Foreign relations between Bangladesh and Canada were established 1972.[1] Canada is represented through its High Commission in Dhaka and Bangladesh is through its High Commission in Ottawa.[1] Both countries are members of the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations. Bangladesh currently receives ~$110 million from Canadian official development assistance per year as of January 2014.[2] It is estimated that around 36,000 (2012)[3] Bangladeshi people live in Canada, primarily in cities like Toronto, Vancouver, Montreal, Calgary, Edmonton, and Ottawa.
Bangladesh and Canada have historically enjoyed friendly relations that have grown over the past fifty years. The political relations between the two countries date back to the time of the independence of Bangladesh. In 1971, the Canadian Government, people, and media expressed support and sympathy for Bangladesh's War of Independence. Canada was one of the first few countries to recognize Bangladesh after independence (14 February 1972). Eventually Bangladesh accredited its first High Commissioner to Canada in May 1972, and Canada reciprocated in September 1973. Since then there has been a steady development of relations between the two countries. The political relationship is, therefore, supportive and cooperative drawing upon shared links in the Commonwealth and various UN bodies.[4]
Based upon shared values of democracy, freedom, human rights and rule of law, the bilateral relations are focused on trade and investment, regional security, development cooperation, immigration and people to people contact. As a major development partner of Bangladesh, since its independence in 1971, Canada's early development efforts involved reconstruction and rehabilitation, and then gradually moved into governance and rural development, especially in the field of agriculture, water management, primary education and health. Canada has always been appreciative of the firm commitment of Bangladesh to promote democracy and women empowerment. Canadian Government has also been engaged in socio-economic development in Bangladesh through various projects of Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA).[4]
Commercial relationship between Canada and Bangladesh grew dramatically from 2003 to 2013. The value of bilateral merchandise trade more than tripled going from $478 million in 2003 to nearly $1.7 billion in 2012.[1] During this period, Canadian merchandise exports to Bangladesh more than quadrupled and Bangladesh became the second largest source of Canadian merchandise imports from South Asia, after India. Canadian merchandise exports to Bangladesh were $525 million in 2012, down slightly from $552 million in 2011, while imports from Bangladesh were $1.1 billion in 2012, equal to 2011.
Canada's main exports to Bangladesh include cereals, vegetables, iron and steel, oilseeds, fertilizers, machinery and electronic equipment. Agri-food was the leading export sector from Canada to South Asia in 2012, making Bangladesh the second largest Canadian agri-food buyer in South Asia after India. The Canada-Bangladesh relationship is particularly important for the province of Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan's exports (mainly wheat, fertilizers and pulses) to Bangladesh have grown more than eightfold in the 2000s, from $49 million in 2003 to $412.5 million in 2015.[10] In 2014 deal worth US$40 million was signed between Canadian Commercial Corporation and Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation for the potash export to Bangladesh. Saskatchewan Premier Brad Wall said "It provides Canpotex with new opportunities and access to a country that really needs our potash to boost its agricultural production and achieve its food security goals,"[11]
Canada's main imports from Bangladesh include knit apparel, woven apparel, miscellaneous textile articles, headgear, fish and seafood, and footwear. Canada is a bright spot for Bangladeshi apparel, with garments and textile products making-up the bulk of Canada's merchandise imports from Bangladesh. Bangladesh has enjoyed duty-free market access since 2003. Potential trading opportunities to explore include expanding Canadian imports of ready-made garments, porcelain, jute and quality jute good, ceramic tableware and kitchenware. Garments and textile products accounted for approximate 96% of Canada's merchandise imports from Bangladesh in 2012.[1]
Bangladesh mainly exports apparel products ($1.1 billion by 2012[12]), frozen fish, plastic items, headwear, footwear, ceramic products, toys, games and sports equipment and furniture to Canada. In 2007, Bangladesh's exports to Canada were $506 million, which rose to $611 million in 2008, $706 million in 2009, $813 million in 2010, $1.078 billion in 2011,[13] and $1.1 billion in 2014.[14] Canada ranks as its sixth largest export destination. Thus, the issue of sustainability of exports to Canada in future years is an important one for Bangladesh.[14]
The volume of Bangladesh-Canada bilateral trade stood at US$2 billion in 2016[16][17] and aims to reach $5 billion by 2020.[18][19][20][21] Canadian High Commissioner Laramée said the new Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau wanted to work with Bangladesh, especially on environment and climate change issues.[22] He also stated Canada's interest in working with Bangladesh on gender equality and in the health sector.[22][23] There are also opportunities for Canadian companies to invest in the areas of food and agro processing, IT and telecommunications, renewable energy, engineering, automotive,[24]shipbuilding, services and hospitality sectors.[15]
In Canada, Bangladesh's culture and traditions are observed and practised by Bangladeshi immigrants and descendants of past generations of immigrants.[citation needed]
Canada exported $90,018 worth of electronic equipment to Bangladeshi military.[25] Some Bangladeshis have received training in such areas as languages and peace support operations through Canada's Military Training and Cooperation Program (MTCP). The majority of training is conducted in Canada. Some has taken place in Bangladesh, but as of 2015 none was ongoing there.[26]
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The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic recognized de facto the Islamic Republic of Iran in February 1979, and Belarus and Iran established de jure diplomatic relations in 1992. Belarus has an embassy in Tehran. Iran has an embassy in Minsk.
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Kenya–Malaysia relations refers to bilateral foreign relations between Kenya and Malaysia. Kenya has maintained a resident Mission in Kuala Lumpur since in 1996. Malaysia opened a diplomatic Mission in Nairobi in 2005. Both countries are members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
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Brazil–Egypt relations are the historic and bilateral ties between the regions that now constitute modern Brazil and Egypt. Bilateral relations were established in 1924, and Brazil currently operates an embassy in Cairo, while Egypt has an embassy in Brasilia and a consulate-general in Rio de Janeiro. Both countries generally enjoy friendly ties and mutual agreements on many important global issues such as disarmament, nuclear non-proliferation and environmental issues among others. In addition to that, both are member states of the Summit of South American-Arab Countries in which they have signed agreements on cooperation in many different fields.
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Bangladesh–Cambodia relations refer to the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and Cambodia.
Bangladesh–Brazil relations are the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and Brazil. Bangladesh has an embassy in Brasillia and Brazil has one in Dhaka.
Bangladesh–Britain relations are the foreign relations between Bangladesh and the United Kingdom. Both Bangladesh and the United Kingdom are members of the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations.
Bangladesh–Italy relations are the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and Italy. Bangladesh maintains its embassy in Rome while Italy has an embassy in Dhaka.
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↑ Dewitt, David; Young, Mary; Brouse, Alex; Piereder, Jinelle (March 2018). "AWOL: Canada's defence policy and presence in the Asia Pacific". International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis. 73 (1): 20. doi:10.1177/0020702018768474.
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