Eryniopsis

Last updated

Eryniopsis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Entomophthoromycota
Class: Entomophthoromycetes
Order: Entomophthorales
Family: Entomophthoraceae
Genus: Eryniopsis
Humber, 1984 [1]
Type species
Eryniopsis lampyridarum
(Thaxt.) Humber (1984)

Eryniopsis is a genus of fungi within the family of Entomophthoraceae and order Entomophthorales. [2] This has been supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis (Gryganskyi et al. 2012). [3]

Contents

The genus was circumscribed by American mycologist Richard A. Humber in 1984, and the name of Eryniopsis was derived from its similarity to members of the fungal genus Erynia , and also combined with the Greek word opsis which means "aspect" or "appearance". [1]

The genus of Eryniopsis was initially created in 1984, based on Eryniopsis lampyridarum, for species with primary conidia that are multi-nucleate (ca 4–12 nu-clei), unitunicate (having one wall in the ascus) and elongate (rather than globose (rounded) or pyriform (pear-shaped)). They are produced on simple to dichotomously branched conidiophores, and actively ejected (Humber 1984). [1] This genus originally contained three species; Eryniopsis lampyridarum, Eryniopsis longispora and Eryniopsis caroliniana. In 1993, two more species that produce elongate secondary conidia were added to Eryniopsis (Keller & Eilenberg 1993). Eryniopsis transitans was known only from Limoniidae (formerly a subfamily of crane flies, Tipulidae ) found in Switzerland and also Eryniopsis ptychopterae which was known only from Ptychopteridae (phantom crane flies, closely related to Tipulidae) and found in Denmark. They both had pear-shaped primary conidia that resemble members of the genus Entomophaga . [4] (They were later transferred to that genus).

The species of Eryniopsis vary in the shapes of primary conidia. [4]

Distribution

It has a cosmopolitan distribution, scattered worldwide. With most sightings in America and Europe. [5] Including Switzerland, [6] and Spain. [7]

Hosts

Species Eryniopsis lampyridarum is known to infect (and kills later) the soldier beetle, either species Chauliognathus marginatus or goldenrod soldier beetle species, Chauliognathus pensylvanicus . [8] [9] [10]

Species Eryniopsis caroliniana has been found on (Diptera order) Tipulidae hosts in North America, central and western Europe. [4]

Species Eryniopsis longispora has been found on (Diptera order) small Nematocera hosts in Poland. [4]

Species

As accepted by Species Fungorum; [11]

Former species; (all family Entomophthoraceae) [11]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Humber, R. A. 1984. Mycotaxon, 21, 257-264.
  2. ↑ Elya, Carolyn; De Fine Licht, Henrik H. (12 November 2021). "The genus Entomophthora: bringing the insect destroyers into the twenty-first century &". IMA Fungus. 12 (34).
  3. ↑ Gryganskyi AP, Humber RA, Smith ME et al (2012) Molecular phylogeny of the Entomophthoromycota. Mol Phylogenet Evol 65:682–694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.07.026
  4. 1 2 3 4 Hajek, Ann E.; Bruun Jensen, Annette; Thomsen, Lene; Hodge, Kathie T.; Eilenberg, Jørgen (2003). "PCR-RFLP is used to investigate relations among species in theentomopathogenic genera Eryniopsis and Entomophaga". Mycologia. 95 (2): 262–268.
  5. ↑ "Eryniopsis Humber". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  6. ↑ Keller, Siegfried (1991). "Arthropod pathogenic Entomophthorales of Switzerland. II. Erynia, Eryniopsis, Neozygites, Zoophthora and Tarichium". Sydowia. 43: 39–122.
  7. ↑ H.R. Engelmann (J. Cramer, Editor) Nova Hedwigia, Volume 73; Volume 73 (2001) , p. 167, at Google Books
  8. ↑ "Fungus creates zombie beetles that crave flowers before death". New Scientist. Archived from the original on 8 August 2017.
  9. ↑ Geggel, Laura (15 June 2017). "Photos: Zombie Beetles Hang from Flowers". livescience.com. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  10. ↑ Steinkrausa, Donald C.; Hajekb, Ann E.; Liebherrb, Jim K. (2017). "Zombie soldier beetles: Epizootics in the goldenrod soldier beetle, Chauliognathus pensylvanicus (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) caused by Eryniopsis lampyridarum (Entomophthoromycotina: Entomophthoraceae)". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 148: 51–59. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2017.05.002. PMID   28535871.
  11. 1 2 "Eryniopsis - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.