Guy's Hospital

Tower Wing
Tower Wing
	Tower Wing
General information
Status	Complete
Location	Southwark
Coordinates	51°30′12″N00°05′13″W / 51.50333°N 0.08694°W Coordinates: 51°30′12″N00°05′13″W / 51.50333°N 0.08694°W
Current tenants	Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
Construction started	1968
Construction stopped	1974
Owner	National Health Service
Height	148.65 metres (487.7 ft)
Design and construction
Architect	Watkins Gray

Guy's Hospital
Guy's Hospital
	Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
	Guy's Hospital entrance with Boland House on the left and the Chapel on the right
	Shown in Southwark
Geography
Location	Southwark, London, England
Organisation
Care system	NHS England
Hospital type	Teaching
Affiliated university	King's College London / KCLMS
Services
Emergency department	No
Beds	400 [1]
History
Founded	1721
Links
Website	www.guysandstthomas.nhs.uk

Last updated September 03, 2019

Guy's Hospital is an NHS hospital in the borough of Southwark in central London. It is part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and one of the institutions that comprise the King's Health Partners, an academic health science centre.

The NHS in England, NHS Scotland, NHS Wales, and the affiliated Health and Social Care (HSC) in Northern Ireland were established together in 1948 as one of the major social reforms following the Second World War. The founding principles were that services should be comprehensive, universal and free at the point of delivery. Each service provides a comprehensive range of health services, free at the point of use for people ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom, apart from dental treatment and optical care. The English NHS also requires patients to pay prescription charges with a range of exemptions from these charges.

A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment with specialized medical and nursing staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which typically has an emergency department to treat urgent health problems ranging from fire and accident victims to a sudden illness. A district hospital typically is the major health care facility in its region, with a large number of beds for intensive care and additional beds for patients who need long-term care. Specialized hospitals include trauma centers, rehabilitation hospitals, children's hospitals, seniors' (geriatric) hospitals, and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such as psychiatric treatment and certain disease categories. Specialized hospitals can help reduce health care costs compared to general hospitals. Hospitals are classified as general, specialty, or government depending on the sources of income received.

The London Borough of Southwark in South London, England forms part of Inner London and is connected by bridges across the River Thames to the City of London. It was created in 1965 when three smaller council areas amalgamated under the London Government Act 1963. All districts of the area are within the London postal district. It is governed by Southwark London Borough Council.

A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals and that is involved in medical research. Teaching hospitals are often affiliated with medical schools and work closely with medical students throughout their period of matriculation, and especially during their clerkship (internship) years. In most cases, teaching hospitals also offer Graduate Medical Education (GME)/ physician residency programs, where medical school graduates train under a supervising (attending) physician to assist with the coordination of care.

St Thomas' Hospital is a large NHS teaching hospital in Central London, England. It is one of the institutions that comprise the King's Health Partners, an academic health science centre. Administratively part of the Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, together with Guy's Hospital and King's College Hospital it provides the location of the King's College London GKT School of Medical Education.

King's College Hospital is an acute care facility in Denmark Hill, Camberwell in the London Borough of Southwark, referred to locally and by staff simply as "King's" or abbreviated internally to "KCH". It is managed by King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. It serves an inner city population of 700,000 in the London boroughs of Southwark and Lambeth, but also serves as a tertiary referral centre in certain specialties to millions of people in southern England. It is a large teaching hospital and is, with Guy's Hospital and St. Thomas' Hospital, the location of King's College London School of Medicine and one of the institutions that comprise the King's Health Partners, an academic health science centre. The chief executive is Dr Clive Kay.

The hospital's Tower Wing (originally known as Guy's Tower) was, when built, the tallest hospital building in the world, standing at 148.65 metres (487.7 ft) with 34 floors. The tower was overtaken as the world's tallest healthcare-related building by The Belaire in New York City in 1988. As of June 2019, the Tower Wing, which remains one of the tallest buildings in London, is the world's fifth-tallest hospital building.^[2]

The City of New York, usually called either New York City (NYC) or simply New York (NY), is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2018 population of 8,398,748 distributed over a land area of about 302.6 square miles (784 km²), New York is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban landmass and one of the world's most populous megacities, with an estimated 19,979,477 people in its 2018 Metropolitan Statistical Area and 22,679,948 residents in its Combined Statistical Area. A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, tourism, art, fashion, and sports. The city's fast pace has inspired the term New York minute. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.

History

The hospital dates from 1721, when it was founded by philanthropist Thomas Guy, who had made a fortune from the South Sea Bubble and as a publisher of unlicensed Bibles.^[3] It was originally established as a hospital to treat "incurables" discharged from St Thomas' Hospital. Guy had been a Governor and benefactor of St Thomas' and his fellow Governors supported his intention by granting the south-side of St Thomas' Street for a peppercorn rent for 999 years.^[3] Following his death in 1724, Thomas Guy was entombed at the hospital's chapel (also dating from the 18th century), in a tomb featuring a marble sculpture by John Bacon.^[3]

Thomas Guy was a British bookseller, speculator and de facto founder of Guy's Hospital, London.

In legal parlance, a peppercorn is a metaphor for a very small payment, a nominal consideration, used to satisfy the requirements for the creation of a legal contract. It featured in Chappell & Co Ltd v Nestle Co Ltd, which stated that "a peppercorn does not cease to be good consideration if it is established that the promisee does not like pepper and will throw away the corn".

John Bacon was a British sculptor who worked in the late 18th century.

The original buildings formed a courtyard facing St Thomas Street, comprising the hall on the east side and the Chapel, Matron's House and Surgeon's House on the west-side. A bequest of £180,000 by William Hunt in 1829, one of the largest charitable bequests in England in historic terms, allowed for a further hundred beds to be accommodated.^[3] Hunt's name was given to the southern expansion of the hospital buildings which took place in 1850.^[3] Two inner quadrangles were divided by a cloister which was later restyled and dedicated to the hospital's members who fell in the First World War. The east side comprised the care wards and the 'counting house' with the governors 'Burfoot Court Room'. The north-side quadrangle is dominated by a statue of Lord Nuffield (1877–1963) who was the chairman of governors for many years and also a major benefactor.^[4]

World War I 1914–1918 global war starting in Europe

World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as "the war to end all wars", it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. It is also one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with an estimated nine million combatants and seven million civilian deaths as a direct result of the war, while resulting genocides and the resulting 1918 influenza pandemic caused another 50 to 100 million deaths worldwide.

William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield Industrialist and philanthropist

William Richard Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield, was an English motor manufacturer and philanthropist. He was the founder of Morris Motors Limited and is remembered as the founder of the Nuffield Foundation, the Nuffield Trust and Nuffield College, Oxford. He took his title from the village of Nuffield in Oxfordshire, where he lived.

In 1974, the hospital added the 34-storey Guy's Tower and 29-storey Guy's House: this complex was designed by Watkins Gray.^[5] The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, which is dedicated to improving outcomes of conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, stroke, Parkinson's disease and spinal cord injury, was opened by the Princess Royal in December 2004.^[6]

The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases (CARD) is based at the Guy's Hospital campus of King's College London, England. It is made up of three research groups including the Receptors and Signalling Group, the Neurorestoration Group and Neurodegeneration and Clinical Trials Group.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), also referred to simply as Alzheimer's, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and gradually worsens over time. It is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events. As the disease advances, symptoms can include problems with language, disorientation, mood swings, loss of motivation, not managing self-care, and behavioural issues. As a person's condition declines, they often withdraw from family and society. Gradually, bodily functions are lost, ultimately leading to death. Although the speed of progression can vary, the typical life expectancy following diagnosis is three to nine years.

A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death. There are two main types of stroke: ischemic, due to lack of blood flow, and hemorrhagic, due to bleeding. Both result in parts of the brain not functioning properly. Signs and symptoms of a stroke may include an inability to move or feel on one side of the body, problems understanding or speaking, dizziness, or loss of vision to one side. Signs and symptoms often appear soon after the stroke has occurred. If symptoms last less than one or two hours it is known as a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or mini-stroke. A hemorrhagic stroke may also be associated with a severe headache. The symptoms of a stroke can be permanent. Long-term complications may include pneumonia or loss of bladder control.

In October 2005 children's departments moved to the Evelina London Children's Hospital in the grounds next to St Thomas's close to the Palace of Westminster.^[7] A new cancer centre, built by Laing O'Rourke at a cost of £160 million, was completed in April 2016.^[8]

Facilities

Medical services at the Guy's site are now concentrated in the buildings to the east of Great Maze Pond: these buildings, which are connected, are known as Tower Wing, Bermondsey Wing, Southwark Wing and Borough Wing.^[9] The Cancer Centre is in a separate building just to the south.^[9] To the west of the Great Maze Pond is Guy's Campus which forms part of King's College London.^[9]

At 148.65 metres (487.7 ft) high,^[10] Guy's Tower (now called the Tower Wing) regained its tallest hospital building in the world status in 2014.^[11] It has since been surpassed by the Outpatient Center at the Houston Methodist Hospital, in Houston, USA at 156.05 metres (512.0 ft).^[12]

Notable people who worked and/or studied at Guy's

Harold Ackroyd, Victoria Cross recipient WWI
Thomas Addison, discoverer of Addison's disease
Stephanie Amiel, diabetologist
John Belchier, British surgeon
William Babington, founder member of the Geological Society
Benjamin Guy Babington invented the larygoscope
Richard Bright, discoverer of Bright's disease
John Butterfield, Baron Butterfield Professor of Experimental Medicine
Sir Astley Cooper, discoverer of the Cooper's ligaments of the breasts
Edward Cock, surgeon and nephew of Sir Astley Cooper
C. S. Forester, English novelist, studied medicine at Guy's but did not graduate
John Frederick France, ophthalmic surgeon
Sir Alfred Downing Fripp, surgeon and knighted for his part in the reform of the R.A.M.C.
Abraham Pineo Gesner, surgeon and inventor of kerosene refining
Sir William Withey Gull, the first to describe myxoedema and coined the term anorexia nervosa
Edward Headlam Greenhow, British physician, sanitarian and Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals lecturer
Thomas Michael Greenhow, British surgeon and sanitarian
Henry Bendelack Hewetson, ophtalmic and Aural surgeon
John Braxton Hicks, obstetrician, discoverer of the Braxton Hicks uterine contractions
John Hilton, great anatomist and surgeon
James Hinton, otologist
Thomas Hodgkin, discoverer of Hodgkin's lymphoma
Sir Frederick Hopkins, discoverer of vitamins
James Jurin, early work on epidemiology of the smallpox vaccine
John Keats, poet
Thomas Wilkinson King, anatomical pathologist
Emily MacManus, Matron
Humphry Osmond, psychiatrist who worked with psychedelic drugs and coined the term
Frederick William Pavy, worked with Richard Bright, one of the founders and presidents of the Medical and Chirurgical Society of London
Sir Edwin Cooper Perry Superintendent; Dean of the Medical School; 1st Warden of the Residential College
Sir Alfred Poland, the first to describe Poland syndrome
Philip Henry Pye-Smith, physician
Patricia Batty Shaw, social worker
Devi Prasad Shetty, cardiac surgeon and founder of Narayana Hrudayalaya
Professor Keith Simpson, Home Office Pathologist
Dr Jean M. Smellie, FRCP, HonFRCPCH, paediatrician
Anthony Trafford, Baron Trafford, Conservative MP, was student and later senior registrar
Gerard Folliott Vaughan, UK psychiatrist, who became a politician and minister of state during Margaret Thatcher's government
Iain West, forensic pathologist
Sir Samuel Wilks
Ludwig Wittgenstein, worked anonymously as a hospital porter during World War II ^[13]
Alan Menter, International Psoriasis Council, Founder

Related Research Articles

King's College London GKT School of Medical Education is the medical school of King's College London. It is the biggest healthcare training facility in Europe. The school has campuses at three institutions, Guy's Hospital (Southwark), King's College Hospital and St Thomas' Hospital (Lambeth) in London - with the initial of each hospital making up the acronymous name of the school. The school in its current guise was formed following a merger with the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals on 1 August 1998.

King's College London is a public research university located in London, United Kingdom, and a founding college and member institution of the federal University of London. King's was established in 1829 by King George IV and Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, when it received its first royal charter, and claims to be the fourth oldest university institution in England. In 1836, King's became one of the two founding colleges of the University of London. In the late 20th century, King's grew through a series of mergers, including with Queen Elizabeth College and Chelsea College of Science and Technology, the Institute of Psychiatry, the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals and the Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery.

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Evelina London Children's Hospital is a specialist NHS hospital in London. It is administratively a part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and provides teaching hospital facilities for London South Bank University and King's College London School of Medicine. Formerly housed at Guy's Hospital in Southwark, it moved to a new building alongside St Thomas' Hospital in Lambeth on 31 October 2005.

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Edward Headlam Greenhow FRS, FRCP was an English physician, epidemiologist, sanitarian, statistician, clinician and lecturer.

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References

↑ "Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust: Vital Statistics". Archived from the original on 25 September 2007. Retrieved 4 November 2008.
↑ "Tallest Health Building". Emporis. Retrieved 2 June 2019.
1 2 3 4 5 "'Guy's Hospital', in Survey of London: Volume 22, Bankside (The Parishes of St. Saviour and Christchurch Southwark), ed. Howard Roberts and Walter H Godfrey". London: British History Online. 1950. p. 36–42. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
↑ "Viscount Nuffield". London Remembers. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
↑ "FindArticles.com – CBSi". findarticles.com. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
↑ "King's Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases opens" (PDF). Comment. 1 December 2004. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
↑ "Evelina London Children's Hospital". Structurae. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
↑ "Laing O'Rourke hands over Guy's cancer centre". Building. 21 April 2016. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
1 2 3 "Campus maps:King's College London". King's College London. 28 June 2006. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
↑ "Guys Hospital, London – Building #100". Skyscrapernews.com. Retrieved 22 April 2013.
↑ "Guy's Lifts Tower regains its title as world's tallest hospital building". www.guysandstthomas.nhs.uk.
↑ "Methodist Outpatient Care Center". Emporis. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
↑ "King's College London – Portering & philosophy". www.kcl.ac.uk. Retrieved 31 March 2018.

External links

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[Beds-1] "Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust: Vital Statistics". Archived from the original on 25 September 2007. Retrieved 4 November 2008.

[2] "Tallest Health Building". Emporis. Retrieved 2 June 2019.

[bho-3] 1 2 3 4 5 "'Guy's Hospital', in Survey of London: Volume 22, Bankside (The Parishes of St. Saviour and Christchurch Southwark), ed. Howard Roberts and Walter H Godfrey". London: British History Online. 1950. p. 36–42. Retrieved 18 April 2018.

[4] "Viscount Nuffield". London Remembers. Retrieved 18 April 2018.

[5] "FindArticles.com – CBSi". findarticles.com. Retrieved 31 March 2018.

[6] "King's Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases opens" (PDF). Comment. 1 December 2004. Retrieved 18 April 2018.

[7] "Evelina London Children's Hospital". Structurae. Retrieved 18 April 2018.

[8] "Laing O'Rourke hands over Guy's cancer centre". Building. 21 April 2016. Retrieved 18 April 2018.

[map-9] 1 2 3 "Campus maps:King's College London". King's College London. 28 June 2006. Retrieved 18 April 2018.

[10] "Guys Hospital, London – Building #100". Skyscrapernews.com. Retrieved 22 April 2013.

[World'sTallestHospitalBuilding-11] "Guy's Lifts Tower regains its title as world's tallest hospital building". www.guysandstthomas.nhs.uk.

[12] "Methodist Outpatient Care Center". Emporis. Retrieved 18 April 2018.

[13] "King's College London – Portering & philosophy". www.kcl.ac.uk. Retrieved 31 March 2018.

v t e King's Health Partners
Partners	Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust King's College London South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
Hospitals	Guy's Hospital King's College Hospital St Thomas' Hospital Bethlem Royal Hospital Lambeth Hospital Maudsley Hospital University Hospital Lewisham
Associated institutions	King's College London School of Medicine