 75 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 3448 is approximately 125,000 light years across. [1] It was discovered by William Herschel on April 17, 1789. [3]

Contents

Characteristics

The galaxy is seen edge-on and is categorised as an amorphous galaxy with material ejected from nucleus in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. The galaxy interacts with UGC 6016, a dwarf barred spiral galaxy with low surface brightenss which appears perturbated. UGC 6016 lies 3.9 arcminutes away from NGC 3448. [4] There is material between the two galaxies, probably tidal debris, and a tidal plume emanates from the side of NGC 3448 opposite of UGC 6016. [4] Noreau and Kronberg in 1986 found there is non-continuous hydrogen bridge between the two galaxies though. [5] The bridge is also visible in near ultraviolet. [6]

The galaxy has a central dust lane that lies at an angle of 20° with respect to the rest of the galaxy. [5] A series of radio sources lie along the dust lane that could be supernova remnants, indicating the galaxy is undergoing intense star formation fueled by the tidal interaction. [7] The total star formation rate is estimated to be 1.371+0.065
−0.047M☉ per year. [6] A spiral arm is visible in radiowaves, with one more possibly present in the other side of the nucleus. [8] The dynamics of NGC 3448 are perturbated due to tidal interaction and material is reintergrating to the galaxy, obscuring parts of the galaxy in visible light. [5] The galaxy has a warped hydrogen disk that extends beyond the visual one, along with the tidal plumes. [9]

Supernova

One supernova has been observed in NGC 3448, SN 2014G. The supernova was discovered on 14 January 2014 by Koichi Itagaki, when it had an apparent magnitude of 15.6. [10] The spectrum of the supernova indicates it was a type II supernova, with initial spectra indicating a type IIn while during its light curve post maximum indicates it was a type II-L. [11] [12]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 3448. Retrieved 2024-03-26.
  2. ↑ "Revised NGC Data for NGC 3448". spider.seds.org. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
  3. ↑ Seligman, Courtney. "NGC 3448 (= PGC 32774, and with PGC 32740 = Arp 205)". Celestial Atlas. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  4. 1 2 Sandage, A., Bedke, J. (1994), The Carnegie Atlas of Galaxies. Volume I, Carnegie Institution of Washington
  5. 1 2 3 Noreau, Louis; Kronberg, P. P. (November 1986). "The amorphous galaxy NGC 3448. I - Photometry, dynamics, and modeling". The Astronomical Journal. 92: 1048. Bibcode:1986AJ.....92.1048N. doi:10.1086/114236.
  6. 1 2 Lanz, Lauranne; Zezas, Andreas; Brassington, Nicola; Smith, Howard A.; Ashby, Matthew L. N.; da Cunha, Elisabete; Fazio, Giovanni G.; Hayward, Christopher C.; Hernquist, Lars; Jonsson, Patrik (17 April 2013). "Global Star Formation Rates and Dust Emission over the Galaxy Interaction Sequence". The Astrophysical Journal. 768 (1): 90. arXiv: 1302.5011 . Bibcode:2013ApJ...768...90L. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/768/1/90.
  7. ↑ Noreau, Louis; Kronberg, Philipp P. (May 1987). "The amorphous galaxy NGC 3448. II - Continuum radio emission, and the discovery of a population of starburst-associated radio sources". The Astronomical Journal. 93: 1045. Bibcode:1987AJ.....93.1045N. doi:10.1086/114387.
  8. ↑ Irwin, Judith; Wiegert, Theresa; Merritt, Alison; Weżgowiec, Marek; Hunt, Lucas; Woodfinden, Alex; Stein, Yelena; Damas-Segovia, Ancor; Li, Jiangtao; Wang, Q. Daniel; Johnson, Megan; Krause, Marita; Dettmar, Ralf-Jürgen; Im, Jisung; Schmidt, Philip; Miskolczi, Arpad; Braun, Timothy T.; Saikia, D. J.; English, Jayanne; Richardson, Mark (1 July 2019). "CHANG-ES. XX. High-resolution Radio Continuum Images of Edge-on Galaxies and Their AGNs: Data Release 3". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (1): 21. arXiv: 1905.05160 . Bibcode:2019AJ....158...21I. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab25f6 .
  9. ↑ Zheng, Yun; Wang, Jing; Irwin, Judith; English, Jayanne; Ma, Qingchuan; Wang, Ran; Wang, Ke; Wang, Q Daniel; Krause, Marita; Randriamampandry, Toky H; Li, Jiangtao; Beck, Rainer (29 April 2022). "CHANG-ES XXV: H i imaging of nearby edge-on galaxies – Data Release 4". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 513 (1): 1329–1353. arXiv: 2203.07818 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/stac760 .
  10. ↑ Nakano, S. (1 January 2014). "Supernova 2014G in NGC 3448 = Psn J10543413+5417569". Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams. 3787: 1. Bibcode:2014CBET.3787....1N.
  11. ↑ Terreran, G.; Jerkstrand, A.; Benetti, S.; Smartt, S. J.; Ochner, P.; Tomasella, L.; Howell, D. A.; Morales-Garoffolo, A.; Harutyunyan, A.; Kankare, E.; Arcavi, I.; Cappellaro, E.; Elias-Rosa, N.; Hosseinzadeh, G.; Kangas, T.; Pastorello, A.; Tartaglia, L.; Turatto, M.; Valenti, S.; Wiggins, P.; Yuan, F. (11 October 2016). "The multifaceted Type II-L supernova 2014G from pre-maximum to nebular phase". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 462 (1): 137–157. arXiv: 1605.06116 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/stw1591 .
  12. ↑ Bose, Subhash; Kumar, Brijesh; Misra, Kuntal; Matsumoto, Katsura; Kumar, Brajesh; Singh, Mridweeka; Fukushima, Daiki; Kawabata, Miho (21 January 2016). "Photometric and polarimetric observations of fast declining Type II supernovae 2013hj and 2014G". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 455 (3): 2712–2730. arXiv: 1510.01927 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/stv2351 .
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