Archaeolamna

Archaeolamna Temporal range: Albian-Maastrichtian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Tooth of Archaeolamna sp.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Chondrichthyes
Subclass:	Elasmobranchii
Division:	Selachii
Order:	Lamniformes
Family:	† Archaeolamnidae Underwood & Cumbaa, 2010 [1]
Genus:	† Archaeolamna Siverson, 1992 [2]
Type species
†Archaeolamna kopingensis (Davis, 1890) [3]
Other species and subspecies
†Archaeolamna striata (Rogovich, 1861) [4] †Archaeolamna kopingensis kopingensis (Davis, 1890) †Archaeolamna kopingensis judithensis Siverson, 1992 †Archaeolamna haigi Siverson, 1996 [5]
Synonyms
Species synonymy A. striata Otodus striatus Rogovich, 1861 A. kopingensis Odontaspis kopingensis Davis, 1890 Lamna arcuata Woodward, 1894 [6]

Archaeolamna (from Greek arche which turned into archaeo and Lamna , an extinct shark genus) ^[2] is an extinct genus of mackerel sharks that lived during the Cretaceous. It contains three valid species (one with two subspecies) which have been found in Europe, North America, and Australia. ^{[7] [8]} While it is mostly known from isolated teeth, an associated set of teeth, jaws, cranial fragments, and vertebrae of A. kopingensis is known from the Pierre Shale of Kansas. ^[7] Teeth of A. k. judithensis were found with a plesiosaur skeleton with bite marks from the Judith River Formation of Montana. ^[2] It was a medium-sized shark with an estimated total body length of 3–4 metres (9.8–13.1 ft). ^[9]

Archaeolamna likely had an antitropical distribution, being found in the temperate waters of both hemispheres but absent from the tropical waters around the equator, much like the modern porbeagle shark. A similar distribution has been found for the related Cardabiodon . ^[7]

Taxonomy

When the family Archaeolamnidae was first named, it contained Archaeolamna, Cretodus , Dallasiella , and Telodontaspis. ^[1] However, Cretodus was reassigned to Pseudoscapanorhynchidae, ^[10] Dallasiella was reassigned to Lamniformes incertae sedis , ^[11] and Telodontaspis was synonymized with Cretoxyrhina . ^[12] This leaves Archaeolamna as the sole member of the family.

References

1. Underwood, C.J.; Cumbaa, S.L. (2010). "Chondrichthyans from a Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous) bonebed, Saskatchewan, Canada". Palaeontology. 53 (4): 903–944. Bibcode:2010Palgy..53..903U. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00969.x . S2CID   129260151.
2. Siverson, M. (1992). "Biology, dental morphology and taxonomy of lamniform sharks from the Campanian of the Kristianstad Basin, Sweden" (PDF). Palaeontology. 35 (3): 519–554. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-04-14.
3. Davis, J.W. (1890). "On the fossil fish of the Cretaceous formations of Scandinavia". Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society. 2. 4 (6): 363–434.
4. Rogovich, A.S. (1861). On Fossil Fishes of Provinces of the Kiev Academic District. First Issue. Placoid Fishes. Placoidei Ag. and Ganoid Fishes. Ganoidei Ag. Kiev.
5. Siverson, M. (1996). "Lamniform sharks of the mid Cretaceous Alinga Formation and Beedagong Claystone, Western Australia". Palaeontology. 39 (4): 813–849.
6. Woodward, A.S. (1894). "Notes on the sharks' teeth from British Cretaceous formations". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 13 (6): 190–200. Bibcode:1894PrGA...13..190W. doi:10.1016/S0016-7878(94)80009-4.
7. Cook, T.D.; Newbrey, M.G.; Murray, A.M.; Wilson, M.V.H.; Shimada, K.; Takeuchi, G.T.; Stewart, J.D. (2011). "A partial skeleton of the Late Cretaceous lamniform shark, Archaeolamna kopingensis, from the Pierre Shale of western Kansas, U.S.A.". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (1): 8–21. Bibcode:2011JVPal..31....8C. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.539968. S2CID   140595473.
8. Sokolskyi, T.; Guinot, G. (2021). "Elasmobranch (Chondrichthyes) assemblages from the Albian (Lower Cretaceous) of Ukraine". Cretaceous Research. 117: 104603. Bibcode:2021CrRes.11704603S. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104603 . S2CID   224853459.
9. Nagrodski, M.; Shimada, K.; Schumacher, B.A. (2012). "Marine vertebrates from the Hartland Shale (Upper Cretaceous: Upper Cenomanian) in southeastern Colorado, USA" . Cretaceous Research. 37: 76–88. Bibcode:2012CrRes..37...76N. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2012.03.007. S2CID   18006033.
10. Shimada, K.; Everhart, M.J. (2019). "A new large Late Cretaceous lamniform shark from North America, with comments on the taxonomy, paleoecology, and evolution of the genus Cretodus". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (4): e1673399. Bibcode:2019JVPal..39E3399S. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1673399. S2CID   209439997.
11. Siversson, M.; Cederström, P.; Ryan, H.E. (2022). "A new dallasiellid shark from the lower Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Sweden". GFF. 144 (2): 118–125. Bibcode:2022GFF...144..118S. doi:10.1080/11035897.2022.2097737. S2CID   252685325.
12. Newbrey, M.G.; Siversson, M.; Cook, T.D.; Fotheringham, A.M.; Sanchez, R.L. (2015). "Vertebral morphology, dentition, age, growth, and ecology of the large lamniform shark Cardabiodon ricki". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (4): 877–897. doi: 10.4202/app.2012.0047 .