CENPH

CENPH
Identifiers
Aliases	CENPH , centromere protein H
External IDs	OMIM: 605607; MGI: 1349448; HomoloGene: 32519; GeneCards: CENPH; OMA:CENPH - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human) [1] Band 5q13.2 Start 69,189,574 bp [1] End 69,210,357 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 13 (mouse) [2] Band 13 53.23 cM|13 D1 Start 100,759,674 bp [2] End 100,775,899 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in gonad ventricular zone ganglionic eminence oocyte right testis testicle left testis secondary oocyte bone marrow Achilles tendon Top expressed in zygote yolk sac tail of embryo secondary oocyte genital tubercle embryo epiblast embryo abdominal wall mandibular prominence More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function kinetochore binding protein binding Cellular component chromosome cytosol chromosome, centromeric region nucleus kinetochore nucleoplasm nucleolus Biological process kinetochore assembly kinetochore organization CENP-A containing chromatin assembly Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 64946 26886 Ensembl ENSG00000153044 ENSMUSG00000045273 UniProt Q9H3R5 Q9QYM8 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_022909 NM_021886 RefSeq (protein) NP_075060 NP_068686 NP_001386457 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 69.19 – 69.21 Mb Chr 13: 100.76 – 100.78 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

CENP-H
Identifiers
Symbol	CENP-H
Pfam	PF05837
InterPro	IPR008426
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Centromere protein H is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPH gene. ^{[5] [6] [7]} It is involved in the assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. ^{[8] [9]}

Function

Centromere and kinetochore proteins play a critical role in centromere structure, kinetochore formation, and sister chromatid separation. The protein encoded by this gene colocalizes with inner kinetochore plate proteins CENP-A and CENP-C in both interphase and metaphase. CENP-H is required for the localisation of CENP-C, but not CENP-A, to the centromere. However, it may be involved in the incorporation of newly synthesised CENP-A into centromeres via its interaction with the CENP-A/CENP-HI complex. ^[10] CENP-H localizes outside of centromeric heterochromatin, where CENP-B is localized, and inside the kinetochore corona, where CENP-E is localized during prometaphase. It is thought that this protein can bind to itself, as well as to CENP-A, CENP-B or CENP-C. Multimers of the protein localize constitutively to the inner kinetochore plate and play an important role in the organization and function of the active centromere-kinetochore complex. ^[11] CENP-H contains a coiled-coil structure and a nuclear localisation signal. ^[11]

Studies show that CENP-H may be associated with certain human cancers. ^{[12] [13]}

CENP-H shows sequence similarity to the Schizosaccharomyces pombe kinetochore protein Fta3 which is a subunit of the Sim4 complex. This complex is required for loading the DASH complex onto the kinetochore via interaction with dad1. Fta2, Fta3 and Fta4 associate with the central core and inner repeat region of the centromere. ^[14]

Interactions

CENPH has also been shown to interact with KIAA0090. ^[15] The significance of this interaction is unclear.

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000153044 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000045273 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Sugata N, Li S, Earnshaw WC, Yen TJ, Yoda K, Masumoto H, et al. (November 2000). "Human CENP-H multimers colocalize with CENP-A and CENP-C at active centromere--kinetochore complexes". Human Molecular Genetics. 9 (19): 2919–2926. doi: 10.1093/hmg/9.19.2919 . PMID   11092768.
6. Obuse C, Iwasaki O, Kiyomitsu T, Goshima G, Toyoda Y, Yanagida M (November 2004). "A conserved Mis12 centromere complex is linked to heterochromatic HP1 and outer kinetochore protein Zwint-1". Nature Cell Biology. 6 (11): 1135–1141. doi:10.1038/ncb1187. PMID   15502821. S2CID   39408000.
7. "Entrez Gene: CENPH centromere protein H".
8. McClelland SE, Borusu S, Amaro AC, Winter JR, Belwal M, McAinsh AD, Meraldi P (December 2007). "The CENP-A NAC/CAD kinetochore complex controls chromosome congression and spindle bipolarity". The EMBO Journal. 26 (24): 5033–5047. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601927. PMC   2140114 . PMID   18007590.
9. Orthaus S, Ohndorf S, Diekmann S (September 2006). "RNAi knockdown of human kinetochore protein CENP-H". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 348 (1): 36–46. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.187. PMID   16875666.
10. Fukagawa T, Mikami Y, Nishihashi A, Regnier V, Haraguchi T, Hiraoka Y, et al. (August 2001). "CENP-H, a constitutive centromere component, is required for centromere targeting of CENP-C in vertebrate cells". The EMBO Journal. 20 (16): 4603–4617. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.16.4603. PMC   125570 . PMID   11500386.
11. Sugata N, Munekata E, Todokoro K (September 1999). "Characterization of a novel kinetochore protein, CENP-H". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (39): 27343–27346. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.39.27343 . PMID   10488063.
12. Guo XZ, Zhang G, Wang JY, Liu WL, Wang F, Dong JQ, et al. (August 2008). "Prognostic relevance of Centromere protein H expression in esophageal carcinoma". BMC Cancer. 8: 233. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-8-233 . PMC   2535782 . PMID   18700042.
13. Liao WT, Song LB, Zhang HZ, Zhang X, Zhang L, Liu WL, et al. (January 2007). "Centromere protein H is a novel prognostic marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression and overall patient survival". Clinical Cancer Research. 13 (2 Pt 1): 508–514. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1512. PMID   17255272. S2CID   474452.
14. Liu X, McLeod I, Anderson S, Yates JR, He X (August 2005). "Molecular analysis of kinetochore architecture in fission yeast". The EMBO Journal. 24 (16): 2919–2930. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600762. PMC   1187945 . PMID   16079914.
15. Prieto C, De Las Rivas J (July 2006). "APID: Agile Protein Interaction DataAnalyzer". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (Web Server issue): W298 –W302. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl128. PMC   1538863 . PMID   16845013. Archived from the original on 2010-04-09.

External links

• Human CENPH genome location and CENPH gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .
• Human PMF1 genome location and PMF1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .

Further reading

• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, et al. (December 2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (26): 16899–16903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC   139241 . PMID   12477932.
• Saffery R, Sumer H, Hassan S, Wong LH, Craig JM, Todokoro K, et al. (August 2003). "Transcription within a functional human centromere". Molecular Cell. 12 (2): 509–516. doi: 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00279-X . hdl: 10536/DRO/DU:30119197 . PMID   14536089.
• Obuse C, Yang H, Nozaki N, Goto S, Okazaki T, Yoda K (February 2004). "Proteomics analysis of the centromere complex from HeLa interphase cells: UV-damaged DNA binding protein 1 (DDB-1) is a component of the CEN-complex, while BMI-1 is transiently co-localized with the centromeric region in interphase". Genes to Cells. 9 (2): 105–120. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2004.00705.x . PMID   15009096. S2CID   21813024.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, et al. (October 2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Research. 14 (10B): 2121–2127. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC   528928 . PMID   15489334.
• Mikami Y, Hori T, Kimura H, Fukagawa T (March 2005). "The functional region of CENP-H interacts with the Nuf2 complex that localizes to centromere during mitosis". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 25 (5): 1958–1970. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.5.1958-1970.2005. PMC   549355 . PMID   15713649.
• Tomonaga T, Matsushita K, Ishibashi M, Nezu M, Shimada H, Ochiai T, et al. (June 2005). "Centromere protein H is up-regulated in primary human colorectal cancer and its overexpression induces aneuploidy". Cancer Research. 65 (11): 4683–4689. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-3613. PMID   15930286.
• Foltz DR, Jansen LE, Black BE, Bailey AO, Yates JR, Cleveland DW (May 2006). "The human CENP-A centromeric nucleosome-associated complex". Nature Cell Biology. 8 (5): 458–469. doi:10.1038/ncb1397. PMID   16622419. S2CID   205286556.
• Okada M, Cheeseman IM, Hori T, Okawa K, McLeod IX, Yates JR, et al. (May 2006). "The CENP-H-I complex is required for the efficient incorporation of newly synthesized CENP-A into centromeres". Nature Cell Biology. 8 (5): 446–457. doi:10.1038/ncb1396. PMID   16622420. S2CID   26974412.
• Izuta H, Ikeno M, Suzuki N, Tomonaga T, Nozaki N, Obuse C, et al. (June 2006). "Comprehensive analysis of the ICEN (Interphase Centromere Complex) components enriched in the CENP-A chromatin of human cells". Genes to Cells. 11 (6): 673–684. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2006.00969.x . PMID   16716197. S2CID   45931410.
• Orthaus S, Ohndorf S, Diekmann S (September 2006). "RNAi knockdown of human kinetochore protein CENP-H". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 348 (1): 36–46. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.187. PMID   16875666.
• Liao WT, Song LB, Zhang HZ, Zhang X, Zhang L, Liu WL, et al. (January 2007). "Centromere protein H is a novel prognostic marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression and overall patient survival". Clinical Cancer Research. 13 (2 Pt 1): 508–514. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1512. PMID   17255272. S2CID   474452.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Molecular Systems Biology. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC   1847948 . PMID   17353931.

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR008426