Joint Strike Missile

Last updated
Joint Strike Missile
Joint Strike Missile Mockup at JA2016.jpg
Type Air-launched anti-ship or land attack cruise missile
Place of origin Norway
United States
Production history
Designer Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace
Raytheon Missiles & Defense
DesignedFrom 2008 until mid-2018 [1]
Manufacturer Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace
Raytheon Missiles & Defense
Developed from Naval Strike Missile
Produced2021
Specifications
Mass416 kg (917 lb)
Length4.00 m (13 ft 1 in)
Width480 mm (1 ft 7 in) stowed
Height520 mm (1 ft 8 in)
Warhead Blast-fragmentation
Warhead weight120 kg (260 lb)
Detonation
mechanism
Time delay, impact
Blast yield100 kg (220 lb) TNT equivalent [2]
Engine Williams International F‐415 small turbofan
Operational
range
  • 555 km (345 mi; 300 nmi) hi‐hi‐lo
  • >275 km (171 mi; 148 nmi) [3]
  • 185 km (115 mi; 100 nmi) lo‐lo‐lo
Maximum speed Mach 0.9 (310 m/s; 1,000 ft/s) estimated
Guidance
system
 GPS, INS, TERCOM, Autonomous Target Recognition (ATR)
Accuracy CEP 1 m (3 ft 3 in)
Launch
platform
 F-35, F-16, F/A-18E/F, and F-15E (Mk 41 VLS possible)
References Janes [4]

The Joint Strike Missile (JSM) is a multi-role, air-launched cruise missile under development by the Norwegian company Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace and American company Raytheon Missiles & Defense. The JSM is derived from the Naval Strike Missile.

Contents

Development

A development of the Naval Strike Missile (NSM), the Joint Strike Missile (JSM) will feature an option for ground strike and a two-way communications line, so that the missile can communicate with the central control room or other missiles in the air. This missile will be integrated with the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II. Studies have shown that the F-35 would be able to carry two of these in its internal bays, while four additional missiles could be carried externally.

Lockheed Martin and Kongsberg signed a joint-marketing agreement for this air-launched version of the NSM, as well as an agreement committing both parties to integrating the JSM on the F-35 platform. [5] [6] The project is funded by Norway and Australia. [7] Kongsberg signed a contract for the first phase of development of the JSM in April, 2009, which is scheduled for completion within 18 months. [8] The JSM will have multicore computers running the Integrity real-time operating system from Green Hills Software. [9]

Compared with the Naval Strike Missile, the Joint Strike Missile features:

In November 2015, an F-16 Fighting Falcon successfully completed live-fire testing of the JSM at the Utah Test and Training Range. [13] [14]

The integration of the JSM with the F-35, and testing in the United States is facilitated by Lone Star Analysis, under long term contract with the Norwegian Ministry of Defense. [15]

On 22 August 2024, Australia's Minister for Defence Industry and Capability Delivery, the Hon. Pat Conroy MP, announced a AU$850 million partnership agreement had been signed with Kongsberg's local subsidiary — Kongsberg Defence Australia — for the manufacture and servicing of the JSM (and NSM) for the Australian Defence Force (ADF) at a new purpose built factory. The factory is to be constructed at RAAF Base Williamtown near the city of Newcastle in New South Wales. Manufacturing of missiles is expected to commence from 2027. [16]

Other variants

Kongsberg were studying methods to deploy the JSM from Norway's submarines, [17] and found shaping the missile to fit into the F-35's confined bomb-bay also enabled it to fit in the Mark 41 Vertical Launching System. A VL-JSM could also compete with the Lockheed LRASM for the U.S. Navy's OASuW Increment 2 for a ship-launched anti-ship missile. [18]

On 15 July 2014, Kongsberg and Raytheon announced that they had formed a teaming agreement to offer the JSM to the United States Navy for their Offensive Anti-Surface Warfare (OASuW) requirement; [19] Raytheon would produce JSMs for the American market. [20] A teaming agreement is an interim agreement between partners which commits them to their roles during the development and marketing stage of a project. It would generally be transformed into a formal sub-contracting agreement once an order for delivery has been placed. [21]

The Navy plans to begin a competition for the OASuW requirement in 2017, which will likely pit the Kongsberg/Raytheon JSM against the Lockheed Martin AGM-158C LRASM. [22]

Production

The serial production began in 2021. [23]

Production facilities

Norway - Kongsberg

The main production facility for the JSM is located in Norway.

Australia - Kongsberg

Prior to the formal order of the JSM by the Australian Air Force in September 2024, Kongsberg announced in August 2024 that it was building a facility where the missile would be manufactured, in collaboration with the Australian government. [24]

United States - Kongsberg

In September 2024, Kongsberg Defence and Aerospace announced that it was building a new missile production facility in James City County in Virginia. The plan is to have a facility that will assemble, upgrade and repair the Naval Strike Missile and the Joint Strike Missile. The investment will amount to USD $100 million, and Kongsberg plans to hire 180 people. [25] [26]

Suppliers

United States

Operators

Future operators

Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia
List of orders:
  • September 2024, contract valued at NOK 1 billion. [28] [29]
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan
The Japan Air Self-Defence Force chose the JSM as ASuW weapon for the F-35A as it can be carried internally. [30]
List of orders:
  • March 2019, contract awarded to supply the JSM starting in April 2021. [31] [32] [33]
  • November 2019, follow-on order valued at NOK 450 million (USD $49 million). [34] [35]
  • December 2020, follow-on order valued at NOK 820 million. [36]
  • November 2024, 4th order valued at NOK 1.9 billion. [37] [30]
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway
The Royal Norwegian Air Force ordered the JSM in October 2021 for their fleet of F-35 fighters. The initial delivery was expected for 2023. [38] [39]
Flag of the United States.svg  United States
The Department of Defense selected the JSM for the United States Air Force. [40] [41] List of orders:
  • March 2023, plan to procure 268 JSM over five years: [40] [41]
    • FY2024, 48 missiles ordered for a value of USD $141 million, to be produced in Norway. [42]
    • FY2025, 50 missiles ordered for a value of USD $165.9 million. [43]

Potential operators

Flag of Finland.svg  Finland
In December 2021, the Finnish Air Force selected F-35 as their future fighter jet, and have selected JSM among other weaponry. [44] As of 2024, no firm order has been confirmed.
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy
In July 2024, the Italian parliament revealed that it would equip the 20 F-35B of the Italian Navy with the JSM missile and the MBDA SPEAR 3. [45] These aircraft can be operated from the two aircraft carriers of the Italian Navy.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AIM-120 AMRAAM</span> American air-to-air missile

The AIM-120 Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile(AMRAAM) ( AM-ram) is an American beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile capable of all-weather day-and-night operations. It uses active transmit-receive radar guidance instead of semi-active receive-only radar guidance. When an AMRAAM missile is launched, NATO pilots use the brevity code "Fox Three".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tomahawk (missile family)</span> Long-range, subsonic cruise missile

The BGM-109 TomahawkLand Attack Missile (TLAM) is an American long-range, all-weather, jet-powered, subsonic cruise missile that is primarily used by the United States Navy and Royal Navy in ship and submarine-based land-attack operations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kongsberg Gruppen</span> Norwegian industrial company

Kongsberg Gruppen is a Norwegian multinational company, that supplies high-technology systems to customers in the merchant marine, defence, aerospace, offshore oil and gas industries, and renewable and utilities industries.

Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (KDA) is one of three business units of Kongsberg Gruppen (KONGSBERG) of Norway and a supplier of defence and space related systems and products, mainly anti-ship missiles, military communications, and command and weapons control systems for naval vessels and air-defence applications. Today, the company is probably best known abroad for its development/industrialisation and production of the first passive IR homing anti-ship missile of the western world, the Penguin, starting delivery in the early 1970s. As of 2021, Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace had 3,500 employees.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ASRAAM</span> Short-range air-to-air missile

The Advanced Short Range Air-to-Air Missile (ASRAAM), also known by its United States designation AIM-132, is an imaging infrared homing air-to-air missile, produced by MBDA UK, that is designed for close-range combat. It is in service in the Royal Air Force (RAF), replacing the AIM-9 Sidewinder. The ASRAAM is designed to allow the pilot to fire and then turn away before the opposing aircraft can close for a shot. It flies at over Mach 3 to ranges in excess of 25 kilometres (16 mi). It retains a 50 g maneuverability provided by body lift and tail control.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon</span> Type of glide bomb

The AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) is a glide bomb that resulted from a joint venture between the United States Navy and Air Force to deploy a standardized medium-range precision-guided weapon, especially for engagement of defended targets from outside the range of standard anti-aircraft defenses, thereby increasing aircraft survivability and minimizing friendly losses. It is intended to be used against soft targets such as parked aircraft, trucks, armored personnel carriers (APCs), and surface-to-air missile sites (SAMs). Prior to launch, it is given a destination through either a predesignated waypoint or a point marked through a targeting pod. It glides, using two wings that pop out for added lift, to the marked destination and dispenses submunitions in a short, roughly linear pattern. The designation of the Joint Standoff Weapon as an "air-to-ground missile" is a misnomer, as it is an unpowered bomb with guidance avionics, similar to the older GBU-15.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Penguin (missile)</span> Littoral anti-ship missile

The Penguin anti-ship missile, designated AGM-119 by the U.S. military, is a Norwegian passive IR seeker-based short-to-medium range anti-ship guided missile, designed for naval use.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NASAMS</span> Norwegian surface-to-air missile system

NASAMS is a short- to medium-range ground-based air defense system developed by Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (KDA) and RTX Corporation. The system defends against unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), helicopters, cruise missiles, unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs), and fixed wing aircraft, firing any of a wide range of existing missiles.

<i>Hobart</i>-class destroyer Class of destroyer of Royal Australian Navy

The Hobart class is a ship class of three air warfare destroyers (AWDs) built for the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Planning for ships to replace the Adelaide-class frigates and restore the capability last exhibited by the Perth-class destroyers began by 2000, initially under acquisition project SEA 1400, which was re-designated SEA 4000. Although the designation "Air Warfare Destroyer" is used to describe ships dedicated to the defence of a naval force from aircraft and missile attack, the destroyers are expected to also operate in anti-surface, anti-submarine, and naval gunfire support roles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Naval Strike Missile</span> Anti-ship or land attack cruise missile

The Naval Strike Missile (NSM) is an anti-ship and land-attack missile developed by the Norwegian company Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (KDA).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AGM-179 JAGM</span> American air-to-surface missile

The AGM-179 Joint Air-to-Ground Missile (JAGM) is an American military program to develop an air-to-surface missile, to replace the current air-launched BGM-71 TOW, AGM-114 Hellfire, and AGM-65 Maverick missiles. The U.S. Army, Navy, and Marine Corps plan to buy thousands of JAGMs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CAMM (missile family)</span> Family of surface-to-air missiles developed by MBDA UK

The CAMM is a family of surface-to-air missiles developed by MBDA UK for the United Kingdom. CAMM is derived from, and shares some common features and components with, the Advanced Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile (ASRAAM), but with updated electronics, a soft vertical launch system, and an active radar homing seeker. The CAMM family is in use by or on order for the armed forces of several countries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GBU-53/B StormBreaker</span> American precision-guided glide bomb

The GBU-53/B StormBreaker, previously known as the Small Diameter Bomb II, is an American air-launched, precision-guided glide bomb.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AGM-158C LRASM</span> American stealthy anti-ship cruise missile

The AGM-158C LRASM is a stealth air launch anti-ship cruise missile developed for the United States Air Force and United States Navy by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Derived from the AGM-158B JASSM-ER, the LRASM was intended to pioneer more sophisticated autonomous targeting capabilities than the U.S. Navy's current Harpoon anti-ship missile, which has been in service since 1977.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polish Navy</span> Military unit

The Polish Navy is the naval branch of the Polish Armed Forces. The Polish Navy consists of 46 ships and about 12,000 commissioned and enlisted personnel. The traditional ship prefix in the Polish Navy is ORP.

The FC/ASW or FMAN/FMC in French, also dubbed FOSW and SPEAR 5, is a next generation missile programme launched by France and the United Kingdom in 2017 to succeed their jointly-developed Storm Shadow/SCALP as well as their respective Exocet and Harpoon anti-ship missiles. Equally funded by both countries with a workload evenly split, the project is led by MBDA and is a product of the close defence relationship set out between the two nations by the Lancaster House treaties. In June 2023, it was announced Italy would join the programme; a restructuring of the workshare to reflect this new development is expected to take place.

<i>Maharaja Lela</i>-class frigate Stealth frigates being built for the Royal Malaysian Navy

The Maharaja Lela-class frigate, also known as the Littoral Combat Ship (LCS), is a class of six stealth frigates being built for the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN). First announced as the Second Generation Patrol Vessel (SGPV) in 2011, the ships are based on an enlarged version of the Gowind-class corvette, designed by Naval Group, formerly known as DCNS of France.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SPEAR 3</span> Spear: Air-to-surface missile

SPEAR is a family of air-launched effectors under development by MBDA UK for the Royal Air Force's Select Precision Effects At Range (SPEAR) Capability 3, or SPEAR 3 programme, from which the system also derives its name. The SPEAR family currently consists of two variants: SPEAR, a 100kg class air-to-surface cruise missile; and SPEAR-EW, an electronic warfare variant for stand-in jamming or for use as a decoy.

Super Sonic Strike Missile (3SM) Tyrfing is a supersonic anti-ship missile under development by the Norwegian firm Kongsberg Defense & Aerospace (KDA).

References

  1. ↑ "Joint Strike Missile (JSM)". airforce-technology. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  2. ↑ "JSM Missile" (PDF). aerocontact.
  3. ↑ "NSM-JSM Missiles" (PDF). Kongsberg. 4 May 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 July 2023.
  4. ↑ Janes (21 November 2022), "Joint Strike Missile (JSM)" , Janes Weapons: Air Launched, Coulsdon, Surrey: Jane's Group UK Limited., retrieved 26 December 2022
  5. ↑ "Sign joint marketing agreement". Kongsberg. 31 January 2007. Archived from the original on 22 February 2007.
  6. ↑ "Important cooperative agreement with Lockheed Martin". Kongsberg. 9 June 2009. Archived from the original on 14 April 2012.
  7. ↑ Norway pushes naval strike missile for JSF – Jane's Defence Weekly, 20 July 2005
  8. ↑ "Development contract for the Joint Strike Missile valued at MNOK 166". Kongsberg. 27 April 2009. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  9. ↑ "Kongsberg selects Integrity for missile programme". ElectronicsTalk. Archived from the original on September 4, 2010.
  10. ↑ Trevithick, Joseph (May 31, 2018). "It's Official, The Navy's Next Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Will Be The Naval Strike Missile". The Drive. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023.
  11. 1 2 Perry, Dominic (30 November 2012). "Norway pushes for further assurances over JSM integration on F-35". Flight Global. Archived from the original on 1 March 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  12. ↑ "Naval and Joint Strike Missiles Update Precision Strike Annual Review (PSAR-14)". Kongsberg. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  13. ↑ Gady, Franz-Stefan (13 November 2015). "F-35's Joint Strike Missile Successfully Completes Flight Test in US". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 11 December 2022. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  14. ↑ Seligman, Lara (11 November 2015). "F-35's Joint Strike Missile Completes Flight Test". Defense News. Archived from the original on 5 January 2024.
  15. ↑ King, Rita (2019-01-29). "Lone Star Analysis Secures High-Value Contract with Norwegian Ministry of Defence". Lone Star Analysis. Archived from the original on 2023-09-23. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  16. ↑ "Australian Government, Defence Ministers, Media Releases". 22 August 2024.
  17. ↑ Scott, Richard (24 January 2013). "Kongsberg studies JSM for submarine launch". Janes. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  18. ↑ "New Details on the Kongsberg Vertical Launch Joint Strike Missile (VL JSM)". Navy Recognition. 14 January 2015. Archived from the original on 19 January 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  19. ↑ "Raytheon and Kongsberg team to provide air-launched Offensive Anti-Surface Warfare solutions". Kongsberg. 15 July 2014. Archived from the original on 13 August 2020.
  20. ↑ Chuter, Andrew (15 July 2014). "Raytheon To Produce US Variant of Kongsberg's JSM". Defense News. Archived from the original on 17 July 2014. Retrieved 15 July 2014.
  21. ↑ Valof, Joseph. "Anatomy of A Government Team Agreement". nanosft.com. Archived from the original on 4 February 2010. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
  22. ↑ Arming New Platforms Will Push Up Value Of Missiles Market – Aviationweek.com, 5 January 2015
  23. ↑ Robin Hughes (27 October 2021). "JSM enters series production". Janes Defence News. Archived from the original on 23 June 2022. Retrieved 5 June 2024.
  24. ↑ "KONGSBERG to build missile factory in Australia". www.kongsberg.com. 2024-10-04. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  25. ↑ Staff, Seapower (2024-09-17). "Kongsberg to Establish Missile Factory in the U.S." Seapower. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  26. ↑ "KONGSBERG to Establish Missile Factory in the US". www.kongsberg.com. 2024-10-04. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  27. ↑ Tirpak, John (2024-06-05). "Air Force Buys First Lot of Norwegian Joint Strike Missiles". Air & Space Forces Magazine. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  28. ↑ "To deliver Joint Strike Missiles to Australia". www.kongsberg.com. 2024-10-04. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  29. ↑ Marles, Richard (2024-09-05). "Acquisition of Joint Strike Missile to boost Australia's Long-Range Strike Capability".
  30. 1 2 Valpolini, Paolo (2024-11-01). "Kongsberg secures new JSM contract from Japan". EDR Magazine. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  31. ↑ "KONGSBERG awarded JSM Joint Strike Missile contract with Japan - Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace". www.kongsberg.com. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  32. ↑ Dominguez, Gabriel; Takahashi, Kosuke (12 March 2019). "Kongsberg awarded contract to supply JSMs for Japanese F-35s". Jane's 360. Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  33. ↑ Takahashi, Kosuke (9 September 2020). "Japan to begin receiving Joint Strike Missiles from April 2021". Janes. Archived from the original on 27 September 2023.
  34. ↑ "KONGSBERG awarded follow-on JSM contract with Japan valued 450 MNOK". www.kongsberg.com. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  35. ↑ Gady, Franz-Stefan. "Japan Places Follow-on Order for Joint Strike Missiles". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  36. ↑ "KONGSBERG awarded second follow-on JSM contract with Japan valued 820 MNOK". www.kongsberg.com. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  37. ↑ "KONGSBERG secures new JSM contract from Japan". www.kongsberg.com. 2024-10-04. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  38. ↑ "Historic Missile Contract Signed with Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace". Norwegian Defence Materiel Agency. English translation included below Norwegian section. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021.
  39. ↑ "Flexibility on the Fly: Joint Strike Missile Has Abilities That Give Pilots the Upper Hand". Breaking Defense. 1 March 2020. Archived from the original on 18 May 2023.
  40. 1 2 Mesch, Shelley K. (16 March 2023). "Air Force to procure 268 Joint Strike Missiles over five years". Inside Defense. Archived from the original on 9 May 2023.
  41. 1 2 Trevithick, Joseph (13 March 2023). "Hundreds of Aircraft Headed to the Boneyard in New USAF Budget". The Drive. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023.
  42. ↑ Hill, John (2024-06-04). "US Air Force orders first JSM lot for F-35A fighters". Airforce Technology. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
  43. ↑ "Department of Defense Fiscal Year (FY) 2025 Budget Estimates" (PDF). March 2024.
  44. ↑ Pittaway, Nigel (15 December 2011). "Joint Strike Missile gains third customer". Australian Defence Magazine. Archived from the original on 20 March 2023.
  45. ↑ "Italian Navy to equip F-35Bs with JSM, SPEAR 3 stand-off weapons". Default. 2024-07-16. Archived from the original on 16 July 2024. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.