Antigua and Barbuda
- Proposed state:
Barbuda - Political parties:
Barbuda People's Movement [1] [2]
- Political parties:
This is a list of currently active separatist movements in North America. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism.
What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:
Under each region listed is one or more of the following:
Barbuda 
Barbuda People's Movement [1] [2] 
United States [12] [13] [14] 
British Columbia 
Nuxalk Nation 
Raizal State 
Limón 
Guanacaste 
Republic of Guadeloupe [47] [48] [49] 
Republic of Martinique [48] [49] 
Martinican Independence Movement, [51] Build the Martinique Country, Péyi-A 
La Gonâve en avant [54] [55] Jatibonicu Taino Tribal Nation
Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities 
Curaçao [63] 
Aruba 
Saint Martin 
Nevis 
Tobago Organisation of the People, [77] Progressive Democratic Patriots, [75] [76] Tobago Forwards, One Tobago Voice formally 
Fargo House Movement [78] 
Choctaw Youth Movement (defunct)
Lakota Freedom Movement, [81] [82] 
Mohawk Warrior Society, 
American Indian Movement, American Indian Movement of Colorado, International Indian Treaty Council, Red Power movement 
League of the South, [83] [84] [85] other 
neo-Confederate and non-confederate southern separatist groups.
Deseret nationalists (#DezNat) 
New Black Panther Party, 
African People's Socialist Party, Not Fucking Around Coalition, Black Hammer Party, Revolutionary Black Panther Party, Black Riders Liberation Party, 
Washitaw Nation 
Republic of Texas 
Vermont Republic 
Second Vermont Republic [118] [119] 
Spain as an autonomous community [122] [123] 
United States Virgin Islands [126] or Unification with the 
British Virgin Islands 
Bermuda 
Cayman Islands British Virgin Islands or Unification with the United States Virgin Islands Secession is the formal withdrawal of a group from a political entity. The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession. A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal is the creation of a new state or entity independent of the group or territory from which it seceded. Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals.
Separatism is the advocacy of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, regional, governmental, or gender separation from the larger group. As with secession, separatism conventionally refers to full political separation. Groups simply seeking greater autonomy are usually not considered separatists. Some discourse settings equate separatism with religious segregation, racial segregation, or sex segregation, while other discourse settings take the broader view that separation by choice may serve useful purposes and is not the same as government-enforced segregation. There is some academic debate about this definition, and in particular how it relates to secessionism, as has been discussed online.
Regionalism is a political ideology that seeks to increase the political power, influence and self-determination of the people of one or more subnational regions. It focuses on the "development of a political or social system based on one or more" regions, and/or the national, normative, or economic interests of a specific region, group of regions or another subnational entity, gaining strength from or aiming to strengthen the "consciousness of and loyalty to a distinct region with a homogeneous population", similarly to nationalism. More specifically, "regionalism refers to three distinct elements: movements demanding territorial autonomy within unitary states; the organization of the central state on a regional basis for the delivery of its policies including regional development policies; political decentralization and regional autonomy".
There have been various movements within Canada for secession.
Western alienation, in the context of Canadian politics, refers to the notion that the Western provinces—British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba—have been marginalized within Confederation, particularly compared to Central Canada, which consists of Canada's two most populous provinces, Ontario and Quebec. Expressions of western alienation frequently allege that Eastern Canada is politically over-represented and receives out-sized economic benefits at the expense of western Canadians.
The Cascadia movement is a bioregional independence movement based in the Cascadia bioregion of western North America. Potential boundaries differ, with some drawn along existing political state and provincial lines, and others drawn along larger ecological, cultural, political, and economic boundaries.
Secession in China refers to several secessionist movements in the People's Republic of China. Many current separatist movements in China arise from the country's ethnic issues. Some of the factors that have created these ethnic issues include history, nationalism, economic and political disparity, religion, and other factors. China has historically had tensions between the majority Han and other minority ethnic groups, particularly in rural and border regions. Historically, other ruling ethnicities, such as the Manchu of the early-Qing dynasty, experienced ethnic issues as well.
The Maverick Party, formerly known as Wexit Canada, is a Canadian federal political party. It advocates for constitutional changes to benefit, or the independence of, Western Canada, which includes British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. The party has its roots in Alberta separatism and advocates the use of grassroots politics.
This article relates to historical and current separatist movements within Australia. Separatism conventionally refers to full political separation, including secessionism; groups simply seeking greater autonomy are not separatist as such.
Separatism in the Philippines refers to bids for secession or greater autonomy for certain areas in the Philippines. The scope of the article includes such efforts since the Philippine Revolution both currently and historical.
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