NGC 3504

Last updated
NGC 3504
N3504s.jpg
NGC 3504 (Hubble Space Telescope)
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Constellation Leo Minor
Right ascension 11h 03m 11.2s [1]
Declination +27° 58′ 21″ [1]
Redshift 1534 ± 2 km/s [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)11.67 [1]
Characteristics
Type (R)SAB(s)ab [1]
Apparent size  (V)2.7′ × 2.1′ [1]
Other designations
UGC 6118, MCG +05-26-039, PGC 33371 [2]

NGC 3504 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Leo Minor. It has a Hubble distance corresponding to 88 million light-years [3] and was discovered by William Herschel in 1785. [4]

Contents

The luminosity class of NGC 3504 is I-II, with a broad HI line containing regions of ionized hydrogen. Additionally, it is classfied as a starburst galaxy. [5]

There is a large amount of molecular gas centered on the galactic nucleus. Compared with other barred spiral galaxies, NGC 3504 is in an early phase of its evolution. [6]

Morphology

NGC 3504 is classified as a type (R1')SAB(rs)ab galaxy. [7] [8] It has a bright point-like nucleus embedded inside its galactic budge that is crossed by a thin bar. It has spiral arms found wrapping around its inner ring which then peels off to form an outer, broken pseudo-ring. The galaxy shows little evidence of star formation. [9]

Star-forming disk

According to Hubble Space Telescope, a star-forming disk has been found around the nucleus of NGC 3504, which the size of the disk's axis is estimated to be 200 pc (~650 light years). [10]

Mass

The mass of NGC 3504 has been difficult to narrow down, but it is believed to be between 2.5*109 M⊙ and 9*109 M⊙. [11]

Supermassive black hole

The supermassive black hole in NGC 3504 is estimated to be 107.8 M○ (or 63 million solar masses), according to near-infrared K-band brightness measurements for the galaxy's budge. [12]

Supernovae

Two supernovae have been observed in NGC 3504:

NGC 3504 group

NGC 3504 is the brightest member of the NGC 3504 Group (also known as LGG 227), which is a member of the Leo II Groups, a series of galaxies and galaxy clusters strung out from the right edge of the Virgo Supercluster. [18] There are eight other galaxies in the group including NGC 3380, NGC 3400, NGC 3414, NGC 3451, NGC 3512, UGC 5921 and UGC 5958. [19] This NGC 3504 group is also mentioned by Abraham Mahtessian in his research paper published in 1998. [20]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 3504. Retrieved 2008-04-10.
  2. ↑ "NGC 3504". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 2021-02-23.
  3. ↑ "Results for NGC 3504". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
  4. ↑ "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 3500 - 3549". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
  5. ↑ Balzano, V. A. (1983-05-01). "Star-burst galactic nuclei". The Astrophysical Journal. 268: 602–627. Bibcode:1983ApJ...268..602B. doi:10.1086/160983. ISSN   0004-637X.
  6. ↑ Franco, J & F, Ferrini (1993). Star Formation, Galaxies and the Interstellar Medium. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-44412-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ↑ "Gérard de Vaucouleurs' Atlas of Galaxies". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
  8. ↑ "Galaxy Morphology of NGC 3504". kudzu.astr.ua.edu. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
  9. ↑ de Jong, Roelof S. (1996), "Colour Gradients in the Optical and Near-IR" , Spiral Galaxies in the Near-IR, ESO Astrophysics Symposia, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 43–47, doi:10.1007/978-3-540-49739-4_6, ISBN   978-3-662-22429-8 , retrieved 2024-07-25
  10. ↑ Comerón, S.; Knapen, J. H.; Beckman, J. E.; Laurikainen, E.; Salo, H.; Martínez-Valpuesta, I.; Buta, R. J. (March 2010). "AINUR: Atlas of Images of NUclear Rings". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 402 (4): 2462–2490. arXiv: 0908.0272 . Bibcode:2010MNRAS.402.2462C. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16057.x . ISSN   0035-8711.
  11. ↑ Burbidge; et al. (1960). "The Rotation and Approximate Mass of NGC 3504".
  12. ↑ Dong, X. Y.; De Robertis, M. M. (March 2006). "Low-Luminosity Active Galaxies and Their Central Black Holes". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (3): 1236–1252. arXiv: astro-ph/0510694 . Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1236D. doi:10.1086/499334. ISSN   0004-6256.
  13. ↑ Garnavich, P. (1998). "Supernova 1998cf in NGC 3504". International Astronomical Union Circular (6914): 1. Bibcode:1998IAUC.6914....1G.
  14. ↑ "SN 1998cf". Transient Name Server. IAU . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  15. ↑ Beckmann, S.; Li, W. D. (2001). "Supernova 2001ac in NGC 3504". International Astronomical Union Circular (7596): 1. Bibcode:2001IAUC.7596....1B.
  16. ↑ Matheson, T.; Jha, S.; Challis, P.; Kirshner, R.; Calkins, M. (2001). "Supernova 2001ac in NGC 3504". International Astronomical Union Circular (7597): 3. Bibcode:2001IAUC.7597....3M.
  17. ↑ "SN 2001ac". Transient Name Server. IAU . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  18. ↑ "The Leo III Groups". Atlas of the Universe. Archived from the original on July 22, 2012. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
  19. ↑ Garcia, A. M. (1993-07-01). "General study of group membership. II. Determination of nearby groups". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 100: 47–90. Bibcode:1993A&AS..100...47G. ISSN   0365-0138.
  20. ↑ Mahtessian, A. P. (1998-07-01). "Groups of galaxies. III. Some empirical characteristics". Astrophysics. 41 (3): 308–321. Bibcode:1998Ap.....41..308M. doi:10.1007/BF03036100. ISSN   0571-7256.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.