Achatina

Achatina
Achatina achatina , Kakum National Park, Ghana
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Order:	Stylommatophora
Suborder:	Achatinina
Superfamily:	Achatinoidea
Family:	Achatinidae
Subfamily:	Achatininae
Genus:	Achatina Lamarck, 1799 [1]
Type species
Bulla achatina Linnaeus, 1758
Synonyms
Achatina (Achatina)Lamarck, 1799 · alternate representation Achatina (Pintoa)Bourguignat, 1890 · alternate representation Achatina (Tripachatina)Bourguignat, 1890 · alternate representation AchatinusMontfort, 1810 AchatiumLink, 1807 AgathinaJ. Férussac, 1807 Agatina auct. (incorrect subsequent spelling) Bulimus (Achatina)Lamarck, 1799 · EuachatinaShuttleworth, 1856 GeodesGistel, 1848 Glandina (Achatina)Lamarck, 1799 (considered a separate genus) OncaeaGistel, 1848 ParachatinaBourguignat, 1889 SerpaeaBourguignat, 1889 TripachatinaBourguignat, 1890 · UrceusMörch, 1857

Achatina is a genus of medium-sized to very large, air-breathing, tropical land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae. ^[2]

Distribution

There are some 200 species of Achatinidae in Sub-Saharan Africa. Some species are kept as terrarium animals due to their size of three inches, and colourful shells.

Shell description

Snails in this genus have medium to large shells which are ovate in shape and often colourfully streaked.

Species

Species within the genus Achatina include:

• Achatina achatina Linnaeus , 1758 or giant African snail, agate snail or Ghana tiger snail, from Western Africa (Liberia through Nigeria) grows to be the largest land snail on Earth.
• Achatina ampullacea Böttger, 1910
• Achatina balteata Reeve, 1849 - Cameroon to Central Angola.
• Achatina bandeirana Morelet, 1866
• Achatina bayaona Morelet, 1866
• Achatina bayoli Morelet, 1888
• Achatina bisculpta E. A. Smith, 1878
• Achatina connollyi Preston, 1912
• Achatina coroca Bruggen, 1978
• Achatina craveni E. A. Smith, 1881 - Congo, Tanzania.
• Achatina dammarensis L. Pfeiffer, 1870 - Botswana
• Achatina dohrniana L. Pfeiffer, 1870
• Achatina greyi Da Costa, 1907
• Achatina hortensiae Morelet, 1866
• Achatina inaequalis L. Pfeiffer, 1855
• Achatina iostoma L. Pfeiffer, 1854 - Cameroon
• Achatina morrelli Preston, 1905
• Achatina obscura Da Costa, 1907
• Achatina osborni Pilsbry, 1919
• Achatina passargei von Martens, 1900
• Achatina perfecta Morelet, 1867
• Achatina pfeifferi Dunker, 1845
• Achatina polychroa Morelet, 1866
• Achatina randabeli Bourguignat, 1889
• Achatina rugosa Putzeys, 1898
• Achatina schinziana Mousson, 1888 - Botswana
• Achatina schweinfurthi von Martens, 1873 - East Africa.
• Achatina semisculpta Dunker, 1845 - East Africa
• Achatina smithii Craven, 1881
• Achatina spekei Dohrn, 1864
• Achatina stuhlmanni von Martens, 1892 - Uganda.
• Achatina tavaresiana Morelet, 1866 - Angola
• Achatina tincta Reeve, 1842 - Congo, Angola
• Achatina tracheia Connolly, 1929 - Southeast Africa
• Achatina transparens Da Costa, 1907
• Achatina vignoniana Morelet, 1874
• Achatina virgulata Da Costa, 1907
• Achatina welwitschi Morelet, 1866
• Achatina weynsi Dautzenberg, 1891 - Congo

incertae sedis:

• Achatina vassei Germain, 1918 - The internal anatomy of this species is not known, and therefore the generic classification of ‘Achatina’ vassei cannot be made. ^[3]

Species brought into synonymy

• Achatina albopicta E. A. Smith, 1878 - along the coast of Kenya and Tanzania: synonym of Lissachatina albopicta (E. A. Smith, 1878)
• Achatina allisaReeve, 1849: synonym of Lissachatina allisa (L. Reeve, 1849)
• Achatina antourtourensisCrosse, 1879 : synonym of Achatina immaculata Lamarck, 1822: synonym of Lissachatina immaculata (Lamarck, 1822) (junior synonym)
• Achatina arctespirataBourguignat, 1890: synonym of Achatina randabeli Bourguignat, 1890
• Achatina barbigeraMorelet, 1866: synonym of Petriola marmorea (Reeve, 1850)
• Achatina bloyetiBourguignat, 1890: synonym of Lissachatina bloyeti (Bourguignat, 1890)
• Achatina capelloiFurtado, 1886: synonym of Lissachatina capelloi (Furtado, 1886)
• Achatina fulgurata Pfeiffer, 1853 - Senegal: synonym of Achatina eleanorae Mead, 1995
• Achatina drakensbergensis Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897 : synonym of Cochlitoma drakensbergensis (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897)
• Achatina eleanoraeMead, 1995: synonym of Lissachatina eleanorae (Mead, 1995)
• Achatina elliotiE. A. Smith, 1895: synonym of Oreohomorus ellioti (E. A. Smith, 1895)
• Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822 or giant East African snail from Eastern Africa is a serious pest in the many tropical countries where it has been introduced, and is listed as an invasive species by some governments: synonym of Lissachatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822)
• Achatina glaucinaE. A. Smith, 1899: synonym of Lissachatina glaucina (E. A. Smith, 1899)
• Achatina glutinosaPfeiffer, 1854 - Mozambique: synonym of Lissachatina glutinosa (L. Pfeiffer, 1854)
• Achatina gruveliDautzenberg, 1921: synonym of Achatina iostoma L. Pfeiffer, 1854
• Achatina gundlachi L. Pfeiffer, 1850: synonym of Geostilbia gundlachi (L. Pfeiffer, 1850)
• Achatina hamilleiPetit de la Saussaye, 1859: synonym of Lissachatina fulica hamillei(Petit de la Saussaye, 1859)
• Achatina immaculata Lamarck, 1822 - Southeastern Africa: synonym of Lissachatina immaculata (Lamarck, 1822)
• Achatina iredaleiPreston, 1910: synonym of Lissachatina allisa (Reeve, 1849)
• Achatina ivensiFurtado, 1886: synonym of Achatina pfeifferi Dunker, 1845
• Achatina johnstoniE. A. Smith, 1899: synonym of Lissachatina johnstoni (E. A. Smith, 1899)
• Achatina kilimaeDautzenberg, 1908: synonym of Lissachatina kilimae (Dautzenberg, 1908)
• Achatina loweiPaiva, 1866: synonym of Amphorella oryza (R. T. Lowe, 1852)
• Achatina lechaptoisiAncey, 1894: synonym of Lissachatina immaculata (Lamarck, 1822)
• Achatina letourneuxiBourguignat, 1879: synonym of Lissachatina fulica hamillei(Petit de la Saussaye, 1859)
• Achatina lhotelleriiBourguignat, 1879: synonym of Lissachatina zanzibarica (Bourguignat, 1879)
• Achatina marginataSwainson, 1821: ^[4] synonym of Archachatina marginata (Swainson, 1821)
• Achatina milneedwardsianaRevoil, 1885: synonym of Lissachatina fulica hamillei(Petit de la Saussaye, 1859)
• Achatina minimaSiemaschko, 1847: synonym of Cochlicopa lubricella (Porro, 1838)
• Achatina monochromatica Pilsbry (Deprecated. Old historical synonym of Achatina achatina var. monochromatic)
• Achatina moreletianaDeshayes, 1851: taxon inquirendum
• Achatina mulanjensis Crowley & Pain - Malawi: synonym of Achatina immaculata Lamarck, 1822 (junior synonym)
• Achatina nigellaMorelet, 1867: synonym of Homorus nigellus (Morelet, 1867)
• Achatina nyikaensisPilsbry, 1909 - Malawi: synonym of Bequaertina pintoi (Bourguignat, 1889) (junior synonym)
• Achatina panthera Férussac, 1832 - Zimbabwe, Mauritius: synonym of Achatina immaculata Lamarck, 1822
• Achatina pellucida L. Pfeiffer, 1840: synonym of Blauneria heteroclita (Montagu, 1808)
• Achatina purpurea(Gmelin, 1790): synonym of Archachatina purpurea (Gmelin, 1790)
• Achatina raffrayiJousseaume, 1883: synonym of Leptocallista raffrayi (Jousseaume, 1883)
• Achatina redivivaMabille, 1901: synonym of Lissachatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822)
• Achatina reticulataPfeiffer, 1845 - Zanzibar: synonym of Lissachatina reticulata (L. Pfeiffer, 1845)
• Achatina semitarumL. Pfeiffer, 1842: synonym of Laevaricella semitarum (L. Pfeiffer, 1842)
• Achatina sylvaticaPutzeys, 1898 - Congo: synonym of Leptocalina putzeysi(Dautzenberg & Germain, 1914)
• Achatina varicosa Pfeiffer, 1845 - South Africa: synonym of Cochlitoma varicosa (L. Pfeiffer, 1861)
• Achatina variegataLamarck, 1801: synonym of Achatina achatina (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Achatina variegata var. minimaGermain, 1912: synonym of Achatina achatina elegans(Link, 1807)
• Achatina wildemaniDautzenberg, 1907: synonym of Leptocalina specularis (Morelet, 1866)
• Achatina yalaensisGermain, 1936: synonym of Oreohomorus connollyi (Odhner, 1932)
• Achatina zanzibaricaBourguignat, 1879 - Tanzania: synonym of Lissachatina zanzibarica (Bourguignat, 1879)
• Achatina zebra Bruguiere, 1792 - South Africa: synonym of Cochlitoma zebra (Bruguière, 1792)

References

1. Lamarck J.-B. (1799). Mém. Soc. Hist. nat. Paris1: 75.
2. Bouchet, P. (2014). Achatina Lamarck, 1799. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=818098 on 2014-11-07
3. Bruggen A. C. van (2010). "A new record of ‘Achatina’ vassei Germain, 1918 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Achatinidae) from Mozambique – an unsolved problem". Zoologische Mededelingen 84. HTM Archived 2011-10-07 at the Wayback Machine .
4. Du Cane Godman, Frederick. Annali Del Museo Civico Di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria", Museo civico di storia naturale, Genoa, 1916, p. 245

External links

• Achatinidae Archived 2018-09-16 at the Wayback Machine
• Land snails
• Land snails in captivity