Holospira

Last updated

Holospira
Holospira elizabethae shell.jpg
Shell of Holospira elizabethae
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Stylommatophora
Family: Urocoptidae
Genus: Holospira
von Martens, 1860 [1]
Species

See text

Holospira is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Urocoptidae.

Contents

Drawing of the cross section of the shell of Holospira elizabethae showing that the internal columella is hollow, which is typical feature of the genus. Holospira elizabethae columella.jpg
Drawing of the cross section of the shell of Holospira elizabethae showing that the internal columella is hollow, which is typical feature of the genus.

Holospira is the type genus of the subfamily 'Holospirinae Pilsbry, 1946'.

Etymology

Holos (ὅλος) from Ancient Greek means "‘whole’" or "‘entire’" and spira (spīra) from Latin means spire.

Shell description

The shell is small, cylindric, terminating above in a conic spire, retaining all the whorls, rimate or perforate. The shell has 11-21 whorls, which are closely coiled. The first 1½ of whorls are smooth. The rest of whorls are smooth, striate or ribbed. The suture is superficial. Body whorl is more or less built forward. [2]

The aperture is small, obliquely pear-shaped, rounded or oval. The peristome is expanded or reflected, continuous and usually free throughout. [2]

The columella (internal column) is hollow, variously sculptured or smooth. [2]

Anatomy

Drawing of Holospira elizabethae. Holospira elizabethae 2.jpg
Drawing of Holospira elizabethae .

The foot is small, narrow for its length. [2]

The lung is long and narrow. Kidney is very narrowly triangular, being wider at the base, tapering anteriorly, slightly longer than the pericardium. There is apparently no secondary ureter. [2]

The buccal mass is small, about twice as long as wide, the oesophagus opening well forward. Salivary glands are not united, and in Holospira goldfussi they have long ducts. [2]

The jaw is thin, arcuate, with a wide median projection below or none. [2] The radula is about four times as long as wide, with from 19.1.19 teeth (in Holospira pilsbryi ) to 27.1.27 (in Holopsira nelsoni ). [2]

The genital system is like this: there is an atrium of moderate length, the penis is short, with a very long vas deferens, the retractor muscle (p. r.) being inserted at or just beyond the slightly swollen penis, and proximally attached to the floor of the lung, as usual. [2]

The free retractor muscles, attached proximally to the axis at about the junction of the cone with the cylindrical portion of the shell, are excessively long. [2]

Distribution

The geographic range of this genus extends from southern Mexico to Texas, Arizona and New Mexico. These snails are not found in Lower California nor Guatemala on the southeast. [2]

Habitat

They are confined chiefly to the elevated plateau, where they live under cacti, etc., in sunny places. [2]

These snails can tolerate great heat. [2]

Henry Augustus Pilsbry (1903) states, that living specimens of Holospira strobeliana and Holospira nelsoni survived immersion in boiling water for some minutes. Unlike other snails, they did not retract in the water. [2]

Species

Species in the genus Holospira include: [3] [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Henry Augustus Pilsbry</span> American biologist, malacologist and carcinologist

Henry Augustus Pilsbry was an American biologist, malacologist and carcinologist, among other areas of study. He was a dominant presence in many fields of invertebrate taxonomy for the better part of a century. For much of his career, his authority with respect to the classification of certain substantial groups of organisms was unchallenged: barnacles, chitons, North American terrestrial mollusks, and others.

<i>Vertigo</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Vertigo is a genus of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails.

<i>Pupilla</i> Genus of gastropods

Pupilla is a genus of minute air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Pupillinae of the family Pupillidae.

<i>Ashmunella</i> Genus of gastropods

Ashmunella is a genus of small, air-breathing, land snails in the family Polygyridae.

<i>Cerion</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Cerion is a genus of small to medium-sized tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropods in the family Cerionidae, sometimes known as the peanut snails. The genus is endemic to the Caribbean region.

<i>Streptostyla</i> Genus of gastropods

Streptostyla is a genus of predatory, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Streptostylinae of the family Spiraxidae.

<i>Euglandina</i> Genus of gastropods

Euglandina is a genus of predatory medium- to large-sized, air-breathing, land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Spiraxidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Urocoptidae</span> Family of gastropods

Urocoptidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Urocoptoidea.

<i>Pyramidula</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Pyramidula is a genus of very small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Pyramidulidae.

<i>Holospira elizabethae</i> Species of gastropod

Holospira elizabethae is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Urocoptidae.

Holospira mesolia, common name widemouth holospira, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Urocoptidae.

Guillarmodia is a genus of predatory air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Spiraxidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Urocoptoidea</span> Superfamily of gastropods

Urocoptoidea is a superfamily of land snails, gastropods in the suborder Helicina.

Opisthosiphon is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Annulariidae.

Epirobiidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Urocoptoidea.

<i>Rabdotus</i> Genus of gastropods

Rabdotus is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Bulimulinae of the family Bulimulidae.

Holospiridae is a family of gastropods belonging to the superfamily Urocoptoidea of the order Stylommatophora. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Random Genera:

References

This article incorporates public domain text from reference. [2]

  1. ↑ von Martens E. (1860). In: Albers, Helic., ed. 2: 39.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Pilsbry H. A. 1903. Manual of Conchology. Second series: Pulmonata. Volume 15 Urocoptidae. page 66-67.
  3. ↑ Holospira. ITIS. accessed 19 June 2009.
  4. ↑ Holospira. Discover Life, accessed 26 June 2009
  5. ↑ Gilbertson L. H. & Worthington R. D. 2003. A new species of Holospira (Pulmonata: Urocoptidae) from New Mexico. The Veliger, 46(3): 220-224.
  6. ↑ Gilbertson L. H. & Naranjo-García E. (2010). "A new species of Holospira (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Urocoptidae) from Coahuila, Mexico". Nautilus 124: 181-184.
  7. ↑ Kathryn E. Perez. (last edited September 12, 2006) Land Snail List for Texas Archived 2009-04-30 at the Wayback Machine . accessed 25 June 2009.
  8. 1 2 Joseph H. Hartman. 1981. Early Tertiary nonmarine Mollusca of New Mexico: A review. GSA Bulletin, Geological Society of America, December 1981, 92(12): 942-950. doi : 10.1130/0016-7606.

Further reading

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.