Clarkia amoena | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Myrtales |
Family: | Onagraceae |
Genus: | Clarkia |
Species: | C. amoena |
Binomial name | |
Clarkia amoena (Lehm.) A.Nels. & J.F.Macbr | |
Clarkia amoena, commonly known as farewell to spring, godetia, or satin flower, is a species of flowering plant native to western North America. It is found in coastal hills and mountains from British Columbia south to the San Francisco Bay Area of California.
This annual herb produces showy pink to lavender flowers and is known for its late spring to early summer blooming period. The species was formerly classified in the genus Godetia, and is still sometimes referred to by the synonym Godetia amoena.
It is an annual plant growing to 1 m tall, with slender, linear leaves 2–7 cm long and 2–6 mm broad. The flowers are pink to pale purple, with four broad petals 1.5–6 cm long. The fruit is a dry capsule, which splits open when mature to release the numerous seeds.
Five subspecies are currently recognised, although intermediate forms are commonly found: [1]
Farewell to spring is commonly cultivated as a garden plant, and cultivated varieties are known.
It a cool season plant and will tolerate temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F) in gardens or greenhouses. It flowers faster under long day conditions. [7] The plants grow best with minimal fertilizer. Popular cultivars introduced in the 1980s include cut flower (tall; 'Grace') and potted plant (short; 'Satin') types.
A gallery of cultivars is presented below.
Anigozanthos is a genus of plant found naturally in the Southwestern Australia biogeographic region, belonging to the bloodwort family Haemodoraceae. The 11 species and their subspecies are commonly known as kangaroo paw or catspaw, depending on their size, and the shape and colour of their flowers. A further species, previously identified as Anigozanthos fuliginosus, was separated to a monotypic genus as Macropidia fuliginosa. All 11 species of Anigozanthos are endemic to the south west of Western Australia, Noongar Boodjar.
Lavandula stoechas, the Spanish lavender or topped lavender (U.S.) or French lavender (U.K.), is a species of lavender native to the Mediterranean Basin.
Clarkia is a genus within the flowering plant family Onagraceae. Over 40 species are currently classified in Clarkia; almost all are native to western North America, though one species is native to South America.
Armeria maritima, the thrift, sea thrift or sea pink, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae. It is a compact evergreen perennial which grows in low clumps and sends up long stems that support globes of bright pink flowers. In some cases purple, white or red flowers also occur. It is a popular garden flower and has been distributed worldwide as a garden and cut flower. It does well in gardens designed as xeriscapes or rock gardens. The Latin specific epithet maritima means pertaining to the sea or coastal.
Physostegia virginiana, the obedient plant, obedience or false dragonhead, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is native to North America, where it is distributed from eastern Canada to northern Mexico. Physostegia are known commonly as obedient plants because a flower pushed to one side will often stay in that position. The name “false dragonhead” refers to the dragonheads of the related Dracocephalum, a genus to which the plant once belonged.
Clarkia rubicunda is a flowering plant endemic to California. It is found mostly on the Central Coast part of the state. The plant is known by the common names Ruby Chalice Clarkia and Farewell to Spring.
Monardella villosa is a plant in the mint family which is known by the common name coyote mint. In 2020, it was included in Monardella odoratissima. As of April 2024, acceptance of the inclusion varies.
Clarkia bottae is a species of wildflower with several common names, including punchbowl godetia, Botta's clarkia, Botta's fairyfan, and hill clarkia.
Galium californicum is a species of flowering plant in the coffee family known by the common name California bedstraw.
Clarkia biloba is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common name twolobe clarkia and two lobed clarkia.
Clarkia rostrata is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common name beaked clarkia.
Clarkia tembloriensis is a rare species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family, known by the common name Temblor Range clarkia and belonging to the Onagraceae family.
Clarkia pulchella, also known as pinkfairies, ragged robin, and deerhorn clarkia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Onagraceae.
Monardella australis subsp. cinerea, synonym Monardella cinerea, is a rare subspecies of flowering plant in the mint family, known by the common name gray monardella. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the San Gabriel Mountains and San Jacinto Mountains in the Los Angeles area, and the central coast Santa Lucia Mountains in the Los Padres National Forest. It grows in rocky forested areas.
Monardella linoides is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae known by the common name flaxleaf monardella.
Monardella undulata is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name curlyleaf monardella. It is an annual herb and is endemic to the coast of California.
Orobanche californica, known by the common name California broomrape, is a species of broomrape. It is a parasitic plant growing attached to the roots of other plants, usually members of the Asteraceae.
Artemisia cana is a species of sagebrush native to western and central North America; it is a member of the sunflower family. It is known by many common names, including silver sagebrush, sticky sagebrush, silver wormwood, hoary sagebrush, and dwarf sagebrush.
Frank Harlan Lewis was an American botanist, geneticist, taxonomist, systematist, and evolutionist who worked primarily with plants in the genus Clarkia. He is best known for his theories of "catastrophic selection" and "saltational speciation", which are closely aligned with the concepts of quantum evolution and sympatric speciation. The concepts were first articulated in 1958 by Lewis and Peter H. Raven, and later refined in a 1962 paper by Lewis in which he coined the term "catastrophic selection". In 1966, he referred to the same mechanism as "saltational speciation".