HD 80606 and HD 80607

Last updated
HD 80606/7
HD 80606 HD 80607 GALEX WikiSky.jpg
The HD 80606/7 binary star system on GALEX sky survey
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0       Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Ursa Major
HD 80606
Right ascension 09h 22m 37.5769s [1]
Declination +50° 36′ 13.430″ [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)+9.00 [2]
HD 80607
Right ascension 09h 22m 39.7369s [3]
Declination +50° 36′ 13.945″ [3]
Apparent magnitude  (V)+9.090 [4]
Characteristics
HD 80606
Spectral type G5 [5]
B−V color index +0.765 [5]
HD 80607
Spectral type G5 [5]
B−V color index +0.828 [5]
Astrometry
HD 80606
Radial velocity (Rv)3.6 km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 55.933 [1]   mas/yr
Dec.: 10.340 [1]   mas/yr
Parallax (π)15.0153 ± 0.0361  mas [1]
Distance 217.2 ± 0.5  ly
(66.6 ± 0.2  pc)
HD 80607
Radial velocity (Rv)3.3 km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 52.624  mas/yr
Dec.: 9.945  mas/yr
Parallax (π)15.0474 ± 0.0341  mas [3]
Distance 216.8 ± 0.5  ly
(66.5 ± 0.2  pc)
Details
HD 80606
Surface gravity (log g)4.50 ± 0.20 [6]   cgs
Temperature 5,645 ± 45 [6]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.43 ± 0.06 [6]   dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)0.9 ± 0.6 [6]  km/s
HD 80607
Surface gravity (log g)4.52 ± 0.15 [6]   cgs
Temperature 5,555 ± 45 [6]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.38 ± 0.06 [6]   dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)1.4 ± 0.4 [6]  km/s
Other designations
BD+51°1500, CCDM J09226+5036, WDS J09226+5036, STF  1341
HD 80606: HIP  45982, SAO  27230
HD 80607: HIP  45983
Database references
SIMBAD HD 80606
HD 80607

HD 80606 and HD 80607 are two stars comprising a binary star system. They are approximately 217 light-years away in the constellation of Ursa Major. Both stars orbit each other at an average distance of 1,200 astronomical units. The binary system is listed as Struve 1341 in the Struve Catalogue of Double Stars; however, this designation is not in wide use and the system is usually referred to by the HD designations of its constituent stars. An extrasolar planet has been confirmed to orbit HD 80606 in a highly elliptical orbit.

Contents

Planetary system

The orbital motion of HD 80606 b HD80606b Orbit.gif
The orbital motion of HD 80606 b

The variable radial velocity of HD 80606 was first noticed in 1999 from observations with the 10-m Keck 1 telescope at the W. M. Keck Observatory in Hawaii by the G-Dwarf Planet Search, a survey of nearly 1,000 nearby G dwarfs to identify extrasolar planet candidates. The star was then followed up by the Geneva Extrasolar Planet Search team using the ELODIE spectrograph mounted on the 1.93-m telescope at the Haute-Provence Observatory. The discovery of HD 80606 b was announced on April 4, 2001. [6] [7] Its orbit is misaligned with the star's rotation at 53 degrees. [8] [9] Additional studies using the Spitzer Space Telescope in the infrared, and the Very Large Array in the millimeter radio, have shown that the highly eccentric planet 'b' orbiting HD 80606 grazes the parent star at its closest passage to produce difficult-to-detect stellar lobing, severe 'space weather', aurorae and other non-thermal activity. [10] [11] [12]

At the time, its orbit was the most eccentric orbit of any extrasolar planet known. [note 1] It has an eccentricity of 0.9336, [5] comparable to that of Comet Halley in the Solar System. The eccentricity may be a result of the Kozai mechanism, which would occur if the planet's orbit is significantly inclined to that of the binary stars. This conclusion is reinforced by the detection of the misalignment, an expected result of the Kozai mechanism. [8]

In a simulation of a ten-million-year span, the planet "sweeps clean" most test particles within 1.75 AU of HD 80606. The 8:1 resonance hollows out another Kirkwood gap at 1.9 AU. There cannot be any habitable planets in this system. Also, observation has ruled out planets heavier than 0.7 Jupiter mass with a period of one year or less. [13]

The HD 80606 planetary system
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b 4.0 ± 0.3 [8]   MJ 0.453 ± 0.015 [8] 111.436 ± 0.003 [8] 0.9336 ± 0.0002 [5] 89.285 ± 0.023 [5] ° 0.987 ± 0.061 [9]   RJ

See also

Related Research Articles

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HD 4208 is a star with an orbiting exoplanetary companion in the southern constellation of Sculptor. It has a yellow hue with an apparent visual magnitude of 7.78, making it too dim to be visible to the naked eye. But with binoculars or small telescope it should be an easy target. This object is located at a distance of 111.6 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +57 km/s.

HD 179949 is a 6th magnitude star in the constellation of Sagittarius. It is a yellow-white dwarf, a type of star hotter and more luminous than the Sun. The star is located about 90 light years from Earth and might be visible under exceptionally good conditions to an experienced observer without technical aid; usually binoculars are needed.

HD 20367 is a star in the constellation of Aries, close to the border with the Perseus constellation. It is a yellow-white hued star that is a challenge to view with the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 6.40. Based upon parallax measurements, it is located 85 light years from the Sun. It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +6.5 km/s. Based upon its movement through space, it is a candidate member of the Ursa Major Moving Group of co-moving stars that probably share a common origin.

HD 188015 is a yellow-hued star with an exoplanetary companion in the northern constellation of Vulpecula. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 8.24, making it an 8th magnitude star, and thus is too faint to be readily visible to the naked eye. The distance to this star can be estimated through parallax measurements, which yield a separation of 165.6 light years from the Sun.

HD 1237 is a binary star system approximately 57 light-years away in the constellation of Hydrus.

HD 20782 is the primary of a wide binary system located in the southern constellation Fornax. It has an apparent magnitude of 7.38, making it readily visible in binoculars but not to the naked eye. The system is located relatively close at a distance of 117 light-years based on Gaia DR3 parallax measurements, but it is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 40.7 km/s. At its current distance, HD 20782's brightness is diminished by 0.12 magnitudes due to interstellar extinction and it has an absolute magnitude of +4.61.

HD 187085 is a yellow–hued star in the southern constellation of Sagittarius. It is too faint to be visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of +7.225. The star is located at a distance of approximately 1,010 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +18 km/s.

HD 41004 is a visual binary star system in the southern constellation of Pictor. It is too faint to be visible to the naked eye, having a combined apparent visual magnitude of 8.65. The two components have a magnitude difference of 3.7, and share a common proper motion with an angular separation of 0.30″, as of 2018. The distance to this system is approximately 127 light-years based on parallax. It is drifting further away from the Sun with a radial velocity of +42.5 km/s, having come to within 44.5 ly some 831,000 years ago.

HD 117207 is a star in the southern constellation Centaurus. With an apparent visual magnitude of 7.24, it is too dim to be visible to the naked eye but can be seen with a small telescope. Based upon parallax measurements, it is located at a distance of 105.4 light-years from the Sun. The star is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −17.4 km/s. It has an absolute magnitude of 4.67.

HD 162020 is a star in the southern constellation of Scorpius with a likely red dwarf companion. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 9.10, which is too faint to be visible to the naked eye. The distance to this system is 102 light-years based on stellar parallax. It is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −27 km/s, and is predicted to come to within ~18 light-years in 1.1 million years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HD 80606 b</span> Eccentric hot Jupiter in the constellation Ursa Major

HD 80606 b is an eccentric hot Jupiter 217 light-years from the Sun in the constellation of Ursa Major. HD 80606 b was discovered orbiting the star HD 80606 in April 2001 by a team led by Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz. With a mass 4 times that of Jupiter, it is a gas giant. Because the planet transits the host star its radius can be determined using the transit method, and was found to be about the same as Jupiter's. Its density is slightly less than Earth's. It has an extremely eccentric orbit like a comet, with its orbit taking it very close to its star and then back out very far away from it every 111 days.

HD 102272 is a star in the equatorial constellation of Leo. With an apparent visual magnitude of 8.69, it is too faint to be visible to the naked eye. The star is located at a distance of approximately 1,140 light years based on parallax measurements, but is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −12 km/s. As of 2008, two extrasolar planets are known to orbit the star.

XO-2 is a binary star system about 490 light-years away in the constellation Lynx. It consists of two components, XO-2N and XO-2S, both of which host planetary systems.

HD 28254 is a binary star system located 180 light-years away in the constellation Dorado. The primary component is an 8th magnitude G-type main-sequence star. This star is larger, cooler, brighter, and more massive than the Sun, and its metal content is 2.3 times as much as the Sun. In 2009, a gas giant exoplanet was found in orbit around the star.

HIP 70849 is a star with two non-stellar companions in the southern constellation Lupus. It is a 10th magnitude star, making it too faint to be visible to the naked eye. The system is located at a distance of 78.7 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements.

HD 86226 is a star with a pair of orbiting exoplanet companions, found in the constellation of Hydra. With an apparent visual magnitude of 7.93, it is too dim to be visible with the naked eye. The distance to this system has been determined by the parallax method, yielding a range of 149 light years. It is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of +19.6 km/s. A survey in 2015 has ruled out the existence of any stellar companions at projected distances above 12 astronomical units.

HD 20781 is a star which is part of a wide binary system with HD 20782. The companion star has a very large angular separation of 252 arcsec, corresponding to 9080 AU at the distance of HD 20782. Both stars possess their own planetary systems in S type orbits, with a total of five known planets around both stars. This is the first known example of planets being found orbiting both components of a wide binary system. HD 20781 has no noticeable starspot activity.

HD 106515 is a binary star in the constellation of Virgo.

HD 134060, also known by its Gould designation of 38 G. Circini, is a star in the southern constellation of Circinus. It is near the lower limit of stars visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 6.29. The distance to HD 134060, as determined using an annual parallax shift measurement of 41.59 mas, is 78.4 light years. It is moving further away with a heliocentric radial velocity of 43.5 km/s, having come within 34.6 ly some 439,000 years ago.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. ↑ Høg, E.; et al. (2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27–L30. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H.
  3. 1 2 3 Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 616. A1. arXiv: 1804.09365 . Bibcode: 2018A&A...616A...1G . doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833051 . Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  4. ↑ Kharchenko, N. V.; et al. (2007). "Astrophysical supplements to the ASCC-2.5: Ia. Radial velocities of ~55000 stars and mean radial velocities of 516 Galactic open clusters and associations". Astronomische Nachrichten. 328 (9): 889. arXiv: 0705.0878 . Bibcode:2007AN....328..889K. doi:10.1002/asna.200710776. S2CID   119323941.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fossey, S. J.; et al. (2009). "Detection of a transit by the planetary companion of HD 80606". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters . 396 (1): L16–L20. arXiv: 0902.4616 . Bibcode:2009MNRAS.396L..16F. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-3933.2009.00653.x . S2CID   2709427.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Naef, D.; et al. (2001). "HD 80606 b, a planet on an extremely elongated orbit". Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters. 375 (2): L27–L30. arXiv: astro-ph/0106256 . Bibcode:2001A&A...375L..27N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010853. S2CID   14433784.
  7. ↑ "Exoplanets: The Hunt Continues!" (Press release). Garching, Germany: European Southern Observatory. April 4, 2001. Retrieved December 27, 2012.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Moutou, C.; et al. (2009). "Photometric and spectroscopic detection of the primary transit of the 111-day-period planet HD 80606 b". Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters. 498 (1): L5–L8. arXiv: 0902.4457 . Bibcode:2009A&A...498L...5M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200911954. S2CID   14625359.
  9. 1 2 Roberts, Jessica E.; et al. (2013). "MOST Space Telescope Photometry of the 2010 January Transit of Extrasolar Planet HD80606b". The Astrophysical Journal. 762 (21). 55. arXiv: 1212.0285 . Bibcode:2013ApJ...762...55R. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/55. S2CID   119251752.
  10. ↑ "Astronomers Observe Planet With Wild Temperature Swings". NASA. 28 January 2009. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  11. ↑ "Spitzer Watches Wild Weather on a Star-Skimming Planet". NASA. 28 January 2009. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  12. ↑ Lazio, T. Joseph W; Shankland, P. D; Farrell, W. M; Blank, D. L (2010). "Radio Observations of Hd 80606 Near Planetary Periastron". The Astronomical Journal. 140 (6): 1929. arXiv: 1010.5383 . Bibcode:2010AJ....140.1929L. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1929. S2CID   35918197.
  13. ↑ Wittenmyer, Robert A.; et al. (2007). "Dynamical and Observational Constraints on Additional Planets in Highly Eccentric Planetary Systems". The Astronomical Journal. 134 (3): 1276–1284. arXiv: 0706.1962 . Bibcode:2007AJ....134.1276W. doi:10.1086/520880. S2CID   14345035.

Notes

  1. ↑ Since then, HD 20782 b has been found, with an eccentricity of 0.97.
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