Leucoagaricus | |
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Leucoagaricus americanus | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Basidiomycota |
Class: | Agaricomycetes |
Order: | Agaricales |
Family: | Agaricaceae |
Genus: | Leucoagaricus Locq. ex Singer (1948) |
Type species | |
Leucoagaricus macrorhizus Locq. ex Singer (1948) | |
Species | |
Synonyms [1] | |
Leucoagaricus is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Agaricaceae. [2] As of March 2023 there are over 200 accepted species of Leucoagaricus with ongoing research into the genus adding several more each year. [3] Leucocoprinus is a similar genus and considered by some sources to be indistinct from Leucoagaricus based on genetic data that demonstrates they are monophyletic. Species are separated into these genera based on macroscopic features such as cap striations in Leucocoprinus or the more persistent basidiocarps (mushrooms) of Leucoagaricus as well as microscopic features such as the lack of a germ pore in Leucoagaricus species. [4] [5] As a result of the similarities and disagreement on taxonomy, many of the species within these genera have formerly been classified in the other and may still be known by previous classifications. For instance the species Leucoagaricus gongylophorus is cultivated by fungus-growing ants but was formerly known as Leucocoprinus gongylophorus whilst other species cultivated by the lesser attine ants are still classified as undescribed Leucocoprinus species. [6]
This group of mushrooms was first defined as a subgenus of Leucocoprinus by Marcel Locquin in 1945, and it was then elevated to the status of genus by Rolf Singer in the journal Sydowia in 1948. The group was characterized as belonging to family Agaricaceae with white, dirty cream or pink spores which are generally small (up to 10 μm) but much bigger in one species, with a germ pore, with a pseudo-amyloid multilayered membrane, simple or ornamented, which is metachromatic in cresyl blue. The hyphae in the sporocarp are without clamp connections. There is always a ring which is initially fixed (but later may be movable). [7]
The type species is Leucoagaricus barssii (Zeller) Vellinga, which was formerly called L. macrorhizus.
The genus Sericeomyces was created in 1978 by the Belgian mycologist Paul Heinemann to accommodate species with a silky covering to the cap [8] with 24 species being placed within this genus having been reclassified from Lepiota. [9] However this classification has since been rejected as phylogenetic data demonstrated they were not distinct from Leucoagaricus. [10]
The genus is further divided based on its morphology with the section classifications: [4]
Select species include:
Lepiota is a genus of gilled mushrooms in the family Agaricaceae. All Lepiota species are ground-dwelling saprotrophs with a preference for rich, calcareous soils. Basidiocarps are agaricoid with whitish spores, typically with scaly caps and a ring on the stipe. Around 400 species of Lepiota are currently recognized worldwide. Many species are poisonous, some lethally so.
The Agaricaceae are a family of basidiomycete fungi and include the genus Agaricus, as well as basidiomycetes previously classified in the families Tulostomataceae, Lepiotaceae, and Lycoperdaceae.
Leucocoprinus cretaceus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It is likely tropical in origin although it was first documented in Europe where it was often found growing in greenhouses and bark beds. However many early observations conflate this species with Leucocoprinus birnbaumii or Leucocoprinus cepistipes despite sharing only some superficial similarities. This fungus is quite versatile even for a saprotroph and is often found growing in clusters on woodchips, sawdust and compost heaps as well as directly from the ground or on trees. It may also appear in plant pots and greenhouses in colder countries in which it is not well equipped to survive outside.
Leucoagaricus badhamii is a species of fungus in the family Agaricaceae and genus Leucoagaricus. The flesh of this mushroom turns blood red when cut or bruised, hence its common name of blushing dapperling. These damaged areas may eventually turn brown or black and likewise the mushroom may discolour brown or black with age. All parts of the flesh display red staining aiding in identification.
Leucocoprinus ianthinus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. Like several other Leucocoprinus species it may have originated in a tropical climate but now finds a home in plant pots, greenhouses and compost piles in many countries. It is not seen in plant pots with the same kind of regularity as the well known Leucocoprinus birnbaumii and not seen in the wild as frequently as Leucocoprinus brebissonii.
Leucoagaricus barssii, commonly known as the smoky dapperling, or gray parasol, is a species of fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Leucoagaricus meleagris is a species of fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Leucocoprinus cygneus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Leucocoprinus acutoumbonatus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Leucocoprinus delicatulus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Leucocoprinus pusillus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Macrolepiota zeyheri is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. In the Kilendu dialect it is known as djilo and in the Kilur dialect it is called n'volo mighom.
Leucocoprinus viridiflavoides is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It may still be known as Leucoagaricus viridiflavoides.
Leucocoprinus antillarum is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Leucocoprinus microlepis is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Leucocoprinus scissus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Leucocoprinus canariensis is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Leucocoprinus gandour is a species of mushroom-producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Leucoagaricus flavus is a species of mushroom-producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.
Leucoagaricus croceovelutinus is a species of mushroom-producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.