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French Guiana is not a separate territory but a region of France. France has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments.
For further details see the article: Politics of France.
Most of the French political parties are active in French Guiana.
In addition to these there are a number of regional parties:
Since the December 2015 territorial elections, all the regional parties and the branches of the metropolitan parties hitherto represented in the former regional and general councils have been eliminated from the new Guianese Assembly. Only two lists, both labeled "miscellaneous left" (LDVG) by the Interior Ministry, concurred for the second round, none of them from a party or coalition of parties, both of them including unaffiliated candidates from left and right. Many local officeholders are also "miscellaneous left" or "miscellaneous right". [1] [2]
The history of French Guiana dates back to the period prior to European colonization. Prior to the arrival of the first Europeans, there was no written history in the territory. It was originally inhabited by a number of Native American peoples, among them the Kalina (Caribs), Arawak, Galibi, Palikur, Teko, Wayampi, and Wayana. The first Europeans arrived in the expeditions of Christopher Columbus, shortly before 1500.
French Guiana is not a separate territory but is both an overseas région and overseas department of France, with the same government institutions as areas on the French mainland. The administrative center is Cayenne.
Cayenne is the capital city of French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France located in South America. The city stands on a former island at the mouth of the Cayenne River on the Atlantic coast. The city's motto is "fert aurum industria", which means "work brings wealth". Cayenne is the largest Francophone city of the South American continent.
The Guianese Socialist Party is a socialist political party in the French overseas région of French Guiana, in South America.
Christiane Marie Taubira is a French politician who served as Minister of Justice of France in the governments of Prime Ministers Jean-Marc Ayrault and Manuel Valls under President François Hollande from 2012 until 2016. She was a member of the National Assembly of France for French Guiana from 1993 to 2012 and member of the European Parliament from 1994 to 1999.
The Decolonization and Social Emancipation Movement is a pro-independence political party in French Guiana.
Chantal Berthelot is a French politician, former member of the French National Assembly representing department of French Guiana.
French Guiana is an overseas department and region of France located on the northern coast of South America in the Guianas and the West Indies. Bordered by Suriname to the west and Brazil to the east and south, French Guiana covers a total area of 85,000 km2 (33,000 sq mi) and a land area of 83,534 km2 (32,253 sq mi), and is inhabited by 295,385 people.
The 2nd constituency of French Guiana is a French legislative constituency in the French Guiana département. Comprising the western two-thirds of the département, the 2nd constituency contains the major communes of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni and Kourou.
The 1st constituency of French Guiana is one of two French National Assembly constituencies in the French Guiana département. Located in the eastern third of the department, the constituency contains the capital city of Cayenne.
Rodolphe Alexandre is a French politician from French Guiana. The former Mayor of Cayenne, he was president of the Guiana Assembly, the deliberative assembly of French Guiana, since its establishment on 1 January 2016, until 2021.
Gabriel Serville is a French-Guianese politician who was elected to the French National Assembly on 16 June 2012 representing French Guiana's 1st constituency. On 2 July 2021, he was elected President of the Assembly of French Guiana.
Anarchism in French Guiana has a short, and little recorded, history. The only continental territory in Latin America to remain under European control into the 21st century, Guiana has not seen the same political developments as most countries in the region. Still, anarchism has existed to some degree, mainly through the presence of political prisoners deported to the colony. In the modern era, anarchism has had a minor presence in the Guianan political milieu.
Regional elections were held in France on 6 and 13 December 2015. At stake were the regional councils in metropolitan and overseas France including the Corsican Assembly and inaugural seats in the Assembly of French Guiana and Assembly of Martinique, all for a six-year term. The Departmental Council of Mayotte, which also exercises the powers of a region, was the only region not participating in this election, having already been renewed on 2 April 2015. There were 18 regional presidencies at stake, with 13 in mainland France and Corsica, as well as 5 overseas. Though they do not have legislative autonomy, these territorial collectivities manage sizable budgets. Moreover, regional elections are often taken as a mid-term opinion poll.
A by-election was held in French Guiana's 2nd constituency on 4 March 2018, with a second round on 11 March as no candidate secured a majority of votes in the first round. The by-election was called after the Constitutional Council invalidated the election of Lénaïck Adam, candidate of La République En Marche! (REM), in the June 2017 legislative elections on 8 December 2017.
Regional elections were held in France on 20 June and 27 June 2021. At stake were the regional councils in metropolitan and overseas France including the Corsican Assembly, Assembly of French Guiana and Assembly of Martinique, all for a six-year term. The Departmental Council of Mayotte, which also exercises the powers of a region, also participated in this election, because the departmental elections were held at the same time. Eighteen regional presidencies were at stake, with thirteen in mainland France and Corsica, as well as five overseas. Though they do not have legislative autonomy, these territorial collectivities manage sizable budgets. Moreover, regional elections are often perceived as a mid-term opinion poll. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the regional and departmental elections were postponed, first to 13 and 20 June 2021 and then to 20 and 27 June 2021.
The Guiana Rally is a political party in the French overseas région of French Guiana, in South America.
Marie-Laure Phinéra-Horth is a French politician, who was the first woman from French Guiana to be appointed to the French Senate in 2020. Prior to her role as a senator, she was mayor of Cayenne from 2010.
Davy Rimane is a French politician and labor activist. Rimane was elected to represent French Guiana's 2nd constituency in the 2022 French legislative election. He had previously contested the seat in the 2017 legislation election as well as the 2018 by-election.
