CENPH

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures / ECOD
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

CENP-H
CENP-H
Identifiers
Symbol	CENP-H
Pfam	PF05837
InterPro	IPR008426
Pfam
Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures / ECOD
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

CENPH
Identifiers
Aliases	CENPH , centromere protein H
External IDs	OMIM: 605607 MGI: 1349448 HomoloGene: 32519 GeneCards: CENPH
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (human)
End	69,210,357 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 13 (mouse)
End	100,775,899 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	ganglionic eminence; ; oocyte; ; secondary oocyte; ; bone marrow; ; Achilles tendon; ; rectum; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; appendix; ; lymph node; ; bone marrow cells;
	Top expressed in
	yolk sac; ; secondary oocyte; ; abdominal wall; ; maxillary prominence; ; somite; ; morula; ; otic placode; ; dermis; ; hand; ; primitive streak;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	kinetochore binding ; protein binding ;
Cellular component	chromosome ; cytosol ; chromosome, centromeric region ; nucleus ; kinetochore ; nucleoplasm ; nucleolus ;
Biological process	kinetochore assembly ; kinetochore organization ; CENP-A containing chromatin assembly ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	64946
	26886
	ENSG00000153044
	ENSMUSG00000045273
	Q9H3R5
	Q9QYM8
	NM_022909
	NM_021886
	NP_075060
	NP_068686 ; NP_001386457
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated August 19, 2023

Centromere protein H is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPH gene.^[5]^[6]^[7] It is involved in the assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation.^[8]^[9]

Function

Centromere and kinetochore proteins play a critical role in centromere structure, kinetochore formation, and sister chromatid separation. The protein encoded by this gene colocalizes with inner kinetochore plate proteins CENP-A and CENP-C in both interphase and metaphase. CENP-H is required for the localisation of CENP-C, but not CENP-A, to the centromere. However, it may be involved in the incorporation of newly synthesised CENP-A into centromeres via its interaction with the CENP-A/CENP-HI complex.^[10] CENP-H localizes outside of centromeric heterochromatin, where CENP-B is localized, and inside the kinetochore corona, where CENP-E is localized during prometaphase. It is thought that this protein can bind to itself, as well as to CENP-A, CENP-B or CENP-C. Multimers of the protein localize constitutively to the inner kinetochore plate and play an important role in the organization and function of the active centromere-kinetochore complex.^[11] CENP-H contains a coiled-coil structure and a nuclear localisation signal.^[11]

Studies show that CENP-H may be associated with certain human cancers.^[12]^[13]

CENP-H shows sequence similarity to the Schizosaccharomyces pombe kinetochore protein Fta3 which is a subunit of the Sim4 complex. This complex is required for loading the DASH complex onto the kinetochore via interaction with dad1. Fta2, Fta3 and Fta4 associate with the central core and inner repeat region of the centromere.^[14]

Interactions

CENPH has also been shown to interact with KIAA0090.^[15] The significance of this interaction is unclear.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Centromere</span> Specialized DNA sequence of a chromosome that links a pair of sister chromatids

The centromere links a pair of sister chromatids together during cell division. This constricted region of chromosome connects the sister chromatids, creating a short arm (p) and a long arm (q) on the chromatids. During mitosis, spindle fibers attach to the centromere via the kinetochore.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kinetochore</span> Protein complex that allows microtubules to attach to chromosomes during cell division

A kinetochore is a disc-shaped protein structure associated with duplicated chromatids in eukaryotic cells where the spindle fibers attach during cell division to pull sister chromatids apart. The kinetochore assembles on the centromere and links the chromosome to microtubule polymers from the mitotic spindle during mitosis and meiosis. The term kinetochore was first used in a footnote in a 1934 Cytology book by Lester W. Sharp and commonly accepted in 1936. Sharp's footnote reads: "The convenient term kinetochore has been suggested to the author by J. A. Moore", likely referring to John Alexander Moore who had joined Columbia University as a freshman in 1932.

Aurora kinase B is a protein that functions in the attachment of the mitotic spindle to the centromere.

Centromere protein B also known as major centromere autoantigen B is an autoantigen protein of the cell nucleus. In humans, centromere protein B is encoded by the CENPB gene.

Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 also known as BUB1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BUB1 gene.

Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BUB1B gene. Also known as BubR1, this protein is recognized for its mitotic roles in the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and kinetochore-microtubule interactions that facilitate chromosome migration and alignment. BubR1 promotes mitotic fidelity and protects against aneuploidy by ensuring proper chromosome segregation between daughter cells. BubR1 is proposed to prevent tumorigenesis.

Centromere protein A, also known as CENPA, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CENPA gene. CENPA is a histone H3 variant which is the critical factor determining the kinetochore position(s) on each chromosome in most eukaryotes including humans.

Centromere protein F is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPF gene. It is involved in chromosome segregation during cell division. It also has a role in the orientation of microtubules to form cellular cilia.

Centromere-associated protein E is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPE gene.

Centromere protein C 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPC1 gene.

Centromere protein U is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPU gene.

Centromere protein I is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPI gene.

Centromere protein M also known as proliferation associated nuclear element 1 (PANE1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPM gene.

Kinetochore-associated protein NSL1 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NSL1 gene.

Protein MIS12 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MIS12 gene.

Centromere protein T is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPT gene.

Centromere protein O is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPO gene. CENPO is involved in cell proliferation and cell cycle progression and has been shown to be down-regulated in trisomic neurospheres a mouse model of Down Syndrome, resulting in reduced numbers of neural progenitors and neuroblasts and a severe reduction in numbers of neurons produced.

Centromere protein N is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPN gene.

Centromere protein K is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPK gene.

Centromere protein L is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPL gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000153044 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000045273 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Sugata N, Li S, Earnshaw WC, Yen TJ, Yoda K, Masumoto H, et al. (November 2000). "Human CENP-H multimers colocalize with CENP-A and CENP-C at active centromere--kinetochore complexes". Human Molecular Genetics. 9 (19): 2919–2926. doi: 10.1093/hmg/9.19.2919 . PMID 11092768.
↑ Obuse C, Iwasaki O, Kiyomitsu T, Goshima G, Toyoda Y, Yanagida M (November 2004). "A conserved Mis12 centromere complex is linked to heterochromatic HP1 and outer kinetochore protein Zwint-1". Nature Cell Biology. 6 (11): 1135–1141. doi:10.1038/ncb1187. PMID 15502821. S2CID 39408000.
↑ "Entrez Gene: CENPH centromere protein H".
↑ McClelland SE, Borusu S, Amaro AC, Winter JR, Belwal M, McAinsh AD, Meraldi P (December 2007). "The CENP-A NAC/CAD kinetochore complex controls chromosome congression and spindle bipolarity". The EMBO Journal. 26 (24): 5033–5047. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601927. PMC 2140114 . PMID 18007590.
↑ Orthaus S, Ohndorf S, Diekmann S (September 2006). "RNAi knockdown of human kinetochore protein CENP-H". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 348 (1): 36–46. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.187. PMID 16875666.
↑ Fukagawa T, Mikami Y, Nishihashi A, Regnier V, Haraguchi T, Hiraoka Y, et al. (August 2001). "CENP-H, a constitutive centromere component, is required for centromere targeting of CENP-C in vertebrate cells". The EMBO Journal. 20 (16): 4603–4617. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.16.4603. PMC 125570 . PMID 11500386.
1 2 Sugata N, Munekata E, Todokoro K (September 1999). "Characterization of a novel kinetochore protein, CENP-H". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (39): 27343–27346. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.39.27343 . PMID 10488063.
↑ Guo XZ, Zhang G, Wang JY, Liu WL, Wang F, Dong JQ, et al. (August 2008). "Prognostic relevance of Centromere protein H expression in esophageal carcinoma". BMC Cancer. 8: 233. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-233. PMC 2535782 . PMID 18700042.
↑ Liao WT, Song LB, Zhang HZ, Zhang X, Zhang L, Liu WL, et al. (January 2007). "Centromere protein H is a novel prognostic marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression and overall patient survival". Clinical Cancer Research. 13 (2 Pt 1): 508–514. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1512. PMID 17255272.
↑ Liu X, McLeod I, Anderson S, Yates JR, He X (August 2005). "Molecular analysis of kinetochore architecture in fission yeast". The EMBO Journal. 24 (16): 2919–2930. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600762. PMC 1187945 . PMID 16079914.
↑ Prieto C, De Las Rivas J (July 2006). "APID: Agile Protein Interaction DataAnalyzer". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (Web Server issue): W298–W302. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl128. PMC 1538863 . PMID 16845013. Archived from the original on 2010-04-09.

External links

Human CENPH genome location and CENPH gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .
Human PMF1 genome location and PMF1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .

Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, et al. (December 2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (26): 16899–16903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC 139241 . PMID 12477932.
Saffery R, Sumer H, Hassan S, Wong LH, Craig JM, Todokoro K, et al. (August 2003). "Transcription within a functional human centromere". Molecular Cell. 12 (2): 509–516. doi: 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00279-X . hdl: 10536/DRO/DU:30119197 . PMID 14536089.
Obuse C, Yang H, Nozaki N, Goto S, Okazaki T, Yoda K (February 2004). "Proteomics analysis of the centromere complex from HeLa interphase cells: UV-damaged DNA binding protein 1 (DDB-1) is a component of the CEN-complex, while BMI-1 is transiently co-localized with the centromeric region in interphase". Genes to Cells. 9 (2): 105–120. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2004.00705.x . PMID 15009096. S2CID 21813024.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, et al. (October 2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Research. 14 (10B): 2121–2127. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928 . PMID 15489334.
Mikami Y, Hori T, Kimura H, Fukagawa T (March 2005). "The functional region of CENP-H interacts with the Nuf2 complex that localizes to centromere during mitosis". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 25 (5): 1958–1970. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.5.1958-1970.2005. PMC 549355 . PMID 15713649.
Tomonaga T, Matsushita K, Ishibashi M, Nezu M, Shimada H, Ochiai T, et al. (June 2005). "Centromere protein H is up-regulated in primary human colorectal cancer and its overexpression induces aneuploidy". Cancer Research. 65 (11): 4683–4689. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-3613. PMID 15930286.
Foltz DR, Jansen LE, Black BE, Bailey AO, Yates JR, Cleveland DW (May 2006). "The human CENP-A centromeric nucleosome-associated complex". Nature Cell Biology. 8 (5): 458–469. doi:10.1038/ncb1397. PMID 16622419. S2CID 205286556.
Okada M, Cheeseman IM, Hori T, Okawa K, McLeod IX, Yates JR, et al. (May 2006). "The CENP-H-I complex is required for the efficient incorporation of newly synthesized CENP-A into centromeres". Nature Cell Biology. 8 (5): 446–457. doi:10.1038/ncb1396. PMID 16622420. S2CID 26974412.
Izuta H, Ikeno M, Suzuki N, Tomonaga T, Nozaki N, Obuse C, et al. (June 2006). "Comprehensive analysis of the ICEN (Interphase Centromere Complex) components enriched in the CENP-A chromatin of human cells". Genes to Cells. 11 (6): 673–684. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2006.00969.x . PMID 16716197. S2CID 45931410.
Orthaus S, Ohndorf S, Diekmann S (September 2006). "RNAi knockdown of human kinetochore protein CENP-H". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 348 (1): 36–46. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.187. PMID 16875666.
Liao WT, Song LB, Zhang HZ, Zhang X, Zhang L, Liu WL, et al. (January 2007). "Centromere protein H is a novel prognostic marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression and overall patient survival". Clinical Cancer Research. 13 (2 Pt 1): 508–514. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1512. PMID 17255272.
Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Molecular Systems Biology. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948 . PMID 17353931.

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR008426

This article on a gene on human chromosome 5 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000153044 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000045273 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid11092768-5] Sugata N, Li S, Earnshaw WC, Yen TJ, Yoda K, Masumoto H, et al. (November 2000). "Human CENP-H multimers colocalize with CENP-A and CENP-C at active centromere--kinetochore complexes". Human Molecular Genetics. 9 (19): 2919–2926. doi: 10.1093/hmg/9.19.2919 . PMID 11092768.

[pmid15502821-6] Obuse C, Iwasaki O, Kiyomitsu T, Goshima G, Toyoda Y, Yanagida M (November 2004). "A conserved Mis12 centromere complex is linked to heterochromatic HP1 and outer kinetochore protein Zwint-1". Nature Cell Biology. 6 (11): 1135–1141. doi:10.1038/ncb1187. PMID 15502821. S2CID 39408000.

[entrez-7] "Entrez Gene: CENPH centromere protein H".

[8] McClelland SE, Borusu S, Amaro AC, Winter JR, Belwal M, McAinsh AD, Meraldi P (December 2007). "The CENP-A NAC/CAD kinetochore complex controls chromosome congression and spindle bipolarity". The EMBO Journal. 26 (24): 5033–5047. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601927. PMC 2140114 . PMID 18007590.

[9] Orthaus S, Ohndorf S, Diekmann S (September 2006). "RNAi knockdown of human kinetochore protein CENP-H". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 348 (1): 36–46. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.187. PMID 16875666.

[pmid11500386-10] Fukagawa T, Mikami Y, Nishihashi A, Regnier V, Haraguchi T, Hiraoka Y, et al. (August 2001). "CENP-H, a constitutive centromere component, is required for centromere targeting of CENP-C in vertebrate cells". The EMBO Journal. 20 (16): 4603–4617. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.16.4603. PMC 125570 . PMID 11500386.

[pmid10488063-11] 1 2 Sugata N, Munekata E, Todokoro K (September 1999). "Characterization of a novel kinetochore protein, CENP-H". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (39): 27343–27346. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.39.27343 . PMID 10488063.

[pmid18700042-12] Guo XZ, Zhang G, Wang JY, Liu WL, Wang F, Dong JQ, et al. (August 2008). "Prognostic relevance of Centromere protein H expression in esophageal carcinoma". BMC Cancer. 8: 233. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-233. PMC 2535782 . PMID 18700042.

[pmid17255272-13] Liao WT, Song LB, Zhang HZ, Zhang X, Zhang L, Liu WL, et al. (January 2007). "Centromere protein H is a novel prognostic marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression and overall patient survival". Clinical Cancer Research. 13 (2 Pt 1): 508–514. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-1512. PMID 17255272.

[pmid16079914-14] Liu X, McLeod I, Anderson S, Yates JR, He X (August 2005). "Molecular analysis of kinetochore architecture in fission yeast". The EMBO Journal. 24 (16): 2919–2930. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600762. PMC 1187945 . PMID 16079914.

[pmid16845013-15] Prieto C, De Las Rivas J (July 2006). "APID: Agile Protein Interaction DataAnalyzer". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (Web Server issue): W298–W302. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl128. PMC 1538863 . PMID 16845013. Archived from the original on 2010-04-09.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]