Crinum americanum

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Crinum americanum
Crinum americanum1LEPPYONE.jpg
American Crinum
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Genus: Crinum
Species:
C. americanum
Binomial name
Crinum americanum
L.
Synonyms [2]
  • Bulbine uncinataMoench
  • Crinum caribaeumBaker
  • Crinum ceruleumRaf.
  • Crinum commelyniDC. nom. illeg.
  • Crinum conicumM.Roem.
  • Crinum floridanumGriseb.
  • Crinum herbertianumSchult. & Schult.f.
  • Crinum longiflorumHerb.
  • Crinum roozenianumO'Brien
  • Crinum strictumHerb. nom. illeg.
  • Crinum texanumHannibal nom. illeg.
  • Scadianus multiflorusRaf.

Crinum americanum is an aquatic angiosperm native to North America from Texas to South Carolina, as well as Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. [3] Common names for this species include Florida swamp-lily, [4] string lily, [4] and southern swamp crinum. [4] The species grows in small groups in still water habitats.

Contents

Crinum species are now members of the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae; [5] they were formerly placed in the family Liliaceae.

Etymology

The Latin specific epithet americanum refers to the plant's native habitat. [6]

Description

Crinum americanum is a perennial bulb that can grow up to 4 ft (1.2 m) tall. [7] The plant has simple leaves that are up to 4 ft (1.2 m) long and 3 in (7.6 cm) wide. [8] Flowers are fragrant and lily-like with white petals that can sometimes be blushed pink in color. [6] The flower stem grows up to 3 ft (0.91 m) tall and has two to six flowered umbel s. [8] The upper portion of the stamen is purple and anthers are also purple in color. [8]

Distribution and habitat

It is native to North America from Texas to South Carolina, as well as Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. [3] It grows in freshwater marshes, cypress swamps, and lake edges. [8]

Conservation

As of November 2024, NatureServe listed Crinum americanum as Secure (G5). This status was last reviewed on 4 August 1988. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Amaryllis</i> Genus of plants

Amaryllis is the only genus in the subtribe Amaryllidinae. It is a small genus of flowering bulbs, with two species. The better known of the two, Amaryllis belladonna, is a native of the Western Cape region of South Africa, particularly the rocky southwest area between the Olifants River Valley and Knysna.

<i>Crinum</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Amaryllidaceae

Crinum is a genus of about 180 species of perennial plants that have large showy flowers on leafless stems, and develop from bulbs. They are found in seasonally moist areas, including marshes, swamps, depressions and along the sides of streams and lakes in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide.

<i>Viburnum acerifolium</i> Species of flowering plant

Viburnum acerifolium, the mapleleaf viburnum, maple-leaved arrowwood or dockmackie, is a species of Viburnum, native to eastern North America from southwestern Quebec and Ontario south to northern Florida and eastern Texas. It is adapted for USDA hardiness zones of 4 to 8.

<i>Hibiscus grandiflorus</i> Species of flowering plant in the mallow family native to the United States and Cuba

Hibiscus grandiflorus, the large-flowered hibiscus or swamp rosemallow, is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It Is native to the southern United States, from southeast Texas, to southern Florida as well as western Cuba. It is historically known from South Carolina. It favors wet habitats, especially tidal marshes, as well as lakeshores and wet pine savannas. Its flowers serve as a nectar source for hummingbirds, and its fruits provide seeds for other birds.

<i>Narthecium americanum</i> Species of flowering plant

Narthecium americanum is a species of flowering plant in the Nartheciaceae known by the common names yellow asphodel and bog asphodel. It is native to New Jersey in the United States. It is now apparently limited to that state, having likely been extirpated from Delaware, North Carolina, and South Carolina.

<i>Crinum pedunculatum</i> Species of flowering plant

Crinum pedunculatum also known as the swamp lily, river lily or mangrove lily, is a bulbous perennial found in stream and tidal areas of the Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales, Australia as well as New Guinea and some Pacific Islands. It is unclear whether it is native or introduced to Norfolk Island.

<i>Calycanthus floridus</i> Species of flowering plant

Calycanthus floridus, or commonly known as the eastern sweetshrub, Carolina all spice, or spicebush, is a species of flowering shrub in the family Calycanthaceae. It is identifiable by its dark red flowers and fragrant scent. It is non-invasive and is found in the Southeastern United States region. The Nature Conservancy considers its conservation status to be G5, globally secure, indicating it is at low risk of extinction. It is presumed to have been extirpated from Ohio.

<i>Crinum bulbispermum</i> Species of flowering plants in the family Amaryllidaceae

Crinum bulbispermum is a herbaceous plant native to South Africa, Lesotho and Eswatini. It is naturalized in the Lesser Antilles, Honduras, Cuba, Florida, Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, South Carolina and North Carolina. Crinum bulbispermum is the floral emblem of the Free State province of South Africa.

<i>Erythronium americanum</i> Species of flowering plant

Erythronium americanum, the trout lily, yellow trout lily, fawn lily, yellow adder's-tongue, or yellow dogtooth violet, is a species of perennial, colony forming, spring ephemeral flower native to North America and dwelling in woodland habitats. Within its range it is a very common and widespread species, especially in eastern North America. The common name "trout lily" refers to the appearance of its gray-green leaves mottled with brown or gray, which allegedly resemble the coloring of brook trout.

<i>Verbena hastata</i> Species of flowering plant

Verbena hastata, commonly known as American vervain, blue vervain, simpler's joy, or swamp verbena, is a perennial flowering plant in the vervain family Verbenaceae. It grows throughout the continental United States and in much of southern Canada.

<i>Crinum asiaticum</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Amaryllidaceae

Crinum asiaticum, commonly known as poison bulb, giant crinum lily, grand crinum lily, or spider lily, is a plant species widely planted in many warmer regions as an ornamental. It is a bulb-forming perennial producing an umbel of large, showy flowers that are prized by gardeners. However, all parts of the plant are poisonous if ingested. Some reports indicate exposure to the sap may cause skin irritation.

<i>Lupinus argenteus</i> Plant species in the pea family

Lupinus argenteus is a species of lupine known by the common name silvery lupine. It is native to much of western North America from the southwestern Canadian provinces to the southwestern and midwestern United States, where it grows in several types of habitats, including sagebrush, grassland, and forests.

<i>Allium stellatum</i> Species of flowering plant

Allium stellatum, commonly known as the autumn onion, prairie onion, cliff onion, or glade onion, is a North American species of wild onion in the Amaryllidaceae family that is native to central Canada and the central United States.

<i>Luzula multiflora</i> Species of flowering plant in the rush family Juncaceae

Luzula multiflora, the common woodrush or heath wood-rush, is a species of flowering plant in the rush family.

<i>Lilium grayi</i> Species of lily

Lilium grayi is a perennial plant that is endemic to the eastern US states of North Carolina, Virginia, and Tennessee, growing in moist, acid soil in the Appalachian Mountains on higher elevation meadows, bogs, and seeps. The plant was introduced to Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in 1890 and was featured in the Kew Bulletin in 1892.

<i>Thalictrum fendleri</i> Species of flowering plant

Thalictrum fendleri is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family known by the common name Fendler's meadow-rue. It is named in honor of Augustus Fendler.

<i>Iris virginica</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris virginica, with the common name Virginia blueflag, Virginia iris, great blue flag, or southern blue flag, is a perennial species of flowering plant in the Iridaceae (iris) family, native to central and eastern North America.

<i>Lilium iridollae</i> Species of lily

Lilium iridollae is a species of "true lily". A perennial forb, it is one of nine known Lilium species native to the eastern North America. In 1940, this species was discovered by Mary Henry in its habitat. She named the lily in reference to a "pot of gold at the end of the rainbow".

<i>Liparis liliifolia</i> Species of plant (orchid)

Liparis liliifolia, known as the brown widelip orchid, lily-leaved twayblade, large twayblade, and mauve sleekwort, is a species of orchid native to eastern Canada and the eastern United States. It can be found in a variety of habitats, such as forests, shrublands, thickets, woodlands, and mountains. The orchid is considered globally secure, but it is considered rare or endangered in many northeastern states.

<i>Cirsium altissimum</i> Species of plant

Cirsium altissimum is a North American species of plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Common names are tall thistle or roadside thistle. The species is native to the eastern and Central United States.

References

  1. 1 2 "Crinum americanum | NatureServe Explorer". NatureServe Explorer. Retrieved 3 November 2024.
  2. "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species" . Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  3. 1 2 "Crinum americanum L. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2024-10-16.
  4. 1 2 3 "Crinum americanum". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  5. Chase, M.W.; Reveal, J.L. & Fay, M.F. (2009), "A subfamilial classification for the expanded asparagalean families Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 132–136, doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00999.x
  6. 1 2 "Crinum americanum - Plant Finder". www.missouribotanicalgarden.org. Retrieved 2024-10-16.
  7. "Crinum americanum (Crinum Lily, Florida Swamp-Lily, Seven Sisters, Southern Swamp Lily, String Lily) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox". plants.ces.ncsu.edu. Retrieved 2024-10-15.
  8. 1 2 3 4 "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2024-10-16.