Chak-Hao (Black rice)

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Chak-Hao
Geographical indication
Alternative namesChak Hao Amubi, Manipur Black rice [1] [2] [3]
DescriptionChak-Hao is a rice variety cultivated in Manipur and Nagaland
AreaManipur and Nagaland
Country India
Registered20 April 2020
Official website ipindia.gov.in

Chak-Hao is an indigenous, aromatic, glutinous, and large-grained black rice variety mainly grown in the Indian states of Manipur and Nagaland. [4] It is a common and widely cultivated crop in the districts of Imphal East, Imphal West, Bishnupur, Thoubal of Manipur and Peren district of Nagaland. Chak-Hao or Chakhao or Chak Hao Amubi are variations of the same name. It is popularly called the Black rice of Manipur or Manipur Black rice. [5] [6] [7] [8]

Contents

Under its Geographical Indication tag, it is referred to as "Chak-Hao". [9]

Name

Chak-Hao, literally translated as "Delicious rice" in the local state language of Manipuri (Meitei); with "Chak" meaning "rice" while the word "Ahaoba" means "delicious". [10]

Varieties

Manipur's scented rice varieties are classified by farmers based on grain color into four types: Chakhao Amubi (Black), Chakhao Poireiton (Purple), Chakhao Angangba (Red), and Chakhao Angouba (White). [11] [12]

Description

Black rice is described as aromatic, glutinous containing no gluten, sticky and soft after cooking, and is a purple color after cooking. [13] [ better source needed ] It is grown without using agrochemicals.[ citation needed ] It is used for ceremonial purposes and special occasions during making of Chakhao kheer. [14] [15] It requires 40-45 minutes to cook due to the presence of the fibrous bran layer and higher crude fiber content.[ citation needed ]

Geographical indication

It was awarded the Geographical Indication (GI) status tag from the Geographical Indications Registry, under the Union Government of India, on 20 April 2020 and is valid until 25 December 2027. [9] [16]

Consortium of Producers of Chak-Hao (Black Rice) from Imphal, proposed the GI registration of Chak-Hao. After filing the application in December 2017, the rice was granted the GI tag in 2020 by the Geographical Indication Registry in Chennai, making the name "Chak-Hao" exclusive to the rice grown in the region. It thus became the first rice variety from Manipur and Nagaland. It also is the 5th type of goods from Manipur and 4th from Nagaland to earn the GI tag respectively. [17]

The GI tag protects the rice from illegal selling and marketing, and gives it legal protection and a unique identity.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manipur</span> State in northeastern India

Manipur is a landlocked state in northeast India with Imphal as its capital. It borders Assam to the west, Mizoram to the south, and Nagaland to the north. It shares international borders with Myanmar, specifically the Sagaing Region to the east and Chin State to the southeast. Covering an area of 8,621 square miles, the state consists mostly of hilly terrain with the 700-square-mile Imphal Valley inhabited by the Meitei (Manipuri) community, historically a kingdom. Surrounding hills are home to Naga and Kuki-Zo communities, who speak Tibeto-Burman languages. The official language and lingua franca, Meitei (Manipuri), also belongs to the Tibeto-Burman family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Meitei people</span> Ethnic group of South Asia

The Meitei people, also known as Meetei, Manipuri people, are a Tibeto-Burman ethnic group native to the Indian State of Manipur. They form the largest and dominant ethnic group of Manipur in Northeast India. They speak the Meitei language, one of the 22 official languages of the Republic of India and the sole official language of Government of Manipur. The Meiteis primarily settled in the Imphal Valley region in modern-day Manipur, though a sizeable population has settled in the other Indian states of Assam, Tripura, Nagaland, Meghalaya, and Mizoram. There is also a notable presence of Meiteis in the neighbouring countries of Myanmar and Bangladesh. The Meiteis represents about 53% of Manipur's population.

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References

  1. ↑ Schlegel, Rolf H. J. (15 December 2017). History of Plant Breeding. CRC Press. ISBN   978-1-351-58896-6 . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  2. ↑ Singh, Akansha (2024). Climate-Smart Rice Breeding. Springer Nature. ISBN   978-981-97-7098-4 . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  3. ↑ Somasundaram, Jayanthi (18 November 2017). "Grains with gains". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  4. ↑ "Manipur: Aromatic black rice 'Chak-hao' gains popularity, will be exported to Europe". India Today NE (in Hindi). 7 April 2024. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  5. ↑ Banerjee, Kaushani (21 March 2020). "Embrace the dark side: Black is the new black in Indian kitchens". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  6. ↑ "Manipur black rice gets Geographical Indication tag". Hindustan Times. 2 May 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  7. ↑ Sudhish, Navamy (25 October 2024). "Kollam farmer forays into cultivation of 'superfood' black rice variety from Manipur". The Hindu. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  8. ↑ "Dishes from Northeast that are prepared from chili". www.indiatodayne.in. 9 May 2024. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  9. 1 2 "Chak-Hao". Intellectual Property India. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  10. ↑ Li, Jin Quan (15 March 2017). Advances in International Rice Research. BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN   978-953-51-3009-3 . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  11. ↑ "CHAKHAO: SCENTED TRADITIONAL RICE OF MANIPUR (INDIA)". Journal of Advanced Scientific Research. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
  12. ↑ Devi, Lourembam Monika; Badwaik, Laxmikant S. (1 October 2022). "Variety difference in physico-chemical, cooking, textural, pasting and phytochemical properties of pigmented rice". Food Chemistry Advances. 1: 100059. doi: 10.1016/j.focha.2022.100059 . ISSN   2772-753X.
  13. ↑ Patra, Sanjukta; Mitra, Sudip; Singha, Siddhartha; Kalita, Pankaj (20 March 2023). Technologies for Rural Development: Proceedings of NERC 2022. Springer Nature. ISBN   978-981-19-8513-3 . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  14. ↑ Tilak, Sudha G. (15 October 2019). Temple Tales: Secrets and Stories from India's Sacred Places. Hachette India. ISBN   978-93-88322-47-8 . Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  15. ↑ "Discovering 10 Unique Manipuri Dishes You Should Know". www.timesnownews.com. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  16. ↑ "Organic Manipur black rice exported to Europe for the first time". Hindustan Times. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  17. ↑ Business and Economy Current Affairs Yearly Review 2021 E-book: Check this Business and Economy Current Affairs Yearly Review 2021 E-book. Know all annual news here. Testbook.com. 24 January 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
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