Hurricane Ignacio (2003)

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Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

A tropical wave exited the coast of Africa on August 6. It moved westward across the Atlantic Ocean without development, and entered the eastern Pacific Ocean on August 16 after crossing Central America. Cloudiness and convection gradually increased along the wave axis and organized into a distinct area of disturbed weather on August 20 while located a short distance south of Manzanillo, Mexico. [1] It slowly became better organized as it moved northwestward in an area favorable for continued development. [2] With light vertical wind shear and warm water temperatures, the convection concentrated around a developing low-level circulation, [3] and on August 22 it organized enough for the National Hurricane Center to classify it as Tropical Depression Nine-E while it was located about 115 miles (185 km) west of the Mexico mainland or about 220 miles (350 km) southeast of the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula. [1] With an anticyclone located over the southwestern United States and a ridge extending southward into northwestern Mexico, the National Hurricane Center initially predicted the depression to track generally west-northwestward out to sea and reach peak winds of 50 mph (80 km/h). [3]

The tropical depression moved slowly northwestward, with the slow motion persisting for its entire lifetime due to the storm being embedded within the weakness of a mid-level ridge to its north. [1] Shortly after forming, the storm was located in a marginally favorable environment, with westerly wind shear and dry air approaching the depression [4] and leaving the center of circulation exposed from the convection. However, the wind shear subsequently decreased, [5] and early on August 23 the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Ignacio. [1] The storm quickly organized and developed well-defined banding features and very well-organized upper-level outflow, and by late on August 23 a warm spot formed in the center of the convection. [6] The warm spot organized into an intermittent eye feature. [7] Early on August 24, Ignacio attained hurricane status, [1] the latest formation of the first hurricane of a season recorded in the East Pacific since reliable satellite observation began in 1966. [8]

Hurricane Ignacio near Baja California Peninsula on August 24 Hurr Ignacio (2003).jpg
Hurricane Ignacio near Baja California Peninsula on August 24

Hurricane Ignacio continued to quickly intensify after becoming a hurricane, and reached peak winds of 105 mph (169 km/h) later on August 24 while located within 30 miles (48 km)/h) off the coast of Baja California Sur. [1] Upon reaching peak strength, the hurricane possessed a 12 miles (19 km) wide eye surrounded by very deep convection. The National Hurricane Center predicted it to attain major hurricane status and potentially reach significantly higher winds if the center remained over open water. [9] However, it turned to the northwest and paralleled the Baja California Peninsula a short distance offshore, resulting in a steady weakening trend due to its interaction with the high terrain. On August 25 Ignacio made landfall just east of La Paz with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h). It rapidly weakened over land, first deteriorating to a tropical storm 12 hours after landfall and later to a tropical depression about a day after moving ashore. Ignacio continued northwestward across the peninsula, and dissipated on August 28 while located in northwestern Baja California Sur. [1]

Preparations

Hurricane Ignacio making landfall in Baja California Peninsula on August 25 Hurricane Ignacio 25 aug 2003 1830Z.jpg
Hurricane Ignacio making landfall in Baja California Peninsula on August 25

Coinciding with the issuance of the first advisory on Ignacio, the government of Mexico issued a tropical storm watch from Santa Fe to La Paz, with the watch upgraded to a warning nine hours later. The warning was extended on both coasts from Bahia Magdalena to San Evaristo the next day. About 48 hours before Ignacio made landfall, a hurricane warning was issued from Santa Fe to La Paz, and 21 hours later extended to Bahia Magdalena and San Evaristo. The government of Mexico also issued a tropical storm warning for the mainland from Atlata to Topolobampo in the state of Sinaloa. [1]

The Civil Protection agency for the state of Baja California Sur ordered for the evacuation for 10,000 residents in flood-prone areas near La Paz. Officials also moved 700 people in areas near rivers to shelters in Los Cabos. [10] 32 emergency shelters were set up in and around La Paz. [11] Residents near the coast placed sandbags to protect their houses from potential flooding, [10] and also stocked up on hurricane supplies. Police authorities were stationed in areas around Los Cabos to guard against price gouging. [12] Officials closed many schools and businesses throughout the area, [11] and also shut down the area's primary airport in La Paz. [12] About 500 people in Sinaloa were evacuated, as well. [13]

Impact

Prior to developing, the precursor tropical disturbance dropped heavy rainfall and produced gusty winds, primarily from Zihuatanejo in the state of Guerrero to Manzanillo in the state of Colima. [2] The slow motion of Ignacio produced heavy rainfall across the southern portion of the Baja California Peninsula, including a peak 24‑hour total of 7.25 inches (184 mm) in Ciudad Constitución. [14] The National Hurricane Center warned of rainfall totals of up to 20 inches (510 mm) in some localized areas, which did verify in Los Cabos. [15] [16] Ignacio produced strong waves which hit the eastern Baja California coastline. Swells of 10 feet (3.0 m) in height in La Paz closed the city's small port. [10]

Rainfall from Hurricane Ignacio across Mexico. Ignacio 2003 rainfall.gif
Rainfall from Hurricane Ignacio across Mexico.

Hurricane-force winds blew down trees, signs, and power lines in and around La Paz, [1] while closer to the beach the hurricane destroyed multiple beach huts. [17] Rough surf in the harbor of La Paz sunk one fishing vessel and grounded four others. Efforts by the Mexican Navy prevented an additional vessel and two cruise ships from being grounded. [18] In Cabo San Lucas, effects were minimal, amounting to light winds and rain of less than 2 inches (51 mm). [19] The passage of the hurricane left citizens in Todos Santos without power for around 24 hours. [20] Heavy rainfall caused severe inland flooding, [1] destroying bridges [21] and multiple mudslides, some of which blocked roads. [11] Flash flooding in desert inland areas washed out roads, causing the Mexican government to restrict traffic through much of the peninsula for up to a week after the storm. Many roads remained impassable for a month after the hurricane. [22] The closed roads and the airport in La Paz and southern Baja California left some tourists stranded. The rainfall was welcome in some desert areas, where the moderate precipitation filled reservoirs. [23] Two rescue workers died when they were swept away by the floodwaters. [1] Six municipalities in Baja California were declared disaster areas, [24] and by four days after landfall, the Mexican government prepared emergency funds to meet the immediate needs of the affected citizens. [25] Due to the storm's slow movement, rainfall was high and the resulting flooding was severe, [1] and Ignacio was responsible for approximately US$21.2 million of damage. [26] Two rescue workers drowned in the flood waters brought by the storm and some 10,000 people were evacuated to shelters. [27] Statewide, four people were killed, 1,198 homes were damaged, 4,146 ha (10,240 acres) of crops were destroyed, and one school was also destroyed. [28]

Heavy rainfall was also reported in Sinaloa on the Mexican mainland. [13] The remnants of Ignacio produced thunderstorm activity in high terrain areas of central interior California. Over 300 lightning strikes from the remnant moisture was recorded in a one-hour period. The lightning caused 14 forest fires in Merced County, resulting in a loss of power to over 3,500 customers in and around the Atwater area. [29]

Just a month after Ignacio, Hurricane Marty passed through the area, causing additional damage to areas hit by Ignacio. The combined damage from the two hurricanes totaled about $1 billion (2003 USD, $1.1 billion 2006 USD), and the effects from the two storms left at least 50,000 homeless. [21]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ All currencies are converted from Mexican pesos to United States Dollars using this with an exchange rate of the year 2003.
  2. ↑ All damage totals are in 2003 values of their respective currencies.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2003 Pacific hurricane season</span>

The 2003 Pacific hurricane season was the first season to feature no major hurricanes since 1977. The season officially began on May 15, 2003 in the Eastern North Pacific, and on June 1 in the Central ; both ended on November 30. These dates, adopted by convention, historically describe the period in each year when most tropical cyclogenesis occurs in these regions of the Pacific. The season featured 16 tropical storms, 7 of which intensified into hurricanes, which was then considered an average season. Damage across the basin reached US$129 million, and 23 people were killed by the storms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1998 Pacific hurricane season</span>

The 1998 Pacific hurricane season was a fairly average Pacific hurricane season. Despite this, it had nine hurricanes and six major hurricanes, which was well above average. The season officially started on May 15 in the eastern Pacific and on June 1 in the central Pacific, and ended on November 30; these dates conventionally delimit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in that region. The first tropical cyclone developed on June 11, about ten days later than the normal start of the season. The final storm of the year, Hurricane Madeline, dissipated on October 20. Storm activity in the Central Pacific Hurricane Center's warning zone was low, with just one tropical depression observed in the region. Two tropical cyclones from the eastern Pacific also entered the central Pacific; the former did so as a hurricane.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1995 Pacific hurricane season</span>

The 1995 Pacific hurricane season was the least active Pacific hurricane season since 1979, and marked the beginning of a multi-decade period of low activity in the basin. Of the eleven tropical cyclones that formed during the season, four affected land, with the most notable storm of the season being Hurricane Ismael, which killed at least 116 people in Mexico. The strongest hurricane in the season was Hurricane Juliette, which reached peak winds of 150 mph (240 km/h), but did not significantly affect land. Hurricane Adolph was an early-season Category 4 hurricane. Hurricane Henriette brushed the Baja California Peninsula in early September.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Marty (2003)</span> Category 2 Pacific hurricane in 2003

Hurricane Marty was a Category 2 Pacific hurricane that caused extensive flooding and damage in northwestern Mexico just weeks after Hurricane Ignacio took a similar course. Marty was the thirteenth named storm, fourth hurricane, and the deadliest tropical cyclone of the 2003 Pacific hurricane season. Forming on September 18, it became the 13th tropical storm and fourth hurricane of the year. The storm moved generally northwestward and steadily intensified despite only a marginally favorable environment for development, and became a Category 2 hurricane before making two landfalls on the Baja California peninsula and mainland Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane John (2006)</span> Category 4 Pacific hurricane

Hurricane John was a Category 4 hurricane that caused heavy flooding and extensive damage across most of the Pacific coast of Mexico in late August through early September 2006. John was the eleventh named storm, seventh hurricane, and fifth major hurricane of the 2006 Pacific hurricane season. Hurricane John developed on August 28 from a tropical wave to the south of Mexico. Favorable conditions allowed the storm to intensify quickly, and it attained peak winds of 130 mph (210 km/h) on August 30. Eyewall replacement cycles and land interaction with western Mexico weakened the hurricane, and John made landfall on southeastern Baja California Sur with winds of 110 mph (180 km/h) on September 1. It slowly weakened as it moved northwestward through the Baja California peninsula, and dissipated on September 4. Moisture from the remnants of the storm entered the southwest United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Paul (2006)</span> Category 2 Pacific hurricane in 2006

Hurricane Paul was a Category 2 Pacific hurricane that struck Mexico as a tropical depression in October 2006. The seventeenth named storm and tenth hurricane of the annual hurricane season, Paul developed from an area of disturbed weather on October 21. The cyclone slowly intensified as it moved into an area of warm waters and progressively decreasing wind shear. Paul attained hurricane status on October 23, and later that day the storm reached its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 105 mph (169 km/h), a strong Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale. A strong trough turned the hurricane to the north and northeast into an area of strong vertical shear, and Paul weakened to a tropical storm on October 24. It accelerated northeastward, and after passing a short distance south of Baja California Sur the low level circulation became decoupled from the rest of the convection. Paul weakened to a tropical depression on October 25 a short distance off the coast of Mexico, and after briefly turning away from the coast it made landfall on northwestern Sinaloa on October 26. The depression dissipated shortly thereafter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Isis (1998)</span> Category 1 Pacific hurricane in 1998

Hurricane Isis was the only hurricane to make landfall during the 1998 Pacific hurricane season. The ninth tropical storm and sixth hurricane of the season, Isis developed on September 1 from an interaction between a tropical wave and a large surface circulation to the southwest of Mexico. It moved northward, striking the extreme southeastern portion of the Baja California peninsula before attaining hurricane status in the Gulf of California. Isis made landfall at Topolobampo in the Mexican state of Sinaloa on September 3, and quickly lost its low-level circulation. The remnants persisted for several days before dissipating over the U.S. state of Idaho on September 8.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Lester (1992)</span> Category 1 Pacific hurricane in 1992

Hurricane Lester was the first Pacific tropical cyclone to enter the United States as a tropical storm since 1967. The fourteenth named storm and eighth hurricane of the 1992 Pacific hurricane season, Lester formed on August 20 from a tropical wave southwest of Mexico. The tropical storm moved generally northwestward while steadily intensifying. After turning to the north, approaching the Mexican coast, Lester attained hurricane status. The hurricane reached peak winds of 85 mph (137 km/h) before making landfall on west-central Baja California. The system weakened while moving across the peninsula and then over northwestern Mexico. Not long after entering Arizona, Lester weakened to a tropical depression, and degenerated into an extratropical low on August 24, 1992, over New Mexico. The storm's remnants later merged with the remnants of Hurricane Andrew and another frontal system on August 29.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Henriette (2007)</span> Category 1 Pacific hurricane in 2007

Hurricane Henriette was a minimal Category 1 hurricane that affected portions of Mexico in late August and early September 2007. The storm, which caused nine fatalities, formed from an area of disturbed weather on August 30, 2007, and became a tropical storm the next day. The cyclone moved parallel to the Mexican Pacific coast, but its proximity to the shore resulted in heavy rainfall over land. The most affected city was Acapulco, Guerrero, where six people were killed by landslides, and where over 100 families had to be evacuated after the La Sabana River flooded. Henriette then turned north and headed towards the Baja California peninsula, and became a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Henriette made its first landfall east of Cabo San Lucas at peak intensity, causing the death of one woman due to high surf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Julio (2008)</span> Pacific tropical storm in 2008

Tropical Storm Julio was a tropical storm that made landfall on the southern tip of Baja California Sur in August 2008. The eleventh named storm of the 2008 Pacific hurricane season, it developed from a tropical wave on August 23 off the coast of Mexico. It moved parallel to the coast, reaching peak winds of 50 mph (85 km/h) before moving ashore and weakening. On August 26 it dissipated in the Gulf of California. Julio was the third tropical cyclone to make landfall in the Eastern Pacific tropical cyclone basin during the season, after Tropical Storm Alma, which struck Nicaragua in May, and Tropical Depression Five-E, which moved ashore along southwestern Mexico in July. The storm brought locally heavy rainfall to southern Baja California, killing one person and leaving several towns isolated. Moisture from Julio reached Arizona, producing thunderstorms, including one which damaged ten small planes in Chandler.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Norbert (2008)</span> Category 4 Pacific hurricane in 2008

Hurricane Norbert is tied with Hurricane Jimena as the strongest tropical cyclone to strike the west coast of Baja California Sur in recorded history. The fifteenth named storm, seventh hurricane, and second major hurricane of the 2008 hurricane season, Norbert originated as a tropical depression from a tropical wave south of Acapulco on October 3. Strong wind shear initially prevented much development, but the cyclone encountered a more favorable environment as it moved westward. On October 5, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Norbert, and the system intensified further to attain hurricane intensity by October 6. After undergoing a period of rapid deepening, Norbert reached its peak intensity as a Category 4 on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale, with maximum sustained winds of 135 mph (217 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 945 mbar. As the cyclone rounded the western periphery of a subtropical ridge over Mexico, it began an eyewall replacement cycle which led to steady weakening. Completing this cycle and briefly reintensifying into a major hurricane, a Category 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale, Norbert moved ashore Baja California Sur as a Category 2 hurricane late on October 11. After a second landfall at a weaker intensity the following day, the system quickly weakened over land and dissipated that afternoon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Lowell (2008)</span> Pacific tropical storm in 2008

Tropical Storm Lowell was a moderate tropical storm that developed during the 2008 Pacific hurricane season. The fourteenth tropical cyclone and thirteen named storm of the season, Lowell formed out of a western side of a trough on September 6. It quickly intensified into Tropical Storm Lowell, peaking as a moderate tropical storm. It pass directly over Socorro Island and began a weakening trend. It weakened into depression before landfall in Baja California Sur and dissipated before striking Sonora. It later joined with a frontal boundary and Hurricane Ike which caused severe damage as far inland as Chicago. In all, the storm had caused 6 deaths and $15.5 million damage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Kiko (1989)</span> Category 3 Pacific hurricane in 1989

Hurricane Kiko was one of the strongest tropical cyclones on record to have made landfall on Mexico's Baja California peninsula. The eleventh named storm of the 1989 Pacific hurricane season, Kiko formed out of a large mesoscale convective system on August 25. Slowly tracking northwestward, the storm rapidly intensified into a hurricane early the next day. Strengthening continued until early August 27, when Kiko reached its peak intensity with winds of 120 mph (190 km/h). The storm turned west at this time, and at around 0600 UTC, the storm made landfall near Punta Arena, Mexico at the southern tip of Baja California Sur. The hurricane rapidly weakened into a tropical storm later that day and further into a tropical depression by August 28, shortly after entering the Pacific Ocean. The depression persisted for another day while tracking southward, before being absorbed by nearby Tropical Storm Lorena. Though Kiko made landfall as a Category 3 hurricane, its impact was relatively minor. Press reports indicated that 20 homes were destroyed and numerous highways were flooded by torrential rains.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Jimena (2009)</span> Category 4 Pacific hurricane in 2009

Hurricane Jimena is tied with Hurricane Norbert as the strongest tropical cyclone to make landfall on western portion of the Baja California Peninsula. Jimena was the twelfth named storm, fifth hurricane, third major hurricane and overall second-strongest tropical cyclone of the 2009 Pacific hurricane season. Forming from a tropical wave late on August 28, 2009, off of Mexico's Pacific coast, the system rapidly intensified into a Category 2 hurricane on the next day. Two days after developing, Jimena strengthened into a Category 4 hurricane. After peaking close to Category 5 intensity on September 1, it encountered cold water and began to weaken. When the hurricane made landfall on the Baja California Peninsula on September 3, it was only a Category 2 hurricane. On the next day, the tropical cyclone entered the Gulf of California, though the storm weakened into a remnant low after looping back eastward towards Baja California. The storm's remnants drifted westward into the Pacific afterward, before dissipating on September 8.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropical Storm Norman (2012)</span> Pacific tropical storm in 2012

Tropical Storm Norman was the fourteenth tropical cyclone of the 2012 Pacific hurricane season that brought minor flooding to western Mexico and record rainfall to areas of Texas in September 2012. Originating from a disturbance near the southern tip of Baja California, it soon moved north and developed into a tropical cyclone on September 28. Upon developing into one, Norman attained its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (85 km/h). Heading northward into the Gulf of California, the storm began to weaken later that day due to southwesterly wind shear and land interaction. Norman curved northwestward and weakened to a tropical depression early on September 29. Around that time, it briefly moved inland near Topolobampo, Sinaloa, before re-emerging into the Gulf of California. Later on September 29, Norman degenerated into a remnant low pressure area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Odile</span> Category 4 Pacific hurricane in 2014

Hurricane Odile is tied for the most intense landfalling tropical cyclone in the Baja California Peninsula during the satellite era. Sweeping across the peninsula in September 2014, Odile inflicted widespread damage, particularly in the state of Baja California Sur, in addition to causing lesser impacts on the Mexican mainland and Southwestern United States. The precursor to Odile developed into a tropical depression south of Mexico on September 10 and quickly reached tropical storm strength. After meandering for several days, Odile began to track northwestward, intensifying to hurricane status before rapidly reaching its Category 4 hurricane peak intensity on September 14. The cyclone slightly weakened before making landfall near Cabo San Lucas with winds of 125 mph (205 km/h). Odile gradually weakened as it tracked across the length of the Baja California Peninsula, briefly crossing into the Gulf of California before degenerating into a remnant system on September 17. These remnants tracked northeastward across the Southwestern United States before they were no longer identifiable on September 19.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Lorena (2019)</span> Category 1 Pacific hurricane in 2019

Hurricane Lorena was a strong Pacific hurricane in September 2019 that brought heavy rainfall, flooding, and mudslides to Southwestern Mexico and the Baja California Peninsula and also brought severe weather to the U.S. state of Arizona. Lorena was the thirteenth named storm and seventh and final hurricane of the 2019 Pacific hurricane season. A tropical wave, originally from the North Atlantic, entered the East Pacific basin on September 16. With increasing thunderstorm development, Lorena formed as a tropical storm on September 17 alongside Tropical Storm Mario. Lorena made its passage northwestward and quickly gained strength before it made landfall as a Category 1 hurricane in Jalisco on September 19. Due to interaction with the mountainous terrain, Lorena weakened back to a tropical storm. After moving into the warm ocean temperatures of the Gulf of California, however, Lorena re-strengthened into a hurricane, and reached its peak intensity with 1-minute sustained winds of 85 mph (137 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 985 millibars (29.1 inHg) Lorena made a second landfall in the Mexican state of Baja California Sur, and quickly weakened thereafter. Lorena weakened to a tropical storm over the Gulf of California, and became a remnant low on September 22, shortly after making landfall in Sonora as a tropical depression. The remnant low moved inland over Mexico, and eventually dissipated inland over Arizona on September 24.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Olaf (2021)</span> Category 2 Pacific hurricane in 2021

Hurricane Olaf was a Category 2 Pacific hurricane that struck the Baja California Peninsula in September 2021. The fifteenth named storm and sixth hurricane of the 2021 Pacific hurricane season, the cyclone formed from an area of low pressure that developed off the southwestern coast of Mexico on September 5, 2021. The disturbance developed within a favorable environment, acquiring more convection and a closed surface circulation. The disturbance developed into Tropical Depression Fifteen-E by 18:00 UTC on September 7. The depression strengthened into a tropical storm and was named Olaf at 12:00 UTC the next day. Olaf quickly strengthened as it moved to the north-northwest, and was upgraded to a hurricane 24 hours after being named. Hurricane Olaf continued to intensify and reached peak intensity while its center was just offshore the southwestern coast of Baja California Sur, with maximum sustained winds of 105 mph (169 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 975 mbar (28.8 inHg). Just after reaching peak intensity, the hurricane made landfall near San José del Cabo. Interaction with the mountainous terrain of the Baja California Peninsula caused Olaf to quickly weaken. It was downgraded to a tropical storm at 12:00 UTC on September 10. The system became devoid of convection later that day and degenerated to a remnant low by 06:00 UTC on September 11.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hurricane Norma (2023)</span> Category 4 Pacific hurricane in 2023

Hurricane Norma was one of four tropical cyclones to strike the Pacific Coast of Mexico in October 2023. The seventeenth tropical depression, fourteenth named storm, ninth hurricane and seventh major hurricane of the 2023 Pacific hurricane season, Norma developed from an area of low pressure that formed off the coast of southern Mexico on October 15, 2023. The disturbance gradually organized as it progressed westward parallel to the coast, and developed into Tropical Storm Norma on October 17. Turning northward, Norma rapidly intensified to a Category 4 hurricane as it continued to parallel the west coast of Mexico. Less favorable environmental conditions caused Norma to gradually weaken as it approached the Baja California peninsula. The cyclone made landfall on the Mexican state of Baja California Sur as a Category 1 hurricane. Norma continued to weaken as it crossed the state. The storm emerged over the Gulf of California on October 22, and made landfall as a tropical depression the following day on the state of Sinaloa. Norma quickly dissipated as it moved inland over Mexico.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Miles B. Lawrence (2003). "Hurricane Ignacio Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). National Hurricane Center . Retrieved 2007-01-17.
  2. 1 2 Avila/Molleda (2003). "August 20, 2003 Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-01-17.[ permanent dead link ]
  3. 1 2 Jack Beven (2003). "Tropical Depression Nine-E Special Discussion One". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-01-17.
  4. ↑ Rhome/Lawrence (2003). "Tropical Depression Nine Discussion Four". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-01-17.
  5. ↑ Brian Jarvinen (2003). "Tropical Depression Nine-E Discussion Five". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-01-17.
  6. ↑ James Franklin (2003). "Tropical Storm Ignacio Special Discussion Seven". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-01-17.
  7. ↑ Miles Lawrence (2003). "Tropical Storm Ignacio Discussion Nine". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-01-17.
  8. ↑ Stacy Stewart (2003). "Hurricane Ignacio Discussion Ten". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-01-17.
  9. ↑ Richard Pasch (2003). "Hurricane Ignacio Discussion Eleven". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-01-17.
  10. 1 2 3 Greg Brosnan (2003-08-26). "Hurricane Ignacio Threatens Mexico's Baja Coast". PlanetArk. Archived from the original on November 14, 2004. Retrieved 2007-01-17.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  11. 1 2 3 Agence French-Presse (2003-08-25). "Hurricane Ignacio forces 10,000 to take shelter" . Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  12. 1 2 Mark Stevenson (2003-08-24). "Hurricane Ignacio Sweeps Baja California". Associated Press. Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  13. 1 2 Deutsche Presse Agentur (2003). "Hurricane Ignacio lashing Mexico's Baja California" . Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  14. ↑ Servicio Meteorologico Nacional (2003). "Huracán "Ignacio" del Océano Pacífico" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on October 4, 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-17.
  15. ↑ CNN (2003-08-26). "Hurricane Ignacio stalls, dumps rain on Baja" . Retrieved 2007-01-17.{{cite news}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  16. ↑ David Roth (2007). "Hurricane Ignacio – August 19–29, 2003". Hydrometeorological Prediction Center . Retrieved 2011-11-14.
  17. ↑ "Ignacio Bombards Mexico" (PDF). Associated Press. 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  18. ↑ Baja Insider (2003). "Hurricane Ignacio Hits La Paz". Archived from the original on November 6, 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  19. ↑ Los Cabos Guide (2003). "Hurricane Ignacio in Cabo San Lucas" . Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  20. ↑ "Todos Santos Hurricanes". 2003. Archived from the original on 2016-05-07. Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  21. 1 2 ReliefWeb (2003). "IRI Climate Digest-November 2003" . Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  22. ↑ Adam Wright (2003). "Storm of the Month". Surfline Wavetraks. Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  23. ↑ Mark Stevenson (2003). "Ignacio fills reservoirs while tourists whine about delays". Sun-Sentinel. Archived from the original on December 21, 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  24. ↑ Government of Mexico (2003). "Emite Segob Declaratoria de Emergencia para dos municipios más de Baja California Sur" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  25. ↑ United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (2003). "Mexico – Hurricane Ignacio OCHA Situation Report No. 2" . Retrieved 2007-01-18.
  26. ↑ Foro Consultivo Cientifico y Technológio (2005). "Desastres mayores registrados en México de 1980 a 2003" (PDF) (in Spanish). p. 20. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 1, 2006. Retrieved August 10, 2006.
  27. ↑ Staff Writer (August 25, 2003). "Hurricane Ignacio forces 10,000 to take shelter". Agence France-Presse. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved August 9, 2006.
  28. ↑ Sistema Nacional de Protección Civil: Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (March 2004). Informe de la Temporada de Ciclones Tropicales del 2003 (PDF) (Report) (in Spanish). El Secretario de Gobernación de Mexico. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 5, 2022. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
  29. ↑ National Climatic Data Center (2003). "Event Report for California". Archived from the original on May 19, 2011. Retrieved 2007-01-18.
Hurricane Ignacio
Hurricane Ignacio 24 aug 2003 1745Z.jpg
Hurricane Ignacio at peak intensity on August 24, 2003
Tropical cyclones of the 2003 Pacific hurricane season
2003 Pacific hurricane season summary map.png

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