Infundibulicybe gibba | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Basidiomycota |
Class: | Agaricomycetes |
Order: | Agaricales |
Family: | incertae sedis |
Genus: | Infundibulicybe |
Species: | I. gibba |
Binomial name | |
Infundibulicybe gibba (Pers.) Harmaja (2003) | |
Synonyms | |
Infundibulicybe gibba | |
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![]() | Gills on hymenium |
![]() | Cap is infundibuliform |
![]() | Hymenium is decurrent |
![]() | Stipe is bare |
![]() | Spore print is white |
![]() | Ecology is saprotrophic |
![]() ![]() | Edibility is edible but not recommended |
Infundibulicybe gibba (also known as Clitocybe gibba), and commonly known as the common funnel [1] or funnel cap, [2] is a species of gilled mushroom which is common in European woods.
The epithet gibba comes from the Latin adjective "gibbus", meaning "humped" or "gibbous". [3]
This species was originally described by the mycologist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1801 as Agaricus gibbus, at a time when gilled mushrooms were generally all assigned to genus Agaricus. [4] In 1871, Paul Kummer allocated the species to the genus Clitocybe , which previously (according to the system of Elias Magnus Fries) had only been a tribe within genus Agaricus. [5]
In 2003 Harri Harmaja created the new genus Infundibulicybe for some of the larger members of the former Clitocybe and he included I. gibba as the type species. [6] [7] [4] [8]
Clitocybe catinus is described as differing from C. gibba by having white cap with occasionally some pink tonality and its slight smell of flour. [9]
Harmaja (2003) gave it[ clarification needed ] a new name, Infundibulicybe catinus. [8]
Vizzini et al. (2011) listed it[ clarification needed ] a color variant of Infundibulicybe gibba. [10]
The older name Clitocybe infundibuliformis is often identified as a synonym of I. gibba, [11] [12] [7] but according to Species Fungorum that use was incorrect and the original C. infundibuliformis was a different taxon. [4]
The name infundibuliformis derives from the Latin "infundibulum", a funnel, with the suffix "-formis" - so it means "funnel-shaped". [13]
The matt slightly felted cap grows from about 3 to 9 centimetres (1+1⁄4 to 3+1⁄2 in), and is beige to tan, also sometimes with a pink tinge. [14] It may have a small depression in the centre and soon becomes funnel-shaped. [2]
There is no ring or other veil remnant. The stem is white or whitish and about 2–8 cm long and 1 cm in diameter. [14]
The white gills are crowded and very decurrent (running down the stem). [14]
It has a faint "cyanic" smell, like new-mown hay, and the flavour is mild, but the central European variety adstringens has an unpleasant taste. [12]
The tear-shaped spores are white [14] and around 5.5–8 μm by 4–5 μm. The spore print is white. [2]
The species resembles Infundibulicybe squamulosa , Pseudoclitocybe cyathiformis , [14] Bonomyces sinopicus , and Singerocybe adirondackensis . [15]
This gregarious saprobic mushroom grows on soil in deciduous or (less commonly) coniferous [2] woods and may be found from summer to autumn. It sometimes forms fairy rings.
It is very common throughout Europe, and occurs in North America and Japan. [16] [12]
It is edible when young, but said to be of mediocre quality. It can be fried or used in risottos or soups etc. The stems are tough and may be discarded. [17] [11] [1] The species resembles some which are poisonous. [14]
An extract of I. gibba exhibits inhibitory activity on thrombin. [18]