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HD 209458 b, also given the nickname Osiris, is an exoplanet that orbits the solar analog HD 209458 in the constellation Pegasus, some 159 light-years from the Solar System. The radius of the planet's orbit is 0.047 AU, or one-eighth the radius of Mercury's orbit. This small radius results in a year that is 3.5 Earth-days long and an estimated surface temperature of about 1,000 °C. Its mass is 220 times that of Earth and its volume is some 2.5 times greater than that of Jupiter. The high mass and volume of HD 209458 b indicate that it is a gas giant.
HD 11964 c is an extrasolar planet approximately 110 light-years away in the constellation of Cetus. The planet was discovered in a close-orbit around the yellow subgiant star HD 11964. The planet has a minimum mass 35 times the mass of Earth and is located in a mildly eccentric orbit which takes almost 38 days to complete. HD 11964 c was a possible planet discovered on the same day as HD 11964 b in 2005. HD 11964 c was first proposed in a paper published in 2007, and finally confirmed with new data presented in a review of multi-planet systems which appeared on the arXiv preprint website in 2008.
HD 189733 b is an exoplanet approximately 64.5 light-years away from the Solar System in the constellation of Vulpecula. The planet was discovered orbiting the star HD 189733 on October 5, 2005, when astronomers in France observed the planet transiting across the face of the star. With a mass 16.2% higher than that of Jupiter and a radius 13.8% greater, HD 189733 b orbits its host star once every 2.2 days at an orbital speed of 152.5 kilometres per second (341,000 mph), making it a hot Jupiter with poor prospects for extraterrestrial life.
Being the closest transiting hot Jupiter to Earth, HD 189733 b is a subject for extensive atmospheric examination. The atmosphere of HD 189733b has been extensively studied through high- and low-resolution instruments, both from ground and space. HD 189733 b was the first extrasolar planet for which a thermal map was constructed, possibly to be detected through polarimetry, to have its overall color determined, to have a transit detected in X-ray spectrum, and to have carbon dioxide detected in its atmosphere.
HIP 14810 b is a massive hot Jupiter approximately 165 light-years away in the constellation of Aries. It has mass 3.88 times that of Jupiter and orbits at 0.0692 AU. It was discovered by the N2K Consortium in 2006 and the discovery paper was published in 2007. Prior to this a preliminary orbit had been published in the Catalog of Nearby Exoplanets.
HD 153950 b is an extrasolar planet located approximately 162 light-years away. This planet was discovered on October 26, 2008 by Moutou et al. using the HARPS spectrograph on ESO's 3.6 meter telescope installed at La Silla Observatory in Atacama desert, Chile.
HD 212771 b is an extrasolar planet orbiting the G-type star HD 212771 approximately 364 light years away in the constellation Aquarius.
An exoplanet is a planet located outside the Solar System. The first evidence of an exoplanet was noted as early as 1917, but was not recognized as such until 2016. No planet discovery has yet come from that evidence. However, the first scientific detection of an exoplanet began in 1988. Afterwards, the first confirmed detection came in 1992, with the discovery of several terrestrial-mass planets orbiting the pulsar PSR B1257+12. The first confirmation of an exoplanet orbiting a main-sequence star was made in 1995, when a giant planet was found in a four-day orbit around the nearby star 51 Pegasi. Some exoplanets have been imaged directly by telescopes, but the vast majority have been detected through indirect methods, such as the transit method and the radial-velocity method. As of 1 November 2021, there are 4,864 confirmed exoplanets in 3,595 planetary systems, with 803 systems having more than one planet. This is a list of the most notable discoveries.
HD 85512 b is an exoplanet orbiting HD 85512, a K-type main-sequence star approximately 36 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Vela.
HD 113538 b is an exoplanet approximately 51 light years away from Earth in the constellation Centaurus. It orbits its star once every 263.3 days, placing it in the outer edge of the habitable zone. However it is most likely a gas giant with no solid surface.
HD 219134 b is one of at least five exoplanets orbiting HD 219134, a main-sequence star in the constellation of Cassiopeia. HD 219134 b has a size of about 1.6 R🜨, and a density of 6.4 g/cm3 and orbits at 21.25 light-years away. The exoplanet was initially detected by the instrument HARPS-N of the Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo via the radial velocity method and subsequently observed by the Spitzer telescope as transiting in front of its star. The exoplanet has a mass of about 4.5 times that of Earth and orbits its host star every three days. In 2017, it was found that the planet likely hosts an atmosphere.
HD 219134 d, also known as HR 8832 d, is an exoplanet orbiting around the K-type star HD 219134 in the constellation of Cassiopeia. It has a minimum mass over 16 times that of Earth, indicating that it is likely a Hot Neptune. The exoplanet was initially detected by the instrument HARPS-N of the Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo via the radial velocity method. Unlike HD 219134 b and HD 219134 c it was not observed by the Spitzer Space Telescope and thus its radius and density are unknown. Only a minimum possible radius can be given.
HD 219134 h, also known as HR 8832 h, is an exoplanet orbiting around the K-type star HD 219134 in the constellation of Cassiopeia. It has a mass of 108 Earth Masses, which indicates that the planet is likely a gas giant. Unlike HD 219134 b it was not observed by the Spitzer telescope and thus its radius and density are unknown. It is in the ammonia habitable zone, so if it has a large moon with an atmosphere, liquid ammonia could flow on the moon's surface.
HD 240237 b is a super-Jupiter exoplanet orbiting the K-type giant star HD 240237 about 4,900 light-years (1,500 parsecs, or nearly 4.6×1016 km) away from Earth in the constellation Cassiopeia. It orbits outside of the habitable zone of its star at a distance of 1.9 AU. The exoplanet was found by using the radial velocity method, from radial-velocity measurements via observation of Doppler shifts in the spectrum of the planet's parent star. The planet has a mildly eccentric orbit.
HD 89345 b is a Neptune-like exoplanet that orbits a G-type star. It is also called K2-234b. Its mass is 35.7 Earths, it takes 11.8 days to complete one orbit of its star, and is 0.105 AU from its star. It was discovered by 43 astrophysicists, one which is V. Van Eylen, and is announced in 2018.
References
- "HD 113538". Open Exoplanet Catalogue. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
- https://archive.today/20130412183516/http://voparis-exoplanet-new.obspm.fr/catalog/hd_113538_b/
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