HMS Nicator (1916)

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HMS Marmion (1915) IWM SP 809.jpg
History
Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svgUnited Kingdom
NameHMS Nicator
Namesake Nicator
OrderedFebruary 1915
Builder William Denny and Brothers, Dumbarton
Cost£149,730
Yard number1047
Laid down21 April 1915
Launched3 February 1916
Completed15 April 1916
Decommissioned9 May 1921
FateSold to be broken up
General characteristics
Class and type Admiralty M-class destroyer
Displacement
Length265 ft (81 m)
Beam26 ft 8 in (8 m)
Draught9 ft 3 in (3 m)
Installed power3 Yarrow boilers, 25,000  shp (19,000  kW)
Propulsion Parsons steam turbines, 3 shafts
Speed34 knots (63.0 km/h; 39.1 mph)
Range3,450  nmi (6,390 km; 3,970 mi) at 15 kn (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Complement76
Armament

HMS Nicator was an Admiralty M-class destroyer which served with the Royal Navy during the First World War. The M class was an improvement on the preceding Lclass, capable of higher speed. Launched in February 1916, the destroyer fought in the Battle of Jutland between May and June 1916, operating in support of the British battlecruisers in their action against the German High Seas Fleet. Nicator claimed, along with sister ship Nestor, the destruction of a German torpedo boat, likely to be V27. The destroyer also attacked the German battlecruisers and battleships and, although no hits were recorded, kept the German ships from closing with the British. This was crucial to limiting losses to the British battlecruiser fleet. The vessel was subsequently fitted with paravanes for anti-submarine warfare. After the war, the destroyer was placed in reserve and subsequently sold to be broken up in May 1921.

Contents

Design and development

Nicator was one of sixteen Admiralty M-class destroyers ordered by the British Admiralty in February 1915 as part of the Fourth War Construction Programme during the First World War. [1] The M class was an improved version of the earlier L-class destroyers, required to reach a higher speed in order to counter rumoured German fast destroyers. The remit was to have a maximum speed of 36 knots (67  km/h ; 41  mph ), and although the eventual design did not achieve this, the greater performance of the M class was appreciated by the Royal Navy. It transpired that the German ships did not exist. [2]

The destroyer was 265 feet (80.77 m) long between perpendiculars, with a beam of 26 feet 9 inches (8.15 m) and a draught of 9 feet 3 inches (2.82 m). Displacement was 994 long tons (1,010  t ) normal and 1,025 long tons (1,041 t) full load. [3] Power was provided by three Yarrow boilers feeding Parsons steam turbines rated at 25,000 shaft horsepower (19,000  kW ) and driving three shafts, to give a design speed of 34 knots (63 km/h; 39 mph). [4] Three funnels were fitted. A fuel load of 296 long tons (301 t) of oil was carried, giving a design range of 3,450 nautical miles (6,390 km; 3,970 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph). [5]

Armament consisted of three single QF 4-inch (100 mm) Mk IV guns on the ship's centreline, with one on the forecastle, one aft on a raised platform and one between the middle and aft funnels. [6] Two single QF 2-pounder 40 mm (2 in) "pom-pom" anti-aircraft guns were carried, while torpedo armament consisted of two twin rotating mounts for 21 in (533 mm) torpedoes torpedoes. [3] The ship had a complement of 76 officers and ratings. [5]

Construction and career

Nicator was laid down by William Denny and Brothers of Dumbarton on 21 April 1915 with the yard number 1047. Construction cost £149,730. [3] Launched on 3 February 1916 and completed on 15 April, the ship was the first in the Royal Navy to be named after Seleucus I Nicator, one of the Diadochi of Alexander the Great and the founder of the Seleucid dynasty. [4] [7] [8] The vessel was deployed as part of the Grand Fleet, joining the Thirteenth Destroyer Flotilla. [9] Soon after entering service, the destroyer formed part of the escort to troops sent to Dublin on 25 April to put down the Easter Rising. [10]

Between 31 May and 1 June 1916, Nicator sailed as part of the flotilla, led by the flotilla cruiser Champion, to confront the German High Seas Fleet in the Battle of Jutland. [11] The flotilla was part of the destroyer screen for the British battlecruisers as they confronted their German equivalents. [12] As the two fleets converged, Nicator and sister ship Nestor attacked the German torpedo boats and claimed to sink one. V27, which was stricken by gunfire, is likely to be their victim. [13]

Following the destruction of Queen Mary, the flotilla, reinforced by members of the Ninth Destroyer Flotilla and Moorsom and Morris of the Tenth, sped to attack the German fleet. The destroyers engaged with the German destroyer screen and a fierce battle ensued. [14] Nicator was one of only two from the flotilla, along with Nestor, that managed to break through to reach the German line. They first encountered the battlecruiser Lützow, which turned away to avoid their attack. [15] The destroyer then launched a torpedo at the German battlecruiser Derfflinger, which missed. [16] Another torpedo got stuck in its tube and failed to fire. [17] Although the attack did not record any hits, it did force the German warships to manoeuvre away and so enabled the British battlecruiser fleet, which had already lost two of their number, to escape without further harm. [18]

As Nestor and Nicator turned away from the German battlecruisers, the battleships of the High Seas Fleet appeared on the horizon. Nicator fired one more shell at the retreating German ships and retired. [19] The destroyers then joined with a larger flotilla of twelve destroyers which was stationed to the east of the Grand Fleet. [20] As the battlefleets manoeuvred around each other, Nicator attempted to attack the German battleships with gunfire but without success. [21] As the battle drew to a close, the destroyer avoided a torpedo launched by the submarine U-52, which also escaped, before retiring to Rosyth low on fuel. [22]

During early 1917, Nicator was equipped with anti-submarine paravanes and on 16 and 17 April, the ship was one of six used for patrols of Dogger Bank known as high speed sweeps, although no submarines were found during the operation. [23] The Admiralty identified that the patrols were not as successful at detecting and destroying submarines as they needed and focused instead on the more effective convoy model. [24] The vessel was transferred to Buncrana with the Second Destroyer Flotilla and served there for the last year of the war. [25]

After the armistice, Nicator was transferred to Portsmouth. [26] This was a temporary post and during the following year, the destroyer was moved to the local defence flotilla at Portland. [27] As the Royal Navy returned to a peacetime level of strength, both the number of ships and the amount of personnel needed to be reduced to save money. [28] In addition, the harsh conditions of wartime service, particularly the combination of high speed and the poor weather that is typical of the North Sea, exacerbated by the fact that the hull was not galvanised, meant that the destroyer was in need of repair to remain in service. [29] On 9 May 1921, the destroyer was decommissioned and sold to Thos. W. Ward of Milford Haven to be broken up. [30]

Pennant numbers

Pennant number Date
G55September 1915 [31]
F05January 1917 [32]
HA4January 1918 [31]
G01January 1919 [33]

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References

Citations

  1. ↑ McBride 1991, p. 34.
  2. ↑ Friedman 2009, p. 132.
  3. 1 2 3 Lyon 1975, p. 702.
  4. 1 2 Parkes & Prendergast 1969, p. 109.
  5. 1 2 Friedman 2009, p. 296.
  6. ↑ Preston 1985, p. 79.
  7. ↑ Manning & Walker 1959, p. 315.
  8. ↑ Jurkiewicz 2016, p. 67.
  9. ↑ "Destroyer Flotillas of the Grand Fleet". Supplement to the Monthly Navy List: 12. April 1916. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  10. ↑ Naval Staff Monograph No. 31 1926, p. 128.
  11. ↑ Corbett 1923, p. 455.
  12. ↑ Corbett 1923, p. 337.
  13. ↑ Brooks 2016, p. 211.
  14. ↑ Corbett 1923, pp. 337–338.
  15. ↑ Corbett 1923, p. 339.
  16. ↑ Campbell 1998, p. 56.
  17. ↑ Brooks 2016, p. 212.
  18. ↑ Green 2007, p. 72.
  19. ↑ Corbett 1923, p. 342.
  20. ↑ Corbett 1923, p. 396.
  21. ↑ Corbett 1923, pp. 404–405.
  22. ↑ Brooks 2016, p. 428.
  23. ↑ Naval Staff Monograph No. 34 1933, p. 91.
  24. ↑ Newbolt 1928, p. 383.
  25. ↑ "VII. Coast of Ireland Station", Supplement to the Monthly Navy List, p. 17, January 1918, retrieved 2 June 2021– via National Library of Scotland
  26. ↑ "XI. Vessels at Home Ports Temporarily", Supplement to the Monthly Navy List, pp. 19–20, January 1919, retrieved 2 June 2021– via National Library of Scotland
  27. ↑ "III. Local Defence and Training Establishments", The Navy List, pp. 704–705, October 1919, retrieved 2 June 2021– via National Library of Scotland
  28. ↑ Moretz 2002, p. 79.
  29. ↑ Preston 1985, p. 80.
  30. ↑ Colledge & Warlow 2006, p. 244.
  31. 1 2 Dittmar & Colledge 1972, p. 66.
  32. ↑ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 45.
  33. ↑ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 61.

Bibliography

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