Kimball Village

Last updated

Kimball Village
Kimball Village.jpg
LocationAddress restricted [1]
Nearest city Westfield, Iowa
Area1.9 acres (0.77 ha)
MPS Archaeological Resources of Initial Variant of the Middle Missouri Tradition in Iowa MPS
NRHP reference No. 10000343 [2]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPJune 11, 2010
Designated NHLDecember 23, 2016

Kimball Village is an archaeological site located in the vicinity of Westfield, Iowa, United States. It is one of six known Big Sioux phase villages from the Middle Missouri tradition that existed between 1100-1250 C.E. [3] The site, located on a terrace overlooking the Big Sioux River, has well-preserved features, including earth lodge and storage pits, and evidence of fortifaction. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010, [2] and as a National Historic Landmark in 2016. [4] [5]

Contents

Description

Kimball Village is located in northwestern Iowa, in rural Plymouth County. It is set on a terrace set between the Big Sioux River and the Loess Hills. The site is identifiable as a mound rising in the floodplain, and occupies an area of just under 2 acres (0.81 ha).

Dr. Charles R. Keyes, a professor at Cornell College in Iowa, his assistant Ellison Orr, and 14 workers from the Works Progress Administration first excavated the site in 1939, after Keyes heard that artifact hunters were finding objects in this area. They discovered houses, hearths, storage pits, burial features, and over 9,000 artifacts. [3] Other excavations have been done in 1942, 1963 and 2009, the latter determining the full extent of the site. These investigations revealed that the village had at least 20 dwellings organized in five rows facing south. It was fortified by a timber palisade and possibly also a ditch. As of its designation as a National Historic Landmark in 2016, the site was described as remarkably well preserved, having suffered little erosion damage. Only 3% of its area had been investigated by archaeologists. [6]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Register of Historic Places listings in Iowa</span>

This is a list of properties and historic districts in Iowa that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. There are listings in all of Iowa's 99 counties, adding up to over 2,300 total.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blood Run Site</span> United States historic place

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian Village State Preserve</span> United States historic place

Indian Village State Preserve, or the Wittrock Indian Village State Preserve, is a state archaeological preserve near Sutherland, Iowa. The 6-acre (2.4 ha) property preserves the Indian Village Site (13OB4), a prehistoric fortified village of the Mill Creek culture. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964, and made a state preserve in 1968. It is located east of Sutherland, south of 455th Street and west of Yellow Avenue. Access to the preserve requires crossing private land.

The Phipps Site (13CK21) is a Late Prehistoric Mill Creek culture archaeological site near Cherokee in Cherokee County, Iowa, United States. Its principal feature, a refuse midden, has yielded important information on the formation of middens in the region. The site was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hagen Site</span> United States historic place

The Hagen Site, also designated by the Smithsonian trinomial 24DW1, is an archaeological site near Glendive in Dawson County, Montana. The site, excavated in the 1930s, is theorized to represent a rare instance of a settlement from early in the period in which the Crow and Hidatsa Native American tribes separated from one another. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amalik Bay Archeological District</span> Archaeological site in Alaska, United States

The Amalik Bay Archeological District is a geographic area with a significant number of archaeological sites in Alaska. It is located on the Pacific coast of Katmai National Park and Preserve, in the mainland portion of Kodiak Island Borough, Alaska.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sunken Village Archeological Site</span> United States historic place

The Sunken Village Archeological Site, designated by the Smithsonian trinomial 35MU4, is an archaeological site on Sauvie Island in Multnomah County, Oregon, United States. The site consists of a remarkably well-preserved Chinookan village, dating back more than 700 years. It is a major example of a wet archaeological site, in which cultural materials were preserved in an anaerobic freshwater environment. Finds at the site include well-preserved basketry. The site was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1989.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dry Creek Archeological Site</span> Archaeological site in Alaska, United States

The Dry Creek Archeological Site is an archaeological site not far outside Denali National Park and Preserve. It is a multi-component site, whose stratified remains have yielded evidence of human occupation as far back as 11,000 years ago. The site is located on the northern flanks of the Alaska Range, near Healy, Alaska, in the Nenana River watershed. There are four major components to the site, layered in an outwash terrace overlooking Dry Creek, with layers of loess separating them.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iyatayet site</span> Archaeological site in Alaska, United States

The Iyatayet site is an archaeological site and National Historic Landmark located on the northwest shore of Cape Denbigh on Norton Bay in Nome Census Area, Alaska. It shows evidence of several separate cultures, dating back as far as 6000 B.C. It was excavated starting in 1948 by J. Louis Giddings, the pioneering archaeologist of the area. It is significant as the type site of the Norton culture, representative of human occupation c. 500BCE-500CE, first described by Giddings in 1964. It is also significant for the Denbigh Flint complex, which lay underneath the Norton materials, and provides evidence of some of the earliest human activity in the region. The site was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1961.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arzberger site</span> United States historic place

The Arzberger site, designated by archaeologists with the Smithsonian trinomial 39HU6, is a major archaeological site in Hughes County, near Pierre, South Dakota. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964. It is a large fortified village, that is the type site for the Initial Coalescent, a culture that flourished in the area c. 1200-1350 CE.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Langdeau Site</span> United States historic place

The Langdeau Site, designated by the Smithsonian trinomial 39LM209, is an archaeological site in Lyman County, South Dakota, near Lower Brule. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964. The site was one of the first to provide evidence of horticultural activity by Native Americans in the region.

The Plainview Site is a prehistoric Native American archeological site near Plainview, Texas. Plainview point spear tips, commonly found in the Central Plains, were first described here, and date to 7800-5100 BC. The site was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1961.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Register of Historic Places listings in Jones County, Iowa</span>

This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Jones County, Iowa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Register of Historic Places listings in Woodbury County, Iowa</span>

This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Woodbury County, Iowa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Register of Historic Places listings in Lafourche Parish, Louisiana</span>

This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Lafourche Parish, Louisiana.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Register of Historic Places listings in Summit County, Utah</span>

This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Summit County, Utah.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Register of Historic Places listings in Plymouth County, Iowa</span>

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Plymouth County, Iowa, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

Big Sioux Prehistoric Prairie Procurement System Archaeological District is a discontiguous historic district of 30 sites located along 15 miles (24 km) of river terraces and blufftops in Lyon County, Iowa. The sites are both large and small in size and they "contain a representative sample of the best preserved elements of a hunting and gathering system" of the native peoples who inhabited the northwest Iowa plains from 10,000 to 200 years ago. They include late base camps, deeply-buried early Archaic camps, and procurement sites from all time periods in the Pre-Columbian era. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

The Rosenstock Village site is a historic site located in Frederick County, Maryland, United States, near the city of Frederick. It contains the remains of a Late Woodland Village situated on a bluff overlooking the Monocacy River. The village was occupied between A.D. 1335 and A.D. 1400, based on artifact analysis and radiocarbon dating. It is similar to the Montgomery Complex, which is a cultural complex made up of Late Woodland sites located on the Potomac River. The site was excavated in 1979 and from 1990 to 1992, and estimates suggest that 93% of the site remains undisturbed. They uncovered a large oval area surrounded by pits, a large sheet midden area, and what are believed to be two sweatlodges. The excavations have yielded a trove of artifacts and animal remains. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018.

References

  1. Federal and state laws and practices restrict general public access to information regarding the specific location of this resource. In some cases, this is to protect archeological sites from vandalism, while in other cases it is restricted at the request of the owner. See: Knoerl, John; Miller, Diane; Shrimpton, Rebecca H. (1990), Guidelines for Restricting Information about Historic and Prehistoric Resources, National Register Bulletin, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, OCLC   20706997 .
  2. 1 2 "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
  3. 1 2 Cynthia L. Peterson; Lynn M. Alex; William E. Whittaker. "Kimball Village" (PDF). National Park Service . Retrieved October 31, 2016.
  4. "Interior Department Announces 24 New National Historic Landmarks". U.S. Department of the Interior. January 11, 2017. Retrieved January 11, 2017.
  5. National Park Service (March 3, 2017), Weekly List of Actions Taken on Properties: 2/16/2017 through 3/2/2017, archived from the original on March 7, 2017, retrieved March 7, 2017.
  6. "NHL nomination for Kimball Village (redacted)" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved March 9, 2017.