4C 58.17

Last updated
4C 58.17
Image of 4C 58.17.png
SDSS image of 4C 58.17
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
Constellation Ursa Major
Right ascension 08h 54m 41.99s [1]
Declination +57° 57′ 29.93″ [1]
Redshift 1.317368 [1]
Heliocentric radial velocity 394,937 km/s [1]
Distance 9.036 Gly
Apparent magnitude  (V)18.18
Apparent magnitude  (B)18.56
Characteristics
Type LPQ FSRQ [1]
Size~215,000  ly (65.8  kpc) (estimated) [1]
Notable features superluminal quasar
Other designations
SDSS J085442.00+575729.9, LEDA 2821457, NVSS J085441+575729, VLSS J0854.7+5757, 6C B085050.2+580854, S4 0850+58, VIPS 163, RX J0854.6+5757, 2CXO J085442.0+575730 [1]

4C 58.17 also known as 0850+581, is a quasar located in the northern constellation of Ursa Major. The redshift of the object is (z) 1.317 estimating a light-travel time distance of 9 billion light years away from Earth [1] and was first discovered as an astronomical radio source by astronomers in 1981. [2] It is a flat-spectrum radio quasar and a superluminal source. [3] [4]

Contents

Description

4C 58.17 is found to have a compact triple radio structure. [5] [4] When imaged with Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), it is shown to have a core-jet morphology that is typical of powerful observed quasars, being mainly dominated by strong nuclear radio emission with a bright radio core and a secondary component present at a position angle of 170° with its distance being 4.5 milliarcseconds away. [6] New VLBI and Very Large Array (VLA) observations showed there is a northern component on mas-scales, several secondary components and a weak resolved feature present in the quasar. This northern component is estimated to hold 85% of the flux density. [7]

A study published in 1986, would find 4C 58.17 has superluminal motion in its core. Based on studies, the core of the source is found to be expanding at a speed of 5.3 ± 0.8 per hour with its components separation increasing while the position angle of the components decreases per year. [4] It is found there a new component has emerged close to the core position, described as elongated along the position angle of 174 ± 4°. [7] The core itself is variable at slight frequencies with a fair steep spectrum of between 15 to 5 GHz. [4] It is suggested, then core might also be shifting by one milliarcsecond between 2 and 8 GHz. [8]

The jet travelling from the core region towards a southeast hotspot on arcsecond scales in 4C 58.17, is described as both curved and knotty, with it also displaying a cork-screw behavior. [4] [9] When imaged by Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), it takes the form of a two-sided jet moving at relativistic speeds with a counter-jet feature displaying diffused radio emission. There is a noted switch in its orientation, indicating it might be interacting with the surround interstellar medium. The faraday rotation polarization located downstream from the core by 2 milliarcseconds is noted to show a negative unit of -1612 ± 102 rad/m2 before rising to 270 ± 70 rad/m2 upon reaching 3.5 milliarcseconds. [10] A supermassive black hole mass of 8.49 Mʘ has been estimated for this quasar. [11]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "NED Search results for 4C 58.17". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2025-09-13.
  2. ↑ Pearson, T. J.; Readhead, A. C. S. (August 1981). "The milli-arcsecond structure of a complete sample of radio sources. I. VLBI maps of seven sources". The Astrophysical Journal. 248: 61–81. Bibcode:1981ApJ...248...61P. doi:10.1086/159130. ISSN   0004-637X.
  3. ↑ Zensus, J. A.; Porcas, R. W.; Pauliny-Toth, I. I. K. (April 1984). "VLBI study of 57 flat spectrum radio sources at 5 GHz". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 133: 27–30. Bibcode:1984A&A...133...27Z. ISSN   0004-6361.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Barthel, P. D.; Pearson, T. J.; Readhead, A. C. S.; Canzian, B. J. (November 1986). "0850+581: Another Superluminal Radio Source". The Astrophysical Journal. 310: L7. Bibcode:1986ApJ...310L...7B. doi:10.1086/184771. ISSN   0004-637X.
  5. ↑ Pearson, T. J.; Readhead, A. C. S. (May 1988). "The Milliarcsecond Structure of a Complete Sample of Radio Sources. II. First-Epoch Maps at 5 GHz". The Astrophysical Journal. 328: 114. Bibcode:1988ApJ...328..114P. doi:10.1086/166274. ISSN   0004-637X.
  6. ↑ Hooimeyer, J. R. A.; Barthel, P. D.; Schilizzi, R. T.; Miley, G. K. (July 1992). "The radio structure of extended quasars. I. A VLBI survey of the nuclear emission". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 261: 18–24. Bibcode:1992A&A...261...18H. ISSN   0004-6361.
  7. 1 2 Hooimeyer, J. R. A.; Schilizzi, R. T.; Miley, G. K.; Barthel, P. D. (July 1992). "The radio structure of extended quasars. II. The radio emission on pc- and kpc-scales". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 261: 25–40. Bibcode:1992A&A...261...25H. ISSN   0004-6361.
  8. ↑ Kovalev, Y. Y.; Lobanov, A. P.; Pushkarev, A. B. (2008-10-13). "Physics of the central region in the quasar 0850+581". Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana. 79: 1153. arXiv: 0810.2240 . Bibcode:2008MmSAI..79.1153K.
  9. ↑ Rusk, R. E.; Seaquist, E. R. (September 1986). "The Arcsecond Brightness and Polarization Structure of 0850+581". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 18: 994. Bibcode:1986BAAS...18..994R.
  10. ↑ Kravchenko, E. V.; Kovalev, Y. Y. (2017-12-02). "Multi-Frequency VLBA Polarimetry and the Twin-Jet Quasar 0850+581". Galaxies. 5 (4): 92. arXiv: 1712.00572 . Bibcode:2017Galax...5...92K. doi: 10.3390/galaxies5040092 .
  11. ↑ Liu, Yi; Jiang, Dong Rong; Gu, Min Feng (2005-10-08). "The Jet Power, Radio Loudness, and Black Hole Mass in Radio-loud Active Galactic Nuclei". The Astrophysical Journal. 637 (2): 669–681. arXiv: astro-ph/0510241 . doi:10.1086/498639.
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