R-class destroyer (1916)

Last updated

HMS Skate.jpg
HMS Skate in 1942
Class overview
NameR class
Operators
Preceded by Admiralty M class
Succeeded by
Built1916–1917
In commission1916–1957
Completed62
Lost8
Preserved1 (HMS Radiant, transferred to Royal Siamese Navy in 1920 and renamed Phra Ruang, survives as hulk
General characteristics
Type Destroyer
Displacement
Length276 ft (84.1 m)
Beam26 ft 9 in (8.15 m)
Draught9 ft 10 in (3.00 m)
Propulsion
Speed36 knots (41.4 mph; 66.7 km/h)
Range3,440  nmi (6,370 km) at 15 kn (28 km/h)
Complement82
Armament

The first R class were a class of 62 destroyers built between 1916 and 1917 for the Royal Navy. They were an improvement, specifically in the area of fuel economy, of the earlier Admiralty M-class destroyers. The most important difference was that the Admiralty R class had two shafts and geared turbines, compared with the three shafts and direct turbines of the Admiralty M class, but in appearance the R class could be distinguished from its predecessors by having the after 4-inch gun mounted in a bandstand. The Admiralty ordered the first two of this class of ships in May 1915. Another seventeen were ordered in July 1915, a further eight in December 1915, and a final twenty-three in March 1916 (of which eleven were to a slightly modified design).

Contents

As well as these fifty ships to the standard 'Admiralty' design, twelve more R class were designed and built by the two specialist builders Yarrow Shipbuilders and John I. Thornycroft & Company to their own separate designs. Three were ordered from Thornycroft and four from Yarrow in July 1915, and two from Thornycroft and three from Yarrow in December 1915.

They were the last three-funnelled destroyers ordered by the Royal Navy (although HMS Bristol commissioned in 1973 had three funnels, these were not all on the centreline). All of these ships saw extensive service in World War I. Some saw service as minelayers. Eight R-class ships were sunk during the war and all but two of the surviving ships were scrapped in the 1920s and 1930s. One Admiralty R-class vessel, HMS Skate, survived to see service in World War II as a convoy escort, making her the oldest destroyer to see wartime service with the Royal Navy. A second, HMS Radiant was transferred to the Royal Siamese Navy as Phra Ruang in September 1920.

Ships in class

The ships of this class were ordered under the 5th through 8th War Emergency Programmes through which the government funded the United Kingdom's increased ship production during World War I. The first two prototypes of this class were ordered in May 1915 as part of the 5th War Programme and larger numbers followed, as summarized in the following table:

War Programme OrderedAdmiralty RAdmiralty Modified RThornycroft RYarrow R
5May 19152---
6July 191517-34
7December 19158-2-
8March 19161211-3

Admiralty R-class destroyers

NamePennantBuilderLaid downLaunchedCommissionedDisposedStatusRef
5th War Programme order in May 1915 (2 ships)
Radstock D94, H64, G76, G79, G81 Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson 6 September 19158 June 191620 September 191629 April 1927Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Raider D95, G41, G81, G82, G86 Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson October 191517 July 1916October 191629 April 1927Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
6th War Programme order in July 1915 (17 ships)
HMS Romola 1916.jpg
Romola G15, G18, G53, G83 John Brown & Company, Clydebank 25 August 191514 May 191617 August 191613 March 1930Scrapped[ citation needed ]
Rowena D84, F45, H85, G81, G90 John Brown & Company, Clydebank 25 August 19151 July 191629 September 191627 January 1937Scrapped[ citation needed ]
Restless G85, G88 John Brown & Company, Clydebank 22 September 191512 August 191621 October 191623 November 1936Scrapped[ citation needed ]
Rigorous G86, G90 John Brown & Company, Clydebank 22 September 191530 September 191630 November 19165 November 1926Scrapped[ citation needed ]
Rocket G43, G82, G88, H76 William Denny and Brothers, Dumbarton28 September 19152 July 19167 October 191616 December 1926Scrapped[ citation needed ]
Rob Roy William Denny and Brothers, Dumbarton15 October 191529 August 191615 December 191613 July 1926Scrapped[ citation needed ]
Redgauntlet F51, F58, F97, FA4 William Denny and Brothers, Dumbarton28 September 191523 November 19167 February 1917July 1927Scrapped[ citation needed ]
Redoubt F56, F57 William Doxford & Sons, Sunderland28 October 191613 July 1926Scrapped[ citation needed ]
Recruit William Doxford & Sons, Sunderland9 December 1916April 19179 August 1917Sunk by submarine [1]
Sable G44, G91, H93 J. Samuel White, Cowes26 June 191630 November 1916August 1927Scrapped[ citation needed ]
Setter F55, G98 J. Samuel White, Cowes18 August 191612 February 191717 May 1917Sunk after collision[ citation needed ]
Salmon (renamed Sable)F18, G93, G94, H36, H58 Harland and Wolff, Govan27 August 19157 October 191620 December 191628 January 1937Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Sylph D93, F54, F68, G69, H0A Harland and Wolff, Govan30 August 191615 November 191610 February 191716 December 1926Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Sarpedon F15, G14, G19, G21, G82 R. & W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Company, Hebburn on Tyne27 September 19151 June 19162 September 191623 July 1926Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Sorceress G68, G93, G94, H66 Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson, Wallsend-on-Tyne13 November 191529 August 19164 December 191629 April 1927Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Sturgeon F47, F49, G17 Alexander Stephen and Sons, Linthouse, Govan10 November 191511 January 191726 February 191716 December 1926Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Sceptre F60, F79 Alexander Stephen and Sons, Linthouse, Govan10 November 191518 April 191726 May 19171926Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
7th War Programme order in December 1915 (8 ships)
HMS Satyr 1916.jpg
Satyr F51, F59, G52, H78 William Beardmore and Company, DalmuirApril 191627 December 19162 February 191716 December 1926Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Sharpshooter F48, F61 William Beardmore and Company, DalmuirMay 191627 February 19172 April 191729 April 1927Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Simoom John Brown & Company, Clydebank 23 May 191630 October 191622 December 191623 January 1917Sunk by torpedo boat[ citation needed ]
Skate John Brown & Company, Clydebank 12 January 191611 January 191719 February 19171947Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Skilful Harland and Wolff, Govan3 February 191713 July 1926Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Springbok Harland and Wolff, Govan27 January 19169 March 191730 April 191716 December 1926Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Starfish F60, F64, G50, H70 R. & W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Company, Hebburn on Tyne27 September 191621 April 1928Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Stork F65, F66, G60, H90 R. & W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Company, Hebburn on Tyne10 April 191625 November 19161 February 19177 October 1927Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
8th War Programme order in March 1916 (12 ships)
Tancred F12, F85, G07, G08, G79, H67 William Beardmore and Company, Dalmuir5 November 191630 June 19171 September 191717 May 1928Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Tarpon F22, F65, F72, F79, H97 John Brown & Company, Clydebank 12 April 191610 March 1917April 19174 August 1927Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Telemachus F23, F66, F81, F86, H98 John Brown & Company, Clydebank 12 April 191621 April 1917June 1917July 1927Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Tempest Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company 26 January 1917April 1917January 1937Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Tenacious F96, G02, G61, H1A Harland and Wolff, Govan; J. Samuel White, Cowes25 July 191621 March 191712 August 191726 June 1928Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Tetrarch F74, F87, G54, H59 Harland and Wolff, Govan; J. Samuel White, Cowes26 July 191620 April 19172 June 191728 July 1934Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Thisbe F75, F82, G80, H72 R. & W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Company, Hebburn on TyneJune 19168 March 19176 June 191731 August 1936Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Thruster F74, F76, G81, H73 R. & W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Company, Hebburn on Tyne2 June 191610 January 191730 March 191716 March 1937Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Tormentor Alexander Stephen and Sons, Linthouse, Govan22 May 191719 November 1929Sold for scrap; sunk in transit[ citation needed ]
Tornado Alexander Stephen and Sons, Linthouse, Govan4 August 1917November 191723 December 1917Sunk by mines[ citation needed ]
Torrent Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson, Wallsend-on-Tyne26 November 1916February 191723 December 1917Sunk by mines[ citation needed ]
Torrid Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson, Wallsend-on-Tyne19 July 191610 February 19175 May 191727 January 1937Sunk by mines[ citation needed ]

Admiralty Modified R-class destroyers

The remaining eleven ships ordered in March 1916 were of the Admiralty Modified R class with a slightly increased breadth of 27 ft, a draught of 11 ft, and a tonnage of 1,085. These ships had two funnels.

NamePennantBuilderLaid downLaunchedCommissionedDisposedStatusRef
8th War Programme order in March 1916 (11 ships)
HMS Undine 1917.jpg
Trenchant G78, G96 J. Samuel White, Cowes23 December 191630 April 191715 November 1928Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Tristram F11, F25, F89 J. Samuel White, Cowes23 September 191624 February 191730 June 19179 May 1921Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Tirade F07, F81, G80, HA7 Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, Greenock 1 May 191621 April 191730 June 191715 November 1921Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Tower Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson, Wallsend-on-TyneSeptember 19165 April 191717 May 1928Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Ulster F01, F17, F91, H09 William Beardmore and Company, Dalmuir10 October 191721 November 191721 April 1928Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Ulysses William Doxford & Sons, Sunderland24 March 191729 October 1918Sunk following collision[ citation needed ]
Umpire F02, F26, F94, H10 William Doxford & Sons, Sunderland9 June 1917August 19177 January 1930Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Undine F03, G79, G97, H61 Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company 23 September 191622 March 191726 May 191728 September 1927Sold for scrap; sunk in transit[ citation needed ]
Urchin F04, F99, H62 Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company 7 June 1917August 19177 January 1930Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Ursa F05, F10, H63 Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company 23 July 191716 October 191713 July 1926Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Ursula F01, F84, F88, H11 Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, Greenock 22 September 191621 April 191726 September 191719 November 1929Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]

Thornycroft R-class ships

NamePennantBuilderLaid downLaunchedCommissionedDisposedStatusRef
6th War Programme order in July 1915 (3 ships)
Rosalind D87, G64, G89, G95 John I. Thornycroft & Company, WoolstonOctober 191514 October 1916December 191613 July 1926Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Radiant John I. Thornycroft & Company, Woolston25 November 1916February 191721 June 1920Sold to Thailand as Phra Ruang[ citation needed ]
Retriever John I. Thornycroft & Company, Woolston15 January 191726 July 1927Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
7th War Programme order in December 1915 (2 ships)
Taurus D82, F39, F70, F71, H30 John I. Thornycroft & Company, WoolstonMarch 191610 March 1917May 191718 February 1930Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Teazer D83, F40, F71, F93, H17 John I. Thornycroft & Company, WoolstonMarch 191621 April 1917July 19176 February 1931Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]

Only a single R-class destroyer was passed on from the Royal Navy for service in another service:

NameFormer nameOperatorService entryService exitStatusRef
Phra Ruangex-Radiant Royal Thai Navy September 19201957Stricken[ citation needed ]

Yarrow R-class ships

These seven ships built by Yarrow Shipbuilders were sometimes classified as the Yarrow Later M-class destroyer. These ships had two funnels.

NamePennantBuilderLaid downLaunchedCommissionedDisposedStatusRef
6th War Programme order in July 1915 (4 ships)
Sabrina Yarrow Shipbuilders August 191524 July 1916September 19165 November 1926Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Strongbow Yarrow Shipbuilders 30 September 1916November 191617 October 1917Sunk by cruisers[ citation needed ]
Surprise Yarrow Shipbuilders 25 November 1916February 191723 December 1917Sunk by mines[ citation needed ]
Sybille Yarrow Shipbuilders August 19155 February 1917February 19175 November 1926Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
8th War Programme order in March 1916 (3 ships)
Truculent Yarrow Shipbuilders March 191624 March 1917May 191729 April 1927Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Tyrant Yarrow Shipbuilders March 191619 May 1917July 1917April 1938Sold for scrap[ citation needed ]
Ulleswater Yarrow Shipbuilders 19164 August 191715 August 1918Sunk by submarine[ citation needed ]

See also

Related Research Articles

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HMS <i>Skate</i> (1917) Destroyer of the Royal Navy

HMS Skate was an R-class destroyer of the Royal Navy that was laid down and completed during the First World War. She was built at John Brown Shipyard at Clydebank in Scotland and launched on 11 January 1917.

HMS <i>Tartar</i> (1907) Destroyer of the Royal Navy

HMS Tartar was a Tribal-class destroyer of the Royal Navy launched in 1907 and sold in 1921. During the First World War, she served in the North Sea and the English Channel with the 6th Destroyer Flotilla.

HMS <i>Patrician</i> (1916) Thornycroft M-class destroyer

HMS Patrician was a Thornycroft M-class destroyer that served in the British Royal Navy during World War I. The destroyer entered service in 1916 and served with the Grand Fleet. Following the war, the destroyer was deemed surplus and she was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy in 1920 and served there until 1928. She was sold for scrap in 1929.

<i>Cricket</i>-class destroyer

The Cricket class and following classes of coastal destroyers were a series of small torpedo boat destroyers (TBDs) intended to complement the Royal Navy's Tribal-class destroyers. The thirty-six vessels which broadly comprised this group actually consisted of several distinct classes, as each contractor built to their own designs, and even single contractor's designs evolved from year to year.

HMS <i>Strongbow</i> (1916) Destroyer of the Royal Navy

HMS Strongbow was an M-class destroyer built for the British Royal Navy during the First World War. The ship was launched in September 1916 and entered service in November that year. Stongbow was sunk on 17 October 1917 by the German light cruisers SMS Bremse and Brummer in the North Sea, when escorting a convoy of merchant ships from Norway.

HMS <i>Surprise</i> (1916) Destroyer of the Royal Navy

HMS Surprise was a Royal Navy R-class destroyer constructed and then operational in the First World War. She was sunk, with most of her crew in 1917. On 23 December 1917 HMS Surprise, Torrent, and Tornado sank after entering an Imperial German minefield.

HMS <i>Rosalind</i> (1916) Destroyer of the Royal Navy

HMS Rosalind was an R-class destroyer which served with the Royal Navy. The ship was launched by Thornycroft on 14 October 1916 as the first of five similar ships ordered from the yard. The design was used as the basis for five subsequent ships of the S-class also built by the company. Rosalind served as part of the Grand Fleet during the First World War, operating as an escort to other warships and in anti-submarine patrols alongside other destroyers. The vessel was sold to be broken up on 13 July 1926.

HMS <i>Taurus</i> (1917) Destroyer of the Royal Navy

HMS Taurus was an R-class destroyer which served with the Royal Navy during World War I. Ordered from Thornycroft in 1915 and launched in 1917, the vessel operated as part of the Harwich Force until the end of hostilities. Shortly after entering service, Taurus formed part of the destroyer shield for the Royal Navy's bombardment of Ostend that successfully sank the German destroyer S20. After the War, the destroyer was reduced to the Reserve Fleet and sold to be broken up in 1930.

HMS <i>Rob Roy</i> (1916) Destroyer of the Royal Navy

HMS Rob Roy was a Royal Navy R-class destroyer constructed and then operational in the First World War. The ship served in the Grand Fleet as part of the Fifteenth Destroyer Flotilla.

HMS <i>Retriever</i> (1917) British R-class destroyer

HMS Retriever was a Thornycroft-built R-class destroyer which served with the Royal Navy during the First World War. Launched in 1917, the vessel formed part of the Harwich Force and took part in operations off the coast of Ostend in support of the bombardment of the town in June that year. During August the following year, the vessel attempted to deploy a seaplane from a towed lighter, but a lack of wind meant the operation was unsuccessful. The vessel was also jointly credited with the destruction of the submarine SM UB-54 that year, although this has been disputed. After the war, the ship was placed in reserve and was sold to be broken up in 1927.

HMS TB 11 was a Cricket-class coastal destroyer or torpedo-boat of the British Royal Navy. TB 11 was built by the shipbuilder Yarrow from 1905 to 1907. She was used for local patrol duties in the First World War and was sunk by a German mine in the North Sea on 7 March 1916.

HMS TB 9 was a Cricket-class coastal destroyer or torpedo-boat of the British Royal Navy. TB 9 was built by the shipbuilder Thornycroft from 1905 to 1907. She was used for local patrol duties in the First World War and was sunk following a collision in the North Sea on 26 July 1916.

HMS <i>Tirade</i> Destroyer of the Royal Navy

HMS Tirade was a Modified Admiralty R-class destroyer which served with the Royal Navy during World War I. The Modified R class added attributes of the Yarrow Later M class to improve the capability of the ships to operate in bad weather. Launched in April 1917 by Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, the vessel served with the Grand Fleet. The vessel was involved in escorting convoys in the Irish Sea and North Sea. During one of these duties, in September 1917, Tirade sank the minelaying submarine UC-55. During the following month, the destroyer accidentally struck and sank the M-class destroyer Marmion. After the war the destroyer was placed in reserve and then, in November 1921, was sold to be broken up.

HMS <i>Rapid</i> (1916) Destroyer of the Royal Navy

HMS Rapid was a destroyer of the M class that served with the Royal Navy during First World War. Launched by Thornycroft in 1916, the vessel was the one of two similar ships ordered as part of the Fifth War Construction Programme. They differed from the remainder of the M class in having more powerful engines. The design was used as the basis for the subsequent five ships of the R-class also built by the yard. Rapid served in escort and patrol roles, principally providing defence from submarines as part of the Grand Fleet until it was disbanded at the end of the War. After the end of hostilities, the vessel served in minor roles, including briefly as part of the Admiralty Compass Department in 1921 and 1924, but was sold to be scrapped in 1927.

HMS <i>Ready</i> (1916) British naval vessel

HMS Ready was a destroyer of the M class that served with the Royal Navy during First World War. Launched by Thornycroft in 1916, the vessel was the one of two similar ships ordered as part of the Fifth War Construction Programme. They differed from the remainder of the M class in having more powerful engines. The design was used as the basis for the subsequent five ships of the R-class also built by the yard. Ready operated within the Grand Fleet until it was disbanded at the end of the war. The vessel was credited with helping to sink a German Q-ship in 1917. After the war, the destroyer was initially transferred to HMNB Portsmouth, but was retired and sold to be broken up in 1926 after almost a decade of service as part of a preparation for a fleet of new destroyers.

References

  1. Kemp, Paul (1999). The Admiralty Regrets: British Warship Losses of the 20th Century. Sutton Publishing Ltd. p. 55. ISBN   0-7509-1567-6. OCLC   46471901.

Bibliography