Universitas Andalas | ||
Motto | Untuk kedjajaan bangsa (Indonesian) | |
---|---|---|
Motto in English | For the glory of the nation | |
Type | Public university | |
Established | 1955 | |
Academic affiliations | ASAIHL, AUN, AUAP | |
Rector | Dr. Efa Yonnedi, S.E., MPPM, Akt., CA, CRGP. | |
Students | 32,000 (2022) | |
Location | , , | |
Campus | Limau Manis Campus Jati Campus Payakumbuh Campus Dharmasraya Campus | |
Colors | ||
Website | unand | |
Andalas University (Indonesian : Universitas Andalas, abbreviated Unand or stylized in all caps [1] ) is a public research university in Padang, West Sumatra. Andalas is one of the major public institutions of higher learning in Indonesia, and the oldest outside the island of Java. The university is known for its excellence in social sciences and medical program, and has produced numerous distinguished alumni in public and private service. In November 2019, Andalas was ranked fourth best Indonesian research university from a nationwide evaluation conducted by the Ministry of Research and Technology. [2]
The idea of an institution of higher learning in West Sumatra has been in since the early years of 20th century, following the rise of modern Indonesian intellectual class, some of them with roots in the island of Sumatra. The Dutch East Indies government did not establish any colleges or polytechnics in Sumatra as they did in Java, forcing many of Sumatran talents to pursue their study away from home, or even overseas. [3]
After the Indonesian independence, the idea became quickly popular among the republican leaders. In 1948, six new academies were established in Bukittinggi: Civil Service Academy (Akademi Pamong Praja), Physical Education Academy (Akademi Pendidikan Jasmani), English "A" Act Program (Akte A Bahasa Inggris), Cadet Academy (Akademi Kadet), and School for Police Inspectors (Sekolah Inspektur Polisi). Following the end of Indonesian National Revolution which saw the seat of power moved around West Sumatra under Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia, a plan was dispatched in 1949 to inaugurate a law school in Padang, a medical school in Medan, and a school of economics in Palembang. The national government at that time, however, indefinitely put the plan on hold.
In August 1951, Sriwijaya Foundation (Jajasan Sriwidjaja), a private foundation, established Pancasila Law College (Balai Perguruan Tinggi Hukum Pancasila). Following the lead, the government approved creation of a Teachers' Training College (Perguruan Tinggi Pendidikan Guru) in Batusangkar in October 1954 and a State Agricultural College (Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Pertanian) in Payakumbuh in November 1954, as well as a medical school and school of natural sciences (Fakultas Ilmu Pasti dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam) in Bukittinggi in September 1955. All four state-owned colleges were inaugurated by Vice President Mohammad Hatta, a strong proponent of public education and a native West Sumatran himself. Sensing government's support, Sriwijaya turned control of Pancasila College to the regional government of Central Sumatra, turning it into a law faculty (Fakultas Hukum dan Pengetahuan Masyarakat).
The five colleges became founding constituents of Andalas University, inaugurated by Hatta in Bukittinggi on September 13, 1956. Two years later, Rudito Rachmad became the first graduate, receiving a meester in de rechten (Mr.), a degree in law.
Political turmoil that rocked Indonesia in late 1950s and early 1960s affected the university greatly. First, Vice President Hatta resigned in December 1956, owing to his disagreement with the increasingly autocratic leadership of President Sukarno. Tensions between regional and central government culminated with the formation of Dewan Banteng, a military regime that eventually became part of the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia (Pemerintahan Revolusioner Republik Indonesia, widely known as PRRI) in 1958. [4]
Many Andalas professors and students openly supported PRRI, which aims for a greater autonomy for the provinces and for Prime Minister Djuanda Kartawidjaja to resign. At this time, many professors from outside of West Sumatra, including those recruited from overseas, became disillusioned and left their teaching positions to return home or move to other universities in Java. Some PRRI supporters from Java replaced their position, including economist Sumitro Djojohadikusumo, who served as PRRI's trade and communications minister and played an influential role on establishing Andalas's economics department. Subsequent military intervention, brought by General Abdul Haris Nasution and executed on the ground by Colonel Ahmad Yani, destroyed much of Andalas teaching facilities spread in several cities. Lessons were stopped for times until the end of PRRI's rebellion in 1961.
After a turbulent 1950s, Andalas began to reform itself. Led by Rector Harun Al Rasyid Zain, Andalas opened the first animal sciences faculty in Indonesia in October 1963. Its teaching division became Padang Teacher Training and Education Institute (Institut Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Padang), the predecessor institute of Padang State University.
Beginning in 1970s, Andalas started to consolidate much of its educational facilities in Padang. Some new campuses, like Air Tawar, Jati, Pondok, and Jl. Pancasila were built to accommodate the growing number of students and professors. During the leadership of rectors Busyra Zahir and Mawardi Yunus, new departments were added, including the first engineering and humanities programs. In 1982, Andalas established two non-degree colleges (fakultas non-gelar teknologi): a State Polytechnic (Politeknik Teknologi Unand, today known as Padang State Polytechnic) in Padang and an Agricultural Polytechnic (Politeknik Pertanian, today the Payakumbuh campus of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences.) Specialist training programs for physicians began in 1984, with surgery, internal medicine, and ophthalmology as the first programs.
On 1992, a Postgraduate Program was established; in 2000, the first doctoral programs in agricultural sciences, law, and animal sciences were introduced, making them as one of the major doctorate-granting university in Indonesia. On 2008, two new faculties, Agricultural Technology and Pharmacy, were established, followed by another four, Public Health, Nursing, Dentistry, and Information Technology in 2012.
Faculties of the Andalas University | |
---|---|
Faculty | Year founded |
Faculty of Law | 1951 |
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences | 1954 |
Faculty of Medicine | 1955 |
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | 1955 |
Faculty of Economics | 1957 |
Faculty of Animal Sciences | 1963 |
Faculty of Humanities | 1982 |
Faculty of Engineering | 1993 |
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences | 1993 |
Faculty of Pharmacy | 2008 |
Faculty of Agricultural Technology | 2008 |
Faculty of Public Health | 2012 |
Faculty of Information Technology | 2012 |
Faculty of Nursing | 2012 |
Faculty of Dentistry | 2012 |
The university has graduated many notable alumni that went to serve a distinguished service in public and private capacities.
Prominent public officials including former Home Affairs Minister and West Sumatra governor Gamawan Fauzi, [5] Administrative Reform Minister Asman Abnur, [6] former Attorney General Basrief Arief, [5] former West Sumatra governor Zainal Bakar, former Bank Indonesia governor Aslim Tadjuddin, and former Elections Commissioner Husni Kamil Manik. [7] Musliar Kasim [8] and Fasli Jalal [9] both served as Deputy Minister of Education. Two Andalas graduates currently sit in Indonesia's highest courts, Takdir Rahmadi in the Supreme Court [10] and Saldi Isra in the Constitutional Court. [11] Other politicians including Mahyeldi Ansharullah, the current Governor of West Sumatra.
Andalas alumni has also gone into top business positions, such as former Bukit Asam CEO Ismet Harmaini, former Semen Gresik and Pertamina CEO Dwi Soetjipto, [12] and founder of Sutan Kasim automotive dealership empire Zairin Kasim. Ricky Elson, inventor of Indonesia's first electric car Selo, holds an engineering degree from Andalas. [13] In media and entertainment, Andalas graduates including The Jakarta Post technology journalist Budi Putra and senior reporter Elprisdat M. Zen. Football coach Indra Sjafri also graduated from Andalas. [14]
Sumitro Djojohadikusumo, one of Indonesia's most prominent economists and father of politician Prabowo Subianto, served as the first dean of the faculty of economics. [15] Chemistry professor Rahmiana Zein invented the world's fastest method for chromatography. The faculty of law has some of the most prominent scholars on Indonesian criminal and civil jurisprudence, including Isra, Elwi Danil, Yuliandri, and Feri Amsari. Gusti Asnan is an acclaimed scholar of Minangkabau and served as dean of the faculty of humanities.
Three Andalas rectors have served in prominent positions in West Sumatra provincial government. Harun Al Rasyid Zain and Marlis Rahman became governors, while Fachri Achmad was a deputy governor under another Andalas graduate Zainal Bakar. Zain went to serve as Labour and Transmigration Minister.
The Socialist Party of Indonesia was a political party in Indonesia from 1948 until 1960, when it was banned by President Sukarno.
Bukittinggi is the third largest city in West Sumatra, Indonesia, with a population of 111,312 in 2010 and 121,028 in 2020. An official estimate as of mid 2023 lists a population of 124,047, consisting of 61,949 males and 62,098 females. The city covers an area of 25.24 km2. It is located in the Minangkabau Highlands, 90 km by road from the West Sumatran capital city of Padang. The city is completely surrounded by the Agam Regency, making it an enclave within the regency, and it is located at 0°18′20″S100°22′9″E, near the volcanoes Mount Singgalang (inactive) and Mount Marapi. At 930 m above sea level, the city has a cool climate with temperatures between 16.1° to 24.9 °C.
Sjafruddin Prawiranegara was an Indonesian statesman and economist. He served in various roles during his career, including as head of government in the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia, as Minister of Finance in several cabinets, and as the first Governor of Bank Indonesia. Sjafruddin later became the prime minister of the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia, a shadow government set up in opposition to the country's central government.
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Sumitro Djojohadikusumo was an Indonesian statesman and one of the country's most influential economists. He held ministerial positions under Presidents Sukarno and Suharto intermittently between 1950 and 1978. During his career in government, Sumitro served as minister of industry and trade, minister of finance, and the minister of research in five different cabinets. He was also the dean of the Faculty of Economics at the University of Indonesia.
Grand Mosque of West Sumatra is a mosque in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is the largest mosque in West Sumatra and the second-largest mosque in Sumatra. It is located in Padang Utara Subdistrict, Padang, West Sumatra. The Grand Mosque of West Sumatra is located within a complex of 40,345 square meters at the intersection of Jalan Khatib Sulaiman and Jalan Ahmad Dahlan.
Dr. Abubakar Jaar was a civil servant and lawyer for the Dutch East Indies. After the independence of Indonesia, he was mayor of Padang and resident of North Sumatra replacing Luat Siregar and resident of West Sumatra.
Saldi Isra is an Indonesian jurist and law professor. In April 2017, he became a Justice of the Indonesian Constitutional Court, one of the nation's two top courts. Prior to becoming Constitutional Court Justice, he was a professor of constitutional law at the Andalas University in his native West Sumatra. Throughout his academic career, he received awards in connection to his efforts against corruption in Indonesia.
Mahyeldi Ansharullah is an Indonesian politician from the Prosperous Justice Party who is the current governor of West Sumatra. He was made mayor of Padang in 2014, following a five-year tenure as deputy and victory in the elections of 2013 and 2018.
Harun Al Rasyid Zain, also known as Datuk Sinaro, was an Indonesian academics, economist and bureaucrat. He served as the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration in the Third Development Cabinet and for two periods (1967-1977) he was the governor of West Sumatra. He was also a Rector of the Andalas University in Padang, Indonesia.
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Eny Karim, also spelled as Eni Karim, was an Indonesian politician and civil servant from West Sumatra who served as Minister of Agriculture under the Second Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet, and briefly as governor of North Sumatra in 1963.
Djohari Kahar was an Indonesian politician and lecturer. A member of Golkar, he served as Chairman of the West Sumatra Regional People's Representative Council and also represented West Sumatra on the People's Representative Council and the People's Consultative Assembly.
Sunarjo Kolopaking, sometimes spelled as Sunario Kolopaking, was an Indonesian lawyer and sociologist. He was appointed as Minister of Finance in 1945, though rejecting the post, and he later became one of the first Indonesian professors at the University of Indonesia.
Colonel Dahlan Djambek was a military officer, independence fighter, and minister in the Cabinet of the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PRRI). During the Japanese occupation of West Sumatra, he was appointed Chairman of the Sumatra Chokai.
Colonel Ahmed Husein was an Indonesian independence fighter and military leader of the PRRI. Forming the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PRRI) 15, 1958, in Padang under the leadership of Syafruddin Prawiranegara.
Marlis Rahman was an Indonesian politician and academic. He served as Governor of West Sumatra for eight months between 2009 and 2010, and before that as the province's vice governor between 2005 and 2009. He was previously the rector of Andalas University.