Groombridge 1830

Last updated
Groombridge 1830
Ursa Major constellation map.svg
Location dot red.svg
The red dot shows the location of Groombridge 1830 in Ursa Major.
HR 4550 Pos.gif
Detailed position of HR 4550 ( = Groombridge 1830; bottom-left edge) related to Chi UMa and Psi UMa.
Observation data
Epoch J2000       Equinox J2000
Constellation Ursa Major
Right ascension 11h 52m 58.7675s [1]
Declination +37° 43′ 07.2553″ [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)6.44 [2]
Characteristics
Spectral type G8VIp [3]
U−B color index +0.16 [2]
B−V color index +0.75 [2]
Variable type Suspected [4]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)–98.0 [5]  km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 4002.567±0.070 [1]   mas/yr
Dec.: −5817.856±0.056 [1]   mas/yr
Parallax (π)108.9551 ± 0.0490  mas [1]
Distance 29.93 ± 0.01  ly
(9.178 ± 0.004  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)6.64 [6]
Details
Mass 0.661 [7]   M☉
Radius 0.681 ± 0.006 [8]   R☉
Luminosity 0.212 ± 0.002 [8]   L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.68 [9]   cgs
Temperature 4,759 ± 20 [8]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]–1.33 [9]   dex
Age 4.7–5.3 [10]   Gyr
Other designations
BD+38 2285, FK5 1307, GCTP 2745.00, GJ 451, HIP 57939, HR 4550, HD 103095, LHS 44, LTT 13276, SAO 62738, 1830 Groombridge, Argelander's Star
Database references
SIMBAD data

Groombridge 1830 (also known as 1830 Groombridge or Argelander's Star) [11] is a star in the constellation Ursa Major.

Contents

Description

It is a yellow-hued class G8 subdwarf catalogued by British astronomer Stephen Groombridge with the Groombridge Transit Circle between 1806 and the 1830s and published posthumously in his star catalog, Catalogue of Circumpolar Stars (1838). Its high proper motion was noted by Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander in 1842.

It is 29.9 light-years (9.2 parsecs ) from the Sun as measured by the Gaia spacecraft, [1] which, as the distance is nearly 10 parsecs, means its absolute magnitude is almost equal to its apparent magnitude. It is a member of the galactic halo; such stars account for only 0.1 to 0.2 percent of the stars near the Sun. Like most halo stars, it has a low abundance of elements other than hydrogen and helium—what astronomers term a metal-poor star. [12]

Once suspected of being a binary star with a period of 175 days, current consensus is that it is single. Previous suspected observations of a stellar companion were probably "superflares"—analogous to the Sun's solar flares, but hundreds to millions of times more energetic. [12] [13] It had one of the first nine identified superflares.

Proper motion

When discovered, it had the highest proper motion of any star known, replacing 61 Cygni in that department. Later it dropped to second place after the discovery of Kapteyn's Star, and still later to third place after the discovery of Barnard's Star. It is considerably farther away than either of those stars, however, which means its transverse velocity is greater.

See also

Related Research Articles

Chi<sup>1</sup> Orionis Star in the constellation Orion

Chi1 Orionis is a star about 28 light years away. It is in the constellation Orion, where it can be seen in the tip of the hunter's upraised club.

Groombridge 1618 is a star in the northern constellation Ursa Major. With an apparent visual magnitude of +6.6, it lies at or below the threshold of stars visible to the naked eye for an average observer. It is relatively close to Earth, at 15.89 light-years (4.87 pc). This is a main sequence star of spectral type K7.5 Ve, having just 67% of the Sun's mass.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Groombridge 34</span> Binary star system in the constellation of Andromeda

Groombridge 34 is a binary star system in the northern constellation of Andromeda. It was listed as entry number 34 in A Catalogue of Circumpolar Stars, published posthumously in 1838 by British astronomer Stephen Groombridge. Based upon parallax measurements taken by the Gaia spacecraft, the system is located about 11.6 light-years from the Sun. This positions the pair among the nearest stars to the Solar System.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beta Comae Berenices</span> Star in the constellation Coma Berenices

Beta Comae Berenices is a main sequence dwarf star in the northern constellation of Coma Berenices. It is located at a distance of about 29.95 light-years from Earth. The Greek letter beta (β) usually indicates that the star has the second highest visual magnitude in the constellation. However, with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.3, this star is actually slightly brighter than α Comae Berenices. It can be seen with the naked eye, but may be too dim to be viewed from a built-up urban area.

23 Andromedae, abbreviated 23 And, is a presumed single star in the constellation Andromeda, although it has been a suspected spectroscopic binary. 23 Andromedae is the Flamsteed designation. Its apparent visual magnitude is 5.71, which indicates it is dimly visible to the naked eye under good viewing conditions. The distance to 23 And, as determined from its annual parallax shift of 26.8 mas, is 121.6 light years. The star is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −27 km/s. It has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 0.191″ per year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sigma Boötis</span> Star in the constellation Boötes

Sigma Boötis, its name Latinized from σ Boötis, is a single star in the northern constellation of Boötes. It has a yellow-white hue and is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.46. Located to the southeast of Rho Boötis, the dwarf Sigma may at first appear as a naked-eye double, but the angular proximity with Rho is merely line-of-sight. Sigma Boötis is located at a distance of 51.1 light years from the Sun based on parallax. The star has a relatively high proper motion and is traversing the sky at the rate of 0.230″ yr−1.

3 Cancri is a single star in the zodiac constellation of Cancer, located around 810 light years from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a dim, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.60. This object is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +39.5 km/s, and may be a member of the Hyades group. It is located near the ecliptic and thus is subject to lunar eclipses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beta Canum Venaticorum</span> Star in constellation Canes Venatici

Beta Canum Venaticorum, also named Chara, is a G-type main-sequence star in the northern constellation of Canes Venatici. At an apparent visual magnitude of 4.25, it is the second-brightest star in the constellation. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 118 mas, this star is 27.6 light-years distant from the Sun.

HD 142 is a wide binary star system in the southern constellation of Phoenix. The main component has a yellow-white hue and is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.7. The system is located at a distance of 85.5 light years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +6 km/s.

Psi<sup>3</sup> Aurigae Star in the constellation Auriga

Psi3 Aurigae, Latinized from ψ3 Aurigae, is a single, blue-white hued star in the northern constellation of Auriga. It is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.20. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 2.38 ± 0.39 mas as seen from the Earth, it is approximately 1,370 light-years distant from the Sun.

61 Ursae Majoris, abbreviated 61 UMa, is a single star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Major. It has a yellow-orange hue and is dimly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.35. The distance to this star is 31.2 light years based on parallax, and it is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −5.2 km/s. The star has a relatively high proper motion traversing the sky at the rate of 0.381″ yr−1.

HD 172051 is a single, yellow-hued star in the southern constellation of Sagittarius. The star is barely bright enough to be seen with the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 5.85. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 76.64 mas, it is located some 43 light years from the Sun. It is moving away from the Sun with a radial velocity of +37 km/s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Theta Persei</span> Star system in the constellation Perseus

Theta Persei is a star system 37 light years away from Earth, in the constellation Perseus. It is one of the closest naked-eye stars.

HR 4458 is a binary star system in the equatorial constellation of Hydra. It has the Gould designation 289 G. Hydrae; HR 4458 is the Bright Star Catalogue designation. At a distance of 31.13 light years, it is the closest star system to the Solar System within this constellation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a dim, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.97. It is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −22 km/s.

16 Lyrae is a suspected astrometric binary star system in the constellation Lyra, located 126 light years away from the Sun based on parallax. It is visible to the naked eye as a dim, white-hued star with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 5.00. The system is moving further away from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +5 km/s. It is a suspected member of the Ursa Major Moving Group stream.

HD 167965 is a single star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It is dimly visible to the naked eye on a sufficiently dark night, having an apparent visual magnitude of 5.56. The star is located at a distance of approximately 590 light years from the Sun based on parallax. It is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −20.5 km/s and is predicted to come as near as 72.7 light-years in around 8.5 million years.

HD 87822 is a triple star in the northern constellation of Leo Minor. The inner pair orbit each other with a period of about 18 years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eta Sagittae</span> Star in the constellation Sagitta

Eta Sagittae (η Sagittae) is solitary star in the northern constellation of Sagitta. It is faintly visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of +5.09. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 20.34 mas, it is approximately 160 light years distant from the Sun. There is a 61.1% chance that it is a member of the Hyades-Pleiades stream of stars that share a common motion through space.

f Eridani Multiple star system in the constellation Eridanus

f Eridani is a binary, or possibly a triple, star system in the equatorial constellation of Eridanus, consisting of stars HD 24071 and HD 24072. They share a single Hipparcos catalogue entry, HIP 17797, but have separate Bright Star Catalogue listings, HR 1189 and 1190. f Eridani is the Bayer designation of the pair.

HD 64307, also known as HR 3075, is a solitary, orange hued star located in the northern circumpolar constellation Camelopardalis. It has an apparent magnitude of 5.35, allowing it to be faintly seen with the naked eye. Based on parallax measurements from the Gaia spacecraft, The object is estimated to be 690 light years distant. It appears to be receding from the Sun, having a heliocentric radial velocity of 34 km/s.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 Argue, A. N. (1966). "UBV photometry of 550 F, G and K type stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 133 (4): 475–493. Bibcode:1966MNRAS.133..475A. doi: 10.1093/mnras/133.4.475 .
  3. ↑ Johnson, H. L.; Morgan, W. W. (1953). "Fundamental stellar photometry for standards of spectral type on the revised system of the Yerkes spectral atlas". Astrophysical Journal. 117: 313–352. Bibcode:1953ApJ...117..313J. doi:10.1086/145697.
  4. ↑ Kukarkin, B. V.; et al. (1981). "Catalogue of suspected variable stars". Nachrichtenblatt der Vereinigung der Sternfreunde. Moscow, USSR: Academy of Sciences. Bibcode:1981NVS...C......0K.
  5. ↑ Evans, D. S. (June 20–24, 1966). "The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities". In Batten, Alan Henry; Heard, John Frederick (eds.). Determination of Radial Velocities and their Applications, Proceedings from IAU Symposium no. 30. University of Toronto: International Astronomical Union. Bibcode:1967IAUS...30...57E.
  6. ↑ Holmberg, J.; et al. (July 2009), "The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the solar neighbourhood. III. Improved distances, ages, and kinematics", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 501 (3): 941–947, arXiv: 0811.3982 , Bibcode:2009A&A...501..941H, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811191, S2CID   118577511.
  7. ↑ Takeda, Genya; Ford, Eric B.; Sills, Alison; Rasio, Frederic A.; Fischer, Debra A.; Valenti, Jeff A. (February 2007). "Structure and Evolution of Nearby Stars with Planets. II. Physical Properties of ~1000 Cool Stars from the SPOCS Catalog". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 168 (2): 297–318. arXiv: astro-ph/0607235 . Bibcode:2007ApJS..168..297T. doi:10.1086/509763. S2CID   18775378.
  8. 1 2 3 Boyajian, Tabetha S.; et al. (February 2012), "Stellar Diameters and Temperatures. I. Main-sequence A, F, and G Stars", The Astrophysical Journal, 746 (1): 101, arXiv: 1112.3316 , Bibcode:2012ApJ...746..101B, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/746/1/101, S2CID   18993744 . See Table 10.
  9. 1 2 Soubiran, C.; Bienaymé, O.; Mishenina, T. V.; Kovtyukh, V. V. (March 2008). "Vertical distribution of Galactic disk stars. IV. AMR and AVR from clump giants". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 480 (1): 91–101. arXiv: 0712.1370 . Bibcode:2008A&A...480...91S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078788. S2CID   16602121.
  10. ↑ Mamajek, Eric E.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A. (November 2008). "Improved Age Estimation for Solar-Type Dwarfs Using Activity-Rotation Diagnostics". The Astrophysical Journal. 687 (2): 1264–1293. arXiv: 0807.1686 . Bibcode:2008ApJ...687.1264M. doi:10.1086/591785. S2CID   27151456.
  11. ↑ Peters, C. A. F.; "On the Parallax of Argelander's Star", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, December 1853, v.50, p.302, Bibcode : 1853MNRAS..14...49P
  12. 1 2 "Groombridge 1830". SolStation.
  13. ↑ Rubenstein, Eric P. (February 2001). "Superflares and Giant Planets". American Scientist. 89 (1): 38. arXiv: astro-ph/0101573 . Bibcode:2001AmSci..89...38R. doi:10.1511/2001.1.38. S2CID   119439101.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.