On 27 September 2025, at least 41 people were killed and around 100 others were injured in a crowd crush during a political rally in Karur district, Tamil Nadu, India. The rally was hosted by Vijay, the founder and president of the Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam (TVK). The crowd crush happened in Velusamypuram on the Karur–Erode highway, when large sections of the crowd surged towards Vijay in an attempt to catch a glimpse of his convoy after his arrival was delayed by nearly seven hours.
Political leaders across the country expressed their condolences; the union and state governments, along with various political parties, announced compensation for the families of the deceased and injured. Tamil Nadu's chief ministerM. K. Stalin formed a one-member commission to investigate the incident.
The Tamil Nadu Police accused the TVK's leadership of ignoring their advice and failing to take adequate precautions; they also alleged that Vijay had violated police-issued regulations and traffic rules. The Karur police department filed a first information report and initiated criminal proceedings against various TVK leaders, including the general secretary N. Anand.
According to the Government of Tamil Nadu, the organisers had obtained permission to conduct a rally with a maximum of 10,000 people in attendance; however, as per government estimates and eyewitness accounts, about 27,000 people were estimated to have arrived at the venue prior to Vijay's rally speech.[7][4][8][9][10][11] The Director General of the Tamil Nadu Police, G. Venkataraman, said that the police were expecting 20,000 attendees;[7] however, his deputy, Davidson Devasirvatham, said that they were expecting 15,000 people and had deployed 500 policemen.[12] The Hindustan Times cited local reports, which said that 30,000 attendees were anticipated but the rally drew double that number,[13][14] and Puthiya Thalaimurai gave the attendance as exceeding 50,000.[11]
The venue, said to have been used for similar events in the past, was assigned to the organisers by the state police.[12] It had a seating capacity of 60,000 over an area of 11,000 m2.[9][10] The police had rejected the proposed locations in Karur town, describing them as "thickly populated business areas".[12]
According to Venkataraman, the police department had given permission for a gathering between 3 p.m. and 10 p.m. The TVK announced that Vijay would arrive at noon, and supporters and party cadre began gathering at the venue from 11 a.m.[7][8] According to the police report, the crowd had been gathering since 10 a.m.,[8] and another source mentioned 9 a.m.[12] The large crowd was exposed to hot weather conditions, and there was a scarcity of food, water and basic amenities.[15] Attendees, who included families with children and – unusually for political rallies in Tamil Nadu – young women,[12] awaited Vijay's convoy for hours; many skipped meals to maintain their positions.[12][16][17] Witnesses later reported seeing fainting, dehydration, and restlessness before the rally began,[9][11] with ambulance rescue operations launched by 6 p.m.[12] Several people had reportedly collapsed near Vijay's campaign vehicle.[7]
Vijay was slated to speak in Namakkal (an hour's drive away from Karur) at 8:45 a.m. However, the event was delayed till 2 p.m., and he left for Karur half an hour later.[12] He entered the Karur district at 4:45 p.m., and reached the event venue after dark at 7 p.m.;[12][18][19][20] according to Venkataraman, he only arrived at 7:40 p.m.[7][4] Vijay, who was said by police to have held multiple receptions for supporters along his route,[20][8] required a police escort as crowds awaited him by the roadside and there were few barriers.[12] At least 5,000 supporters followed him in their own vehicles from Namakkal to Velusamypuram, against police advice.[12]
Incident
As per eyewitnesses, the fatal crowd crush happened around 7:45 p.m., when large sections of the crowd surged toward the stage barricades.[13] Three separate crowd crushes were reported during the rally; the first caused by attendees trying to see Vijay (who did not turn on his customary spotlight), the second by attendees' attempts to hear him after his microphone failed, and the final crush by attendees chasing his departing bus.[12][19]
The TVK party members and attendees formed vehicular convoys in front of and behind Vijay's campaign vehicle, blocking the roads.[21] Once the campaign vehicle arrived at the rally venue, the crowd was forced to make way, leading to a crush.[22] The crush was triggered near a shed housing a generator and a television broadcast van, where people were pushed and subsequently trampled underfoot. A lack of buffer zones around the stage caused people to press closer, increasing overcrowding and pressure points.[13]
During the chaos, Vijay paused his speech; he addressed the crowd, distributed water bottles, requested the crowd make way for an ambulance, and called out for a missing child before resuming.[23] Police and volunteers were unable to control the surge, and ambulances faced difficulties navigating the congested area; volunteers eventually formed human chains to carve pathways for the injured. Several attendees fainted due to hyperthermia and the density of the crowd, with some children reportedly becoming separated from their families.[16][17] One survivor said that an ambulance had repeatedly made U-turns in the crowd, contributing to the severity of the crush.[24] Multiple sources reported that TVK supporters had obstructed ambulances and confronted their drivers during the rescue operation, which reportedly caused a delay in obtaining medical attention for the victims.[25][26][27][28] Survivors and witnesses cited poor planning, insufficient security personnel, and inadequate crowd control measures as key factors contributing to the tragedy.[13]
Initial reports cited about 10 deaths, but the toll rose to 41, including a two-year-old toddler, at least nine children, 18 women and 13 men.[29][30][31] Most of the victims were in their 20s and 30s.[32] At least 83 others sustained crush injuries ranging from fractures to suffocation, and many were admitted to hospitals in Karur and nearby districts.[5][4][33]
Response and investigation
Following the incident, emergency services were deployed to the site, and ambulances transported the injured to nearby hospitals. At least 44 doctors from the neighboring districts of Salem and Tiruchirappalli were sent to Karur to treat the injured.[34] The Karur district administration established helplines to assist families seeking information about the victims.[16][17]
The State government formed a single member commission consisting of retired Madras High Court judge Aruna Jagadeesan to investigate the crowd crush.[35][36] The Tamil Nadu police registered a case and conducted forensic investigations at multiple sites including a sewer where multiple bodies were found.[35] According to the first information report filed by the Karur Town police, the TVK organisers had deliberately delayed Vijay's appearance by four hours with the intention of "exhibiting political strength", ignored advice and failed to take adequate precautions. It also alleged that Vijay, who entered the Karur district at 4:45 p.m., had violated issued conditions and traffic rules by stopping along the way to "indulge in a roadshow without permission", and sought to delay his arrival himself.[8][20]
On 28 September, key members of the TVK including general secretary N. Anand, joint secretary C.T. Nirmal Kumar, and Karur district secretary Mathiazhagan were booked under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) for culpable homicide, attempted culpable homicide, and endangering life.[8][4][20][37] On 30 September, Mathiazhagan was arrested in relation to the case.[20] On the same day, TVK’s election campaign management general secretary, Aadhav Arjuna, was booked for allegedly posting a message on social media that was intent to incite unrest, referencing Gen Z protests in Sri Lanka and Nepal.[38][39][40]
Reactions
Tamilaga Vetri Kazhagam
Vijay shared a statement on social media after returning to Chennai (the capital of Tamil Nadu), stating that he was "writhing in unbearable, indescribable pain and sorrow that words cannot express." He extended his condolences to the families of those who lost their lives, and offered prayers for the swift recovery of the injured.[14] He announced that he intended to pay the families of the deceased ₹2 million (US$24,000), and the injured ₹0.2 million (US$2,400).[41][42] He released a video three days later, in which he insinuated that it is a political conspiracy and urged Chief MinisterM. K. Stalin to take action against him personally instead of his party members, if there was a need for revenge.[43][44]
Tamil Nadu
The state's chief minister, M. K. Stalin, said that the situation was "worrying", dispatching health ministerMa. Subramanian, ex-minister V. Senthil Balaji, and other officials to oversee the relief efforts. Later, he visited the Government Medical College Hospital in Karur, where he met the injured and their families and paid tribute to those who lost their lives.[45][46][47] He also announced a compensation of ₹1 million (US$12,000) for the families of the deceased.[33]
The opposition leader in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly and AIADMK general secretary, Edappadi K. Palaniswami, expressed shock at the incident and offered his condolences to the families of the deceased. He directed party functionaries to provide necessary assistance to those admitted at the government hospital, after meeting the victims and the families of the deceased, he claimed that "such a stampede has never occurred before in the state during a political campaign", and urged the police not to show bias in favor of the ruling party when providing security to opposition parties.[48][49]
Xu Feihong, the ambassador of China to India, said that he was "deeply saddened by the tragic incident in Karur, Tamil Nadu" and offered his "heartfelt condolences to the families who have lost their loved ones", while wishing "strength and healing to all those affected".[56] Later, in response to a question from The Paper, China's foreign ministryspokespersonGuo Jiakun said "We take note of the tragedy and express our deep condolences for the victims. Our heart goes out to their families and those who are injured. In the wake of the incident, China’s embassy in India expressed grief and sympathies. According to what we’ve learned, no Chinese fatalities or injuries have been reported so far".[57]
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