This is a list of currently active separatist movements in South America . Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism.
What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:
Under each region listed is one or more of the following:
República de Santa Cruz [18] [19]
Arica y Parinacota Region [24]
São Paulo is one of the 26 states of the Federative Republic of Brazil and is named after Saint Paul of Tarsus. It is located in the Southeast Region and is limited by the states of Minas Gerais to the north and northeast, Paraná to the south, Rio de Janeiro to the east and Mato Grosso do Sul to the west, in addition to the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast. It is divided into 645 municipalities and its total area is 248,219.481 square kilometres km², which is equivalent to 2.9% of Brazil's surface, being slightly larger than the United Kingdom. Its capital is the municipality of São Paulo.
Assis is a city and a municipality in the southwestern part of the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 101,409 in an area of 460.61 km2. The town was founded on July 5, 1905, and became a municipality in 1917, when it was separated from Platina. It is the largest city of its microregion, and the 2nd of its mesoregion, and is 434 km away from the capital, São Paulo. The town has an annual average temperature of 21,37 °C, annual rainfall 1,441 mm (56.7 in), and the vegetation predominates Mata Atlântica and Cerrado, is then a transition zone of vegetation. Its Human Development Index (HDI) is 0.805, considered high if compared to state and is in 28th place among Brazilian cities.
Ceará Sporting Club, or simply Ceará, is a Brazilian professional football club from the city of Fortaleza, capital city of the Brazilian state of Ceará.
The Primeiro Comando da Capital is a Brazilian organized crime syndicate. According to a 2023 The Economist report, the PCC is Latin America's biggest drug gang, with a membership of 40,000 lifetime members plus 60,000 "contractors". Its name refers to the São Paulo state capital, the city of São Paulo.
Brazil is divided into several types and levels of subdivisions.
The Madeira Archipelago Liberation Front, or FLAMA, was a right-wing terrorist paramilitary organisation from Madeira, whose main goal was to achieve Madeira's independence from mainland Portugal.
The South Is My Country is a separatist movement that seeks the independence of Brazil's South Region, formed by the states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and Santa Catarina. The group claims the region is under-represented by Brasília.
The Zulian Region is one of the 10 administrative regions into which Venezuela is divided for its development plans. This region is coterminous with Zulia State and is administrated by CORPOZULIA. The people from this region seek autonomy from the central government.
Dutch Brazilians refers to Brazilians of full or partial Dutch ancestry. Dutch Brazilians are mainly descendants of immigrants from the Netherlands.
Espírito Santo is a state in southeastern Brazil. Its capital is Vitória, and its largest city is Serra. With an extensive coastline, the state hosts some of the country's main ports, and its beaches are significant tourist attractions.
Ditassa is a genus of plant in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1810. It is native to South America.
Viviane Senna Lalli is a Brazilian entrepreneur and philanthropist. She is sister of the racing driver and three-time Formula 1 world champion Ayrton Senna (1960–1994), and mother of racing driver Bruno Senna.
Terço dos Homens is a Brazilian lay Catholic movement of Marian prayer by men only.
The History of Espírito Santo is composed of studies focused on the evolution of the territory and society of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, from the first indigenous inhabitants and the creation of the Captaincy of Espírito Santo by Vasco Fernandes Coutinho, in 1535, to the present day.
Nordeste Independente (NEI) is an organization that seeks the independence of the Northeast Region of Brazil. It is represented by economist and engineer Jacques Ribemboim, who has promoted Northeastern separatism since the 1990s. In 2017, the group had around 57 members.