Isabelo de los Reyes Sr. y Florentino, also known as Don Belong, was a prominent Filipino patriot, politician, writer, journalist, and labor activist in the 19th and 20th centuries. He was the original founder and proclaimer of the Iglesia Filipina Independiente, the first-ever Filipino independent Christian Church in history in the form of a nationalist church, which was proclaimed in 1902. He is popularly known today as the "Father of Philippine Folklore", the "Father of the Philippine Labor Movement", and the "Father of Filipino Socialism".
Loay, officially the Municipality of Loay, is a 5th class municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 17,855 people.
Sierra Bullones, officially the Municipality of Sierra Bullones, is a third class municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 26,095 people.
Ubay, officially the Municipality of Ubay, is a fast growing 1st class municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. Based on the 2020 Philippine Statistics Authority census, it has a population of 81,799 people which is projected to grow to 100,000 in 2030.
Banate, officially the Municipality of Banate, is a 4th class municipality in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 33,376 people.
Datu Sikatuna was a Datu or chieftain of the Bool Kingdom in the island of Bohol in the Philippines. He made a blood compact (sanduguan) and alliance with the Spanish explorer Miguel López de Legazpi on March 25, 1565 at Hinawanan Bay, barangay Hinawanan, Loay. Their blood compact is the first Treaty of Friendship between Spain and the Philippines. The previous site of the pact was thought to have been at barangay Bool, Tagbilaran City but later a panel of historians concluded that the event actually happened at barangay Hinawanan, Loay, Bohol as ratified through Resolution No. 4, issued by the National Historical Institute in 2005.
Joseph Manuel María Joaquin Micheltorena y Llano was a brigadier general and adjutant-general of the Mexican Army, Governor of California, commandant-general and inspector of the department of Las Californias, then within Mexico. Micheltorena was the last non-Californian born Mexican governor, preceding the San Gabriel-born Pío Pico, the last provincial governor.
Francisco de Asís was King of Spain as the husband of Queen Isabella II from their marriage in 1846 until Isabella's deposition in 1868. Francisco and his wife were double first cousins, as their fathers were brothers and their mothers were sisters. Isabella was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1868, but the monarchy was restored under their son Alfonso XII in 1874.
Francisco Dagohoy was a Filipino revolutionary who holds the distinction of having initiated the longest revolt in Philippine history, the Dagohoy Rebellion. This rebellion against the Spanish colonial government took place on the island of Bohol from 1744 to 1829, roughly 85 years. Francisco Dagohoy started the revolt at the age of 20.
The principalía or noble class was the ruling and usually educated upper class in the pueblos of Spanish Philippines, comprising the gobernadorcillo, tenientes de justicia, and the cabezas de barangay who governed the districts. Also included in this class were former gobernadorcillos or municipal captains, and municipal lieutenants in good standing during their term of office.
The Eskaya, less commonly known as the Visayan-Eskaya, is the collective name for the members of a cultural minority found in Bohol, Philippines, which is distinguished by its cultural heritage, particularly its literature, language, dress and religious observances. After the Eskaya first came to public attention in 1980, these cultural practices were the subject of intense speculation on the part of local journalists and amateur historians who made diverse claims about the ethnolinguistic status of the Eskaya people. The unique Eskayan language and writing system in particular has been a source of fascination and controversy. Some journalists argued that the Eskaya were historically displaced from the Middle East, while others suggested that the community was a cult speaking an invented language. According to Eskaya mythology, the language and script was created through divine inspiration by the ancestor Pinay who based it on the human body. Suppressed by the Spanish colonists, Pinay's language was said to have resurfaced under the leadership of Mariano Datahan, a veteran of Bohol's republican army. Although the historical existence of Pinay cannot be confirmed, more recent studies that combined linguistic analysis with oral history and genealogical research provide evidence that the Eskaya language was most likely created and disseminated within a generation by a charismatic individual. Today, the Eskaya are officially classified as an Indigenous Cultural Community under The Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of 1997. A number of reports have suggested that Eskaya linguistic and cultural education has been in steady decline since the mid-1980s, although promising revitalisation efforts have also been documented.
Felipe de Zúñiga y Ontiveros was a scientist, cartographer and publisher in New Spain Mexico during the Spanish colonial period. He was also royal land surveyor and hydraulic and mining engineer.
Rafael Gerónimo Cayetano Izquierdo y Gutiérrez was a Spanish military officer, politician, and statesman. He served as Governor-General of the Philippines from 4 April 1871 to 8 January 1873. He was famous for his use of "Iron Fist" type of government, contradicting the liberal government of his predecessor, Carlos María de la Torre y Navacerrada. He was the governor-general during the 1872 Cavite mutiny which led to execution of 41 of the mutineers, including the Gomburza priests. Izquierdo also acted as Governor of Puerto Rico from February to April 1862.
Marcelo Hilario del Pilar y Gatmaitán, commonly known as Marcelo H. del Pilar and also known by his nom de plumePláridel, was a Filipino writer, lawyer, journalist, and freemason. Del Pilar, along with José Rizal and Graciano López Jaena, became known as the leaders of the Reform Movement in Spain.
The Doctrina Christiana were two early books on the catechism of the Catholic Church, both published 1593 in Manila, Philippines. These are two of the earliest printed books in the Philippines.
Freemasonry or Masonry refers to a civic movement promoting fraternity and good works. Freemasonry defines itself as “a regular system of morality, veiled in allegory and illustrated by symbols.” In particular masonic meetings are characterized by initiations and rituals. As such masonry has been viewed historically by churches and governments as secret societies.
Manuel Mozo y Díaz Robles was a Spanish admiral, the Chief of Staff of the Spanish Navy from 30 March 1899 till his death on 27 April 1902. Additionally, he commanded multiple different ships and squadrons, as well as serving as commandant of the Escuela Naval Militar. He himself entered the naval college at Cadíz in 1849. During the Spanish–American War, Mozo attended the 23 April 1898 meeting of senior Spanish naval officers chaired by Segismundo Bermejo y Merelo to discuss the dispatch of Admiral Pascual Cervera y Topete's squadron to Puerto Rico and Cuba. He stated that if the Government of Spain believed it was in the country's best interest, then he was in favor, otherwise he considered that it would lead to disaster unless his squadron was reinforced. He was awarded the Order of Naval Merit in 1897. As of 1895, he was a ship-of-the-line captain. He was a supporter of the Jeune Ecole French school of naval strategic thought, which he spoke of in his treatise on international maritime law.
Guilalo, were large Tagalog outrigger ships from the Philippines. They were common vessels in Manila Bay in the 18th and 19th centuries. They were easily identifiable by their two large settee sails made with woven fiber. They were steered by a central rudder and can be rowed with round-bladed oars.
Juan Domingo Pignatelli de Aragón y de Gonzaga, 6th VI Duke of Solferino, 19th Conde de Fuentes (1762–1819) was a Spanish military commander.
