Chak-Hao (Black rice)

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Chak-Hao
Geographical indication
Alternative namesChak Hao Amubi, Manipur Black rice [1] [2] [3]
DescriptionChak-Hao is a rice variety cultivated in Manipur and Nagaland
AreaManipur and Nagaland
Country India
Registered20 April 2020
Official website ipindia.gov.in

Chak-Hao is an indigenous, aromatic, glutinous, and large-grained black rice variety mainly grown in the Indian states of Manipur and Nagaland. [4] It is a common and widely cultivated crop in the districts of Imphal East, Imphal West, Bishnupur, Thoubal of Manipur and Peren district of Nagaland. Chak-Hao or Chakhao or Chak Hao Amubi are variations of the same name. It is popularly called the Black rice of Manipur or Manipur Black rice. [5] [6] [7] [8]

Contents

Under its Geographical Indication tag, it is referred to as "Chak-Hao". [9]

Name

Chak-Hao, literally translated as "Delicious rice" in the local state language of Manipuri (Meitei); with "Chak" meaning "rice" while the word "Ahaoba" means "delicious". [10]

Varieties

Manipur's scented rice varieties are classified by farmers based on grain color into four types: Chakhao Amubi (Black), Chakhao Poireiton (Purple), Chakhao Angangba (Red), and Chakhao Angouba (White). [11] [12]

Description

Black rice is described as aromatic, glutinous containing no gluten, sticky and soft after cooking, and is a purple color after cooking. [13] [ better source needed ] It is grown without using agrochemicals.[ citation needed ] It is used for ceremonial purposes and special occasions during making of Chakhao kheer. [14] [15] It requires 40-45 minutes to cook due to the presence of the fibrous bran layer and higher crude fiber content.[ citation needed ]

Geographical indication

It was awarded the Geographical Indication (GI) status tag from the Geographical Indications Registry, under the Union Government of India, on 20 April 2020 and is valid until 25 December 2027. [9] [16]

Consortium of Producers of Chak-Hao (Black Rice) from Imphal, proposed the GI registration of Chak-Hao. After filing the application in December 2017, the rice was granted the GI tag in 2020 by the Geographical Indication Registry in Chennai, making the name "Chak-Hao" exclusive to the rice grown in the region. It thus became the first rice variety from Manipur and Nagaland. It also is the 5th type of goods from Manipur and 4th from Nagaland to earn the GI tag respectively. [17]

The GI tag protects the rice from illegal selling and marketing, and gives it legal protection and a unique identity.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manipur</span> State in northeastern India

Manipur is a state in northeast India, with the city of Imphal as its capital. It is bounded by the Indian states of Nagaland to the north, Mizoram to the south and Assam to the west. It also borders two regions of Myanmar, Sagaing Region to the east and Chin State to the south. The state covers an area of 22,327 km2 (8,621 sq mi). The official and most widely spoken language is the Meitei language. Native to the Meitei people, it is also used as a lingua franca by smaller communities, who speak a variety of other Tibeto-Burman languages. Manipur has been at the crossroads of Asian economic and cultural exchange for more than 2,500 years. This exchange connects the Indian subcontinent and Central Asia to Southeast Asia, East Asia, Siberia, regions in the Arctic, Micronesia and Polynesia enabling migration of people, cultures and religions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Meitei language</span> Tibeto-Burman language of India

Meitei also known as Manipuri, is a Tibeto-Burman language of northeast India. It is the official language and the lingua franca of Manipur and an additional official language in four districts of Assam. It is one of the constitutionally scheduled official languages of the Indian Republic. Meitei is the most widely-spoken Tibeto-Burman language of India and the third most widely spoken language of northeast India after Assamese and Bengali. There are 1.76 million Meitei native speakers in India according to the 2011 census, 1.52 million of whom are found in the state of Manipur, where they represent the majority of its population. There are smaller communities in neighbouring Indian states, such as Assam (168,000), Tripura (24,000), Nagaland (9,500), and elsewhere in the country (37,500). The language is also spoken by smaller groups in neighbouring Myanmar and Bangladesh.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Meitei people</span> Ethnic group of South Asia

The Meitei people, also known as Meetei, Manipuri people, are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group native to Manipur. They form the largest and dominant ethnic group of Manipur in Northeast India. They speak the Meitei language, one of the 22 official languages of the Republic of India and the sole official language of Government of Manipur. The Meiteis primarily settled in the Imphal Valley region in modern-day Manipur, though a sizeable population has settled in the other Indian states of Assam, Tripura, Nagaland, Meghalaya, and Mizoram. There is also a notable presence of Meitei people in the neighbouring countries of Myanmar and Bangladesh. The Meitei ethnic group represents about 53% of Manipur's population.

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References

  1. ↑ Schlegel, Rolf H. J. (15 December 2017). History of Plant Breeding. CRC Press. ISBN   978-1-351-58896-6 . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  2. ↑ Singh, Akansha. Climate-Smart Rice Breeding. Springer Nature. ISBN   978-981-97-7098-4 . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  3. ↑ Somasundaram, Jayanthi (18 November 2017). "Grains with gains". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  4. ↑ "Manipur: Aromatic black rice 'Chak-hao' gains popularity, will be exported to Europe". India Today NE (in Hindi). 7 April 2024. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  5. ↑ Banerjee, Kaushani (21 March 2020). "Embrace the dark side: Black is the new black in Indian kitchens". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  6. ↑ "Manipur black rice gets Geographical Indication tag". Hindustan Times. 2 May 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  7. ↑ Sudhish, Navamy (25 October 2024). "Kollam farmer forays into cultivation of 'superfood' black rice variety from Manipur". The Hindu. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  8. ↑ "Dishes from Northeast that are prepared from chili". www.indiatodayne.in. 9 May 2024. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  9. 1 2 "Chak-Hao". Intellectual Property India. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  10. ↑ Li, Jin Quan (15 March 2017). Advances in International Rice Research. BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN   978-953-51-3009-3 . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  11. ↑ "CHAKHAO: SCENTED TRADITIONAL RICE OF MANIPUR (INDIA)". Journal of Advanced Scientific Research. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
  12. ↑ Devi, Lourembam Monika; Badwaik, Laxmikant S. (1 October 2022). "Variety difference in physico-chemical, cooking, textural, pasting and phytochemical properties of pigmented rice". Food Chemistry Advances. 1: 100059. doi:10.1016/j.focha.2022.100059. ISSN   2772-753X . Retrieved 13 December 2024.
  13. ↑ Patra, Sanjukta; Mitra, Sudip; Singha, Siddhartha; Kalita, Pankaj (20 March 2023). Technologies for Rural Development: Proceedings of NERC 2022. Springer Nature. ISBN   978-981-19-8513-3 . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  14. ↑ Tilak, Sudha G. (15 October 2019). Temple Tales: Secrets and Stories from India's Sacred Places. Hachette India. ISBN   978-93-88322-47-8 . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  15. ↑ "Discovering 10 Unique Manipuri Dishes You Should Know". www.timesnownews.com. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  16. ↑ "Organic Manipur black rice exported to Europe for the first time". Hindustan Times. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  17. ↑ Business and Economy Current Affairs Yearly Review 2021 E-book: Check this Business and Economy Current Affairs Yearly Review 2021 E-book. Know all annual news here. Testbook.com. 24 January 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
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