List of political parties in the United States

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by editing the page to add missing items, with references to reliable sources.

This list of political parties in the United States, both past and present, does not include independents.

Not all states allow the public to access voter registration data. Therefore, voter registration data should not be taken as the correct value and should be viewed as an underestimate.

The abbreviations given come from state ballots used in the most recent elections ^[1] and from the parties themselves. Not all political parties have abbreviations.

Party ballot access comes from a variety of sources including Ballotpedia ^[2] and the websites of various state Secretaries of State. ^[3]

Active parties

Major parties

Party			Year founded	Political position	Ideology	Ballot access	Presidential ballot access (2024)	Membership (as of August 21,2025 [update] )	Presidential vote (2024)		Legislators (federal and state)
									Electoral	Popular [4]	Senators [5]	Representatives	State legislators [6]
		Republican Party (R)	1854	Right-wing	Right-wing populism [a] Conservatism	50 / 50 + DC	50 / 50 + DC	38,098,805	312 / 538	77,302,580 (49.8%)	53 / 100	219 / 435	4,031 / 7,383
		Democratic Party (D)	1828	Center-left	Liberalism	50 / 50 + DC	50 / 50 + DC	45,080,952	226 / 538	75,017,613 (48.3%)	47 / 100 [A]	212 / 435	3,271 / 7,383

Third parties

Represented in state legislatures

The following third parties have members in state legislatures affiliated with them.

Party		Year founded	Political position	Ideology	Ballot access	Membership (as of August 21,2025 [update] )	State legislators
	Vermont Progressive Party	1993	Left-wing	Progressivism [7] Democratic socialism [7]	Vermont	Unknown	5 / 7,383 [8]
	Forward Party	2022	Center	Populism Reformism Decentralization	5 / 51 [9]	2,054 [10] [11] [12] [13]	1 / 7,383 [14]

Represented in the Puerto Rican Legislature

The following parties are represented in the Puerto Rican Legislature.

Main article: List of political parties in Puerto Rico

Party		Year founded	Political position	Ideology	President	Gubernatorial vote [15]	Senators [16]	Representatives [16]	Mayors [17]
	New Progressive Party Partido Nuevo Progresista (PNP)	1967 [18]	Center to center-right	Puerto Rico statehood Centrism	Jenniffer González-Colón	524,373 (41.22%)	19 / 28	36 / 53	36 / 78
	Popular Democratic Party Partido Popular Democrático (PPD)	1938 [19]	Center	Pro-Commonwealth Centrism Liberalism Social liberalism Decentralism	Jesús Manuel Ortiz	273,162 (21.47%)	5 / 28	13 / 53	41 / 78
	Puerto Rican Independence Party Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño (PIP)	1946 [18]	Center-left	Puerto Rico independence Progressivism Social democracy Democratic socialism	Juan Dalmau	391,945 (30.81%)	2 / 28	3 / 53	0 / 78
	Project Dignity Proyecto Dignidad	2019	Center-right to right-wing	Christian democracy Anti-corruption Right-wing populism	Javier Jiménez	81,251 (6.39%)	1 / 28	1 / 53	1 / 78

Other parties with ballot access

The following third parties have ballot access in at least one state and are not represented in a national office or state/territorial legislature. ^[20]

Multi-state

The following third parties are multi-state organizations which have ballot access in one or more states.

Party			Year founded	Political position	Ideology	Ballot access [20] [21] [22]	Presidential ballot access (2024)	Membership (as of August 21,2025 [update] ) [23]	Presidential vote (2024) [4]
		Libertarian Party (LIB)	1971 [24]	Syncretic	Libertarianism [25]	33 / 51 [26] [27]	47 / 51	713,526	646,123 (0.418%)
		Green Party (GRE)	2001 [28]	Left-wing	Green politics Eco-socialism	19 / 51	37 / 51	261,259	813,066 (0.526%)
		Constitution Party (CON)	1992 [29]	Far-right	Paleoconservatism Christian right	12 / 51	12 / 51	155,178	54,053 (0.035%) [b]
		No Labels	2010	Center	Centrism	10 / 51	No candidate	110,832	No candidate
		Working Families Party (WFP)	1998 [30]	Left-wing	Social democracy [31] Progressivism	3 / 51 [32]	No candidate	65,386	No candidate
		Alliance Party	2019 [33]	Center-left	Anti-corruption Electoral reform Universal basic income	2 / 51	31 / 51 + DC [B]	Unknown	754,980 (0.49%) [C]
		Legal Marijuana Now Party (LMN)	1998		Marijuana legalization [34]	2 / 51	No candidate	9,671	No candidate
		Working Class Party (WCP)	2016	Left-wing	Socialism [35] Progressivism [35]	2 / 51	No candidate	Unknown	No candidate
		American Solidarity Party (ASP)	2011 [36]	Syncretic Fiscal: Center-left Social: Center-right	Christian democracy [36]	1 / 51	7 / 51	2,698	32,654 (0.021%)
		Approval Voting Party (APV) (AVP)	2016		Electoral reform [37]	1 / 51	1 / 51	5,094	2,196 (0.001%)
		Liberal Party (LPU)	2022	Center	Classical liberalism [38]	1 / 51	1 / 51	18,822	859 (0.0006%)
		Natural Law Party (NLP)	1992	Transcendental	Transcendental Meditation [39]	1 / 51	31 / 51 + DC [B]	5,247	754,980 (0.49%) [C]
		Party for Socialism and Liberation (PSL)	2004 [29]	Far-left	Marxism–Leninism [40] [ needs independent confirmation ]	1 / 51	19 / 51	2,182	154,538 (0.100%) [D]
		Reform Party	1995	Center	Radical centrism [41]	1 / 51	31 / 51 + DC [B]	2,679	754,980 (0.49%) [C]
		Unity Party (UPC) (Colorado affiliate)	2004	Center	Centrism [42]	1 / 51 [c]	No candidate	3,135	No candidate

Single-state/single-territory

Party		Year founded	Political position	Ideology	Membership (as of August 21,2025 [update] ) [d] [23]	Presidential vote (2024) [4]	Ballot access [20]
	American Independent Party (AIP)	1967	Far-right	Paleoconservatism [43]	896,260	754,980 (0.49%) [C]	California
	Independent Party of Oregon (IPO)	2007	Center	Centrism [44]	153,178	No candidate	Oregon
	Peace and Freedom Party (PAF) (PFP)	1967	Left-wing	Socialism [45]	141,785	154,538 (0.10%) [D]	California
	Colorado Center Party	2022 [46]	Center	Centrism	3,698		Colorado [46]
	Conservative Party of New York State	1962	Right-wing	Conservatism [47]	160,125		New York
	Independent Party of Louisiana	2016	Center	Centrism	150,672		Louisiana
	United Kansas	2024	Center	Centrism	805		Kansas
	Oregon Progressive Party (OPP)	2007	Left-wing	Progressivism [48]	3,974	84,588 (0.055%) [E]	Oregon
	Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party (GMPJP)	1970	Left-wing	Democratic socialism [49]	Unknown	84,588 (0.055%) [E]	Vermont
	Alaskan Independence Party (AIP)	1978 [50]	Center-right to right-wing	Alaskan nationalism [51]	19,175		Alaska
	Independent Party of Delaware (IDE) (IPoD)	2000	Center-right	Fiscal conservatism Laissez-faire Environmentalism	12,046		Delaware
	Independent American Party (UIAP)	1993	Far-right	Ultraconservatism [52]	74,397		Utah
	Ecology Party of Florida	2008 [53]		Environmentalism	3,264		Florida
	Independent Party of Florida (IPF)	1993	Center		276,467		Florida
	Aloha ʻĀina Party	2015		Hawaiian sovereignty [54]	Unknown		Hawaii
	United Citizens Party (UC) (UCP)	1969	Center-left to left-wing	Progressivism Black nationalism	Unknown	84,588 (0.055%) [E]	South Carolina
	South Carolina Workers Party (SCWP)	2023	Left-wing	Laborism	Unknown	154,538 (0.100%) [D]	South Carolina
	Citizens' Victory Movement Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana	2019	Left-wing	Anti-colonialism Anti-neoliberalism Anti-corruption Environmentalism Progressivism Social democracy	Unknown		Puerto Rico

Active parties without ballot access

The following parties have been active in the past 4 years, but as of December 2021, did not have official ballot access in any state. ^[20]

Multi-state

Party		Year founded	Political position	Ideology	Membership (as of August 21,2025 [update] ) [23]	Presidential vote (2024) [4]
	Socialist Workers Party (SWP)	1938	Far-left	Communism Fidelismo Zionism	777	4,118 (0.003%)
	Prohibition Party (P) (PRO)	1869	Syncretic Social: Center-right Fiscal: Center-left	Temperance Christian democracy Social conservatism	22	1,144 (0.0007%)
	Socialist Equality Party (SEP)	1966	Far-left	Trotskyism Communism Revolutionary socialism	Unknown	4,638 (0.003%)
	Socialist Party USA (SOC) (SPUSA)	1973 [29]	Left-wing	Democratic socialism Radical democracy Socialist feminism Eco-socialism	9,061	361 (0.0002%)
	United States Pirate Party (USPP)	2006	Syncretic	Pirate politics Civil libertarianism Direct democracy	721	914 (0.0006%)
	Revolutionary Communists of America (RCI)	2024	Far-left	Marxism Leninism Trotskyism	Unknown
	Communist Party USA (CPUSA)	1919	Far-left	Communism Marxism–Leninism Bill of Rights socialism	Unknown
	American Communist Party (ACP)	2024	Syncretic	Marxism-Leninism MAGA Communism American–Canadian unionism	Unknown
	Progressive Labor Party (PLP)	1962	Far-left	Anti-revisionism Stalinism	Unknown
	Socialist Alternative	1986	Far-left	Marxism Revolutionary socialism Trotskyism	Unknown
	Workers World Party (WWP)	1959	Far-left	Communism Marxism–Leninism Anti-Imperialism	Unknown
	Freedom Socialist Party (FSP)	1966	Far-left	Trotskyism Revolutionary socialism Socialist feminism	Unknown
	American Freedom Party	2009 [55]	Far-right	American nationalism Paleoconservatism Right-wing populism White nationalism Anti-immigration	Unknown
	Socialist Action	1983	Far-left	Trotskyism [56]	Unknown
	Transhumanist Party	2014		Libertarian transhumanism Extropianism Technogaianism	Unknown
	Christian Liberty Party (CLP)	2000	Far-right	Christian right Christian nationalism Ultraconservatism	Unknown
	People's Party	2017	Syncretic	Populism Non-interventionism	Unknown

Single-state

Party		Year founded	Political position	Ideology	Membership (as of August 21,2025 [update] ) [23]	Presidential vote (2024) [4]	Year lost access	Seeking access	Ballot access
	Common Sense Party of California	2019	Center	Centrism	17,039		Never had		California
	Green Party of Alaska (GPAK)	1990	Left-wing	Green politics [57]	1,522	3,284 (0.002%)		As of May 2022 [58]	Alaska
	California National Party	2015	Center-left	Californian nationalism [59] Social democracy	Unknown				California
	California Freedom Coalition	2017	Big tent	Californian secessionism		Unknown			California
	Grassroots–Legalize Cannabis Party (G-LC)	2014	Left-wing	Marijuana legalization [60]	Unknown		2022 [61]		Minnesota
	Liberal Party of New York	1944	Center-left	Liberalism [62]	Unknown		2002		New York
	Moderate Party of Rhode Island	2007	Center	Centrism [63]	Unknown		2018		Rhode Island
	Green Party of Rhode Island (GPRI)	1992	Left-wing	Green politics [64]	Unknown				Rhode Island
	Independent Greens of Virginia	2005	Center-right	Green conservatism [65]	Unknown				Virginia
	Washington Progressive Party (WAPP)	2002	Left-wing	Progressivism [66]	Unknown				Washington
	Progressive Dane	1992	Left-wing	Progressivism [67]	Unknown				Wisconsin
	Moderate Party	2022	Center	Centrism [68]	Unknown		Never had	As of June 2022	New Jersey
	New York State Right to Life Party	1970	Right-wing	Anti-abortion	40,278		1978	2002	New York

Historical parties

The following parties are no longer functioning.

Held national office or elected to Congress

Party		Created	Disbanded	Years in national office	Ideology	Other names	Mergers/Splits
	Federalist Party	1789	1824	1789–1825	Classical conservatism [69]
	Anti-Administration party	1789	1792	1789–1792	Anti-Federalism [70]		Merged into: Democratic-Republican Party in 1792
	Democratic-Republican Party	1792	1825	1792–1825	Jeffersonianism [71]	Republican Party, Democratic Party	Split into: Democratic Party and National Republican Party
	National Republican Party	1825	1837	1825–1837	Classical conservatism [72]	Anti-Jacksonian Party, Adams-Clay Republicans	Merged into: Whig Party
	Anti-Masonic Party	1828	1838	1829–1839	Anti-Masonry [73]		Merged into: Whig Party
	Nullifier Party	1828	1839	1831–1839	Nullification [74]
	Whig Party	1833	1854	1837–1857	Traditionalist conservatism [75]
	Law and Order Party of Rhode Island	1840	1848	1843–1845	Anti-Dorr Rebellion [76]	Charterites	Merged into: Whig Party
	Liberty Party	1840	1848	1845–1849	Abolitionism [77]		Merged into: Free Soil Party and Republican Party
	Know Nothing Party	1844	1860	1845–1860	Nativism [78]		Merged into: Constitutional Union Party (South) and Republican Party (North)
	Free Soil Party	1848	1855	1849–1857	Abolitionism [79]		Merged into: Republican Party
	Union Party	1850	1853	1851–1853	Conditional unionism [80]
	Opposition Party (Northern)	1854	1858	1855–1857	Abolitionism [81]		Merged into: Republican Party
	Opposition Party (Southern)	1858	1860	1859–1860	Pro-slavery [82]		Merged into: Constitutional Union Party
	Constitutional Union Party	1860	1860	1860	Southern unionism [83]	Unionist Party	Merged into: Unconditional Union Party
	Unconditional Union Party	1861	1866	1860–1866	American unionism [84]	Union Party	Merged into: National Union Party
	Liberal Republican Party	1871	1875	1871–1875	Classical liberalism [85]		Merged into: Republican Party and Democratic Party
	Anti-Monopoly Party	1874	1886	1873–1881	Progressivism [86]		Merged into: People's Party (1892)
	Greenback Party	1874	1884	1879–1889	Currency reform [87]		Merged into: People's Party (1892)
	Readjuster Party	1870	1885	1881–1889	Left-wing populism [88]
	Labor Party			1887–1891
	People's Party (1892)	1892	1908	1892–1903	Populism [89]	Populist Party	Merged into: Democratic Party
	Silver Party	1892	1902	1893–1902	Bimetalism [90]		Merged into: Democratic Party
	Silver Republican Party	1896	1900	1897–1900	Bimetalism [91]		Merged into: Republican Party
	Socialist Party of America	1901	1972	1911–1913 1915–1919 1921–1929	Democratic socialism [92]		Splinter parties: Nonpartisan League (1915) National Party (1917) Communist Party USA (1919) Proletarian Party of America (1920) American Labor Party (1936) Social Democratic Federation (1936) Final split: (1972–1973) Socialist Party USA, Social Democrats, USA, and Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee
	Progressive Party (1912)	1912	1920	1913–1919	Progressivism [93]	Bull Moose Party	Merged into: Republican Party
	Farmer–Labor Party	1920	1936	1919–1921 1923–1945	Social democracy [94]		Merged into: Democratic Party
	Wisconsin Progressive Party	1934	1946	1935–1946	Wisconsin Idea		Merged into: Republican Party
	National Progressives of America	1938	1946	1938–1946	Progressivism Non-interventionism		Merged into: Republican Party
	American Labor Party (1936)	1936	1956	1939–1951	Social democracy [95]
	Nonpartisan League	1915	1956	1917–1959	Democratic socialism Agrarianism [96]	NPL	Merged into: North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party [97]

Multi-state political parties

Party		Created	Disbanded	Ideology	Other names	Mergers/Splits
	American Republican Party (1843)	1843	1845	Nativism [98]		Merged into: American Party (1844)
	Democratic-Republican Party (1844)	1844	1844	Texas annexation [99]		Merged into: Democratic Party
	Southern Rights Party	1850	1854			Split into: Democratic Party and Whig Party Merged into: Democratic Party
	National Union Party	1864	1868	American unionism [100]	Union Party	Merged into: Republican Party
	Radical Democratic Party	1864	1864	Abolitionism [101]		Merged into: Republican Party
	Socialist Labor Party of America	1876	2011	De Leonism [102]	Workingmen's Party of the United States
	National Democratic Party	1896	1900	Gold standard [103]	Gold Democrats	Split into: Democratic Party Merged into: Democratic Party
	Social Democracy of America	1897	1900	Utopian socialism [104]		Merged into: Social Democratic Party
	United Christian Party	1897	1928	Theocracy Christian conservatism Direct democracy
	Social Democratic Party	1898	1901	Democratic socialism [105]		Merged into: Socialist Party of America
	Independence Party	1906	1914	Progressivism [106]	Independence League
	Single Tax Party	1910	1920s	Georgism [107]	Land Value Tax Party, Commonwealth Land Party
	National Woman's Party	1913	1930	Feminism
	Nonpartisan League	1915	1956	Agrarianism [108]		Splits from: Socialist Party of America Merged into: North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party
	National Party	1917	1919	Social democracy Progressivism Pro-war patriotism		Splits from: Socialist Party of America
	Labor Party of the United States	1919	1920	Social democracy [109]		Merged into: Farmer–Labor Party
	Proletarian Party of America	1920	1971	Communism [110]		Splits from: Socialist Party of America
	Workers Party of America	1921	1929	Marxism–Leninism	Communist Party USA
	American Party (1924)	1924	1924	Nativism [111]
	Progressive Party (1924)	1924	1924	Progressivism [112]		Merged into: Wisconsin Progressive Party
	Communist League of America	1928	1934	Trotskyism [113]		Split from: Communist Party USA
	American Labor Party (1932)	1932	1935	De Leonism [114]		Split from: Industrial Union Party
	Industrial Union Party	1933	1950	De Leonism		Split from: Socialist Labor Party of America
	American Workers Party	1933	1934	Trotskyism [115]		Merged into: Workers Party of the United States
	Workers Party of the United States	1934	1938	Trotskyism [116]		Merged into: Socialist Party of America
	Union Party	1935	1936	Distributism [117]
	America First Party (1943)	1944	1947	Isolationism [118]
	American Vegetarian Party	1947	1967
	States' Rights Democratic Party	1948	1948	Segregationism [119]	Dixiecrats	Split from: Democratic Party
	Progressive Party (1948)	1948	1955	Progressivism [120]		Split from: Democratic Party
	Constitution Party (1952)	1952	1970s	Paleoconservatism [121]	Christian Nationalist Party
	National States' Rights Party	1958	1987	Neo-fascism
	American Party (1969)	1969	2008	Paleoconservatism [122]
	Raza Unida Party	1970	2012	Chicanismo [123]
	People's Party (1971)	1971	1976	Democratic socialism [124]
	U.S. Labor Party	1975	1979	LaRouchism [125]
	Citizens Party	1979	1984	Progressivism [126]
	New Alliance Party	1979	1992	Left-wing populism [127]
	Populist Party (1984)	1984	1996	White nationalism [128]
	Grassroots Party	1986	2012	Marijuana legalization
	Greens/Green Party USA	1991	2019	Ecopolitics [129]	Green Committees of Correspondence
	Labor Party	1996	2007	Social democracy [130]
	Southern Party	1999	2003	Southern nationalism [131]
	Boston Tea Party	2006	2012	Libertarianism [132]
	Independence Party of America	2007	2013	Centrism [133]
	Modern Whig Party	2008 [134]	2019 [134]	Conservative liberalism [135]		Merged into: Alliance Party [134]
	U.S. Marijuana Party	2002	2016?	Cannabis legalisation Civil libertarianism
	Rent Is Too Damn High Party	2005	2015	Populism Social welfare Anti-tax
	Justice Party	2011	2024	Progressivism [136]
	Serve America Movement	2017	2022	Big tent [137]		Merged into: Forward Party [138]

Single-state political parties

The following parties were active in a single state only.

Party		Created	Disbanded	Ideology	Other names	Mergers/Splits	State
	Toleration Party	1816	1828	Secularism [139]	American Party	Merged into: Democratic Party	Connecticut
	Working Men's Party	1829	1831	Owenism [140]		Merged into: Locofoco faction of the Democratic Party	New York
	Anti-Mormon Party	1841	1844				Illinois
	Independent Anti-Mormon Party of Oneida County	1870s	1880s				Idaho
	People's Party	1870	1891	Mormonism [141]			Utah
	Liberal Party	1870	1893	Anti-clericalism [142]			Utah
	Independent Reform Party	1874	1874				Illinois
	Independent Party	1884	1884				Florida
	Home Rule Party of Hawaii	1900	1912	Hawaiian nationalism [143]		Merged into: Republican Party	Hawaii
	American Party (1904)	1904	1911				Utah
	American Party (1914)	1914	1916			Split from: Democratic Party	New York
	Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party	1918	1944	Populism [144]		Merged into: Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party	Minnesota
	Progressive Democratic Party	1944	1948	Progressivism [145]		Split from: Democratic Party	South Carolina
	Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party	1964	1964	Desegregation [146]		Merged into: Democratic Party	Mississippi
	Lowndes County Freedom Organization	1965	1970	Racial equality	Lowndes County Freedom Party	Merged into: Democratic Party	Alabama
	Third Party for America	1966	1968				Alabama
	Choctaw Youth Movement	1969	1975	Choctaw nationalism			Oklahoma
	Libertarian Party of Virginia	1974	2022 [27]	Libertarianism [25]			Virginia
	Labor–Farm Party of Wisconsin	1982	1987	Left-wing populism [147]			Wisconsin
	Illinois Solidarity Party	1986	2007	Anti-LaRouchism [148]		Split from: Democratic Party	Illinois
	Republican Moderate Party of Alaska	1986	2011	Centrism [149]			Alaska
	A Connecticut Party	1990	1998	Liberalism [150]		Split from: Republican Party	Connecticut
	Independence Party of New York	1991	2022	Centrism [151]			New York
	New Jersey Conservative Party	1992	2009	Conservatism [152]			New Jersey
	Independent Grassroots Party	1996	1998	Marijuana legalization		Split from: Grassroots Party	Minnesota
	Marijuana Reform Party	1998	2002	Marijuana legalization [153]			New York
	Independence Party of Florida	1999	2017				Florida
	Personal Choice Party	2004	2006	Libertarianism [154]			Utah
	Florida Whig Party	2006	2012	Fiscal Conservatism [155]			Florida
	Connecticut for Lieberman	2006	2013	Centrism [156]		Split from: Democratic Party	Connecticut
	Tea Party of Nevada	2010	2010	Tea Party movement		Split from: Republican Party	Nevada
	Taxpayers Party of New York	2010	2011	Conservatism [157]			New York
	Freedom Party of New York	2010	2013	Progressivism [158]			New York
	United Independent Party	2014	2017	Liberalism [159]			Massachusetts
	Women's Equality Party	2014	2018	Feminism [160]			New York
	Bread and Roses Party	2018	2021	Socialism [161]			Maryland

Political parties in the unincorporated territories

The following parties were active in a single territory only.

Party		Created	Disbanded	Ideology	Other names	Mergers/Splits	Territory
	Puerto Rican Nationalist Party	1922	1965	Puerto Rican nationalism [162]			Puerto Rico
	Puerto Rican Socialist Party	1959	1993	Puerto Rican nationalism [163]			Puerto Rico
	Covenant Party	2001	2013 [164]	Populism		Merged into: Republican Party	Northern Mariana Islands
	Working People's Party	2010	2016		Partido del Pueblo Trabajador		Puerto Rico
	Popular Party (Guam)	1949	1964		Commercial Party	Merged into: Democratic Party	Guam
	Territorial Party (Guam)	1956	1966			Merged into: Republican Party	Guam
	Popular Party (Northern Mariana Islands) [165] [166]		1978			Merged into: Democratic Party	Northern Mariana Islands
	Territorial Party (Northern Mariana Islands) [166]					Merged into: Republican Party	Northern Mariana Islands

Non-electoral organizations

Active

These organizations generally do not nominate candidates for election, but some of them have in the past; they otherwise function similarly to political parties.

Political party	Year founded	Former names	Ideology	Mergers/Splits	International affiliations
African People's Socialist Party	1972			Merger of: Junta of Militant Organizations Black Rights Fighters Black Study Group	Uhuru Movement
American Indian Movement	1968		Pan-Indianism
Black Hammer Party	2019		Black nationalism Black separatism Black conservatism Pan-Africanism Trumpism Garveyism Afrocentrism Anti-colonialism Anti-liberalism Anti-communism Anti-Zionism Vaccine hesitancy Russophilia Sakaism
Black Riders Liberation Party	1996 [167]
Charter Committee	1924
Citizens Party of the United States	2004
Committees of Correspondence for Democracy and Socialism	1991
Clan na Gael	1867		Irish republicanism Irish nationalism Irish-American Interests	Successor to the Fenian Brotherhood	IRB (until 1924) Irish Volunteers (until 1918) IRA (until 1969) Provisional IRA (until 2005)
Democratic Socialists of America	1982		Democratic socialism Multi-tendency [ broken anchor ]	Merger of: DSOC, New American Movement	FSP, Progressive International
Freedom Road Socialist Organization	1985				ICS
Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America	1984		Marxism–Leninism Irish republicanism Left-wing nationalism Revolutionary socialism Irish-American Interests		IRSP
National Justice Party	2020		White nationalism
National Labor Federation	1972		Communism
National Socialist Movement	1974		Neo-Nazism Neo-fascism White supremacy Anti-globalism		WUNS
New Afrikan Black Panther Party	2005
New Black Panther Party	1989
News and Letters Committees [ citation needed ]	1955
No Labels	2010
Patriot Front	2017		Neo-fascism American nationalism
Revolutionary Black Panther Party	1992
Revolutionary Communist Party, USA	1975	Revolutionary Union	Maoism
Social Democrats, USA	1972
Spartacist League/U.S. [ citation needed ]	1966				ICL(FI)
World Socialist Party of the United States	1916	Socialist Party of the United States Socialist Educational Society Workers' Socialist Party	Socialism Syndicalism Anti-Leninism Communism Classical Marxism Revolutionary socialism Impossibilism	Split from: Socialist Party of America	WSM

Historical

These historical organizations did not officially nominate candidates for election but may have endorsed or supported campaigns; they otherwise functioned similarly to political parties.

Party		Created	Disbanded	Ideology	Other names	Mergers/Splits
	National Renaissance Party	1949	1981	Neo-Nazism
	American Nazi Party	1959	1983	Neo-Nazism	World Union of Free Enterprise National Socialists, National Socialist White People's Party, New Order (successor organization)	Split into: National Socialist Party of America, National Alliance, National Socialist Movement, and New Order.
	Patriot Party	1960	1980	Socialism [168]		Split from: Young Patriots Organization
	Black Panther Party	1966	1982	Black nationalism [169]
	Youth International Party	1967	1967	Anarcho-socialism [170]	Yippies
	Marxist–Leninist Party, USA	1967	1993	Marxism–Leninism [171]
	Red Guard Party	1969	1973	Maoism
	Communist Workers Party	1969	1985	Maoism [172]
	National Socialist Party of America	1970	1981	Neo-Nazism		Split from: American Nazi Party
	National Amerindianist American Redman's Party	1972	1976	Third Worldism, Socialism
	National Alliance	1974	2013	Neo-Nazism		Split from: American Nazi Party
	New Union Party	1974	2005	De Leonism [173]
	International Socialist Organization	1977	2019	Trotskyism [174]
	White Patriot Party	1980	1987	White supremacy	Carolina Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Confederate Knights of the Ku Klux Klan
	New Party	1992	1998	Progressivism [175]
	Traditionalist Worker Party	2013	2018	Neo-Nazism [176]

Party registration

Officially recognized parties in states are not guaranteed have ballot access, membership numbers of some parties with ballot access are not tracked, and vice versa. Not all of these parties are active, and not all states record voter registration by party. Boxes in gray mean that the specific party's registration is not reported.

Political party registration by state

State/DC	As of	DEM	REP	LIB	GRN	CST	NLB	RFM	WFP	Others	Unaffiliated	Total
Alaska	April 3, 2024 [177]	73,637	143,100	6,654	–	776	–			21,232 [e]	346,110	591,509
Arizona	April 2024 [178]	1,192,205	1,434,982	31,164	2,796	–	27,539	–		1,369,634		4,058,320
Arkansas	May 3, 2024 [179]	86,231	131,647	700	104	–				1	1,543,863	1,762,546
California	February 20, 2024 [180]	10,285,108	5,388,479	240,618	102,659	271	42,039	–		1,195,512 [f]	4,822,647	22,077,333
Colorado	May 1, 2024 [181]	1,006,438	903,079	37,315	8,280	11,245	7,969	–		9,413 [g]	1,850,286	3,834,112
Connecticut	May 16, 2024 [182]	798,205	466,908	2,996	1,350	–			298	29,155 [h]	919,524	2,218,436
Delaware	May 1, 2024 [183]	350,955	205,909	2,028	718	238	1,768	47	314	15,130 [i]	197,529	774,636
Washington, D.C.	August 2022 [184]	379,489	26,567	2,290	3,855	–					82,556	494,757
Florida	February 20, 2024 [185]	4,363,490	5,214,907	35,445	7,712	14,833	7,498	–		266,493 [j]	3,539,382	13,449,760
Idaho	August 2022 [184]	129,550	577,507	11,147	–	4,036	–				275,271	997,511
Iowa	November 1, 2022 [186]	597,120	681,871	12,100	2,966	–					555,988	1,850,045
Kansas	April 30, 2024 [187]	503,972	874,132	24,151	–		39	–			563,482	1,965,776
Kentucky	April 15, 2024 [188]	1,511,242	1,615,451	16,391	2,403	1,376	–	209	–	190,063 [k]	153,870	3,491,005
Louisiana	November 7, 2023 [189]	1,133,813	1,021,571	15,839	2,583	154	2,296	823	–	130,273 [l]	665,154	2,979,345
Maine	March 5, 2024 [190]	341,925	281,904	5,236	36,724	–	9,677	–			275,560	951,026
Maryland	March 2024 [191]	2,208,095	994,529	18,836	–		234	–		54,299	909,180	4,185,173
Massachusetts	May 3, 2024 [192]	1,336,825	415,438	–	3,599	292	–	113	722	36,484 [m]	3,132,433	4,925,906
Nebraska	May 1, 2024 [193]	330,657	605,466	18,036	–					6,684 [n]	271,568	1,232,411
Nevada	May 1, 2024 [194]	708,432	654,182	20,967	–					48,105	794,532	2,329,718
New Hampshire	March 29, 2024 [195]	260,281	304,375	–							325,930	890,586
New Jersey	June 1, 2024 [196]	2,496,054	1,563,771	25,174	11,498	12,989	–	1,550	–	28,084 [o]	2,422,574	6,561,694
New Mexico	April 30, 2024 [197]	577,692	415,653	–						27,443 [p]	315,390	1,336,178
New York	February 27, 2024 [198]	6,404,069	2,903,144	–					54,678	572,778 [q]	3,173,678	13,108,347
North Carolina	May 1, 2024 [199]	2,404,692	2,234,315	50,119	2,056	0 (New)	7,752	–			2,743,054	7,441,988
Oklahoma	April 30, 2024 [200]	649,432	1,214,774	22,365	–						449,488	2,336,059
Oregon	August 2022 [184]	1,014,041	730,765	20,865	7,820	–			8,364	141,185 [r]	1,031,392	2,958,277
Pennsylvania	April 29, 2024 [201]	3,895,223	3,499,524	42,919	10,326	–					1,273,199	8,721,191
Rhode Island	May 2024 [202]	281,725	103,268	–							338,629	723,622
South Dakota	May 1, 2024 [203]	144,243	303,722	2,923	–		22	–		945	149,935	601,790
Utah	August 18, 2025 [204]	283,142	1,023,396	24,282	793	8,184	11,216	–		93,904 [s]	588,657	2,033,574
West Virginia	May 4, 2024 [205]	358,056	477,549	10,800	2,542	–				39,412	292,963	1,181,322
Wyoming	May 4, 2024 [206]	23,787	178,387	1,057	–	343	13	–			15,875	219,462

Parties by number of registered voters

• Democratic Party – 46,121,872
• Republican Party – 36,556,705
• American Independent Party – 834,730
• Libertarian Party – 704,455
• Independent Party of Florida – 234,524
• Green Party – 210,053
• Conservative Party of New York State – 164,826
• Peace and Freedom Party – 138,238
• Independent Party of Oregon – 137,972
• Independent Party of Louisiana – 136,125
• No Labels – 109,920
• American Independent Party of Nevada – 103,500
• Independent American Party of Utah – 90,902
• Working Families Party – 64,674
• Constitution Party – 46,553
• Liberal Party – 31,343
• Independent Party of Connecticut – 29,136
• Common Sense Party – 22,029
• Conservative Party of Florida – 17,595
• Alaskan Independence Party – 18,683
• Conservative Party of New Jersey – 14,639
• United Independent Party – 14,469
• Independent Party of Delaware – 10,722
• Constitution Party of Utah – 8,475
• Socialist Party of New Jersey – 7,856
• Nebraska Legal Marijuana NOW Party – 6,684
• Natural Law Party – 5,668
• Boricua Party – 5,068
• Approval Voting Party – 4,721
• Forward Party – 4,716
• Constitution Party of Oregon – 3,845
• We the People Party – 3,445
• Oregon Progressive Party – 3,213
• Unity Party – 3,134
• Coalition With a Purpose – 2,936
• Ecology Party of Florida – 2,881
• Reform Party – 2,742
• Party for Socialism and Liberation – 1,827
• Socialist Party – 1,700
• Socialist Party of Massachusetts – 1,615
• Colorado Center Party – 1,558
• Green Party of Alaska – 1,520
• People's Party – 1,212
• Conservative Party of Louisiana – 794
• Conservative Party of Delaware – 790
• Socialist Workers Party – 727
• Liberal Party of Delaware – 682
• American Party of Delaware – 520
• American Solidarity Party – 568
• American Delta Party – 462
• Alaska Moderate Party – 388
• Progressive Party of Alaska – 253
• Patriot's Party of Alaska – 219
• Workers Party of Massachusetts – 183
• OWL – 96
• Mandalorians – 92
• Blue Enigma Party – 81
• Alliance Party – 62
• Normal Party of California – 24
• Prohibition Party – 19
• Moderate Party of California – 18
• One Party – 15
• FreedomReform Party – 8
• Ring of Truth Party – 6
• Hogwash Party – 5
• Aurora Party – 3
• Ohio Reform Party - 1
• Unaffiliated/Independent – 34,006,350

See also

• Political parties in the United States
• List of frivolous political parties
• List of ruling political parties by country
• List of political parties in Puerto Rico
• List of state parties of the Democratic Party (United States)
• List of state Green Parties in the United States
• List of state parties of the Libertarian Party (United States)
• List of state parties of the Republican Party (United States)
• Party system
• Political party strength in U.S. states
• Politics of the United States
• Third party (U.S. politics)
• Two-party system

Notes

Notes

1. Includes Trumpism
2. The Constitution Party had two candidates running for the 2024 presidential election—one which was nominated by the party and one which was nominated by the Constitution Party dissidents.
3. Disaffiliated
4. See membership table below
5. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
   • Alaskan Independence – 18,683
   • Green Party of Alaska (unaffiliated) – 1,520
   • Alaska Moderate – 388
   • Progressive – 253
   • Patriot's – 219
   • OWL – 96
   • Alliance – 62
   • FreedomReform – 8
   • Aurora – 3
6. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
   • American Independent Party – 834,730
   • Peace and Freedom Party – 138,238
   • Common Sense Party – 22,029
   • We the People – 3,251
   • Solidarity – 465
   • Normal – 24
   • Moderate – 18
   • One – 15
   • Ring of Truth – 6
   • Hogwash – 5
   • Others – 97,075
   • Unknown – 99,756
7. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
   • Approval Voting – 4,721
   • Colorado Center – 1,558
   • Forward – 87
   • Unity – 3,134
8. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
   • Independent Party of Connecticut – 29,136
   • We the People – 19
9. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
   • Independent Party of Delaware – 10,722
   • Conservative Party of Delaware – 790
   • Liberal Party of Delaware – 682
   • American – 520
   • American Delta – 462
   • Socialist Workers – 135
   • Mandalorians – 92
   • Blue Enigma – 81
   • Natural Law – 79
   • Other – 1,392
10. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
    • Independent Party of Florida – 234,524
    • Conservative Party of Florida– 17,595
    • Boricua – 5,068
    • Coalition With a Purpose – 2,936
    • Ecology – 2,881
    • Socialism and Liberation – 1,821
    • People's – 1,212
    • Forward – 456
11. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
    • Socialist Workers – 592
    • Reform – 209
    • Others – 189,471
12. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
    • Independent Party of Louisiana – 136,125
    • Conservative Party of Louisiana – 794
    • Socialist – 85
    • American Solidarity – 103
    • Socialism and Liberation – 5
13. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
    • Libertarian Association (unaffiliated) – 16,307
    • United Independent Party – 14,469
    • Socialist Party – 1,615
    • Workers Party – 183
    • Prohibition Party – 19
14. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
    • Legal Marijuana Now Party – 6,684
15. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
    • Conservative Party – 14,639
    • Socialist Party – 7,856
    • Natural Law Party – 5,589
16. • Libertarian Party (unaffiliated) – 15,036
    • Others – 12,407
17. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
    • Conservative Party – 164,826
    • Others – 407,952
18. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
    • Independent Party of Oregon – 137,972
    • Oregon Progressive Party – 3,213
    • Others – 16,703
19. "Other" political affiliations listed as follows:
    • Independent American Party – 90,902
    • Forward Party – 3,002

1. Includes two Independent Senators who both caucus with the Democratic Party. ^[5]
2. The Alliance Party originally nominated Robert F. Kennedy Jr, who later dropped out. However, he remained on the ballot in other states. Kennedy was nominated by several parties.
3. The party's candidate, Robert F. Kennedy Jr, dropped out before the election. However, votes were still cast for him. Votes counted in a fusion ticket.
4. Votes counted as part of a fusion ticket.
5. The party endorsed Cornel West. Votes counted in a fusion ticket.

Footnotes

1. "Official 2024 Presidential General Election Results" (PDF). Federal Electoral Commission. January 16, 2025. Retrieved January 17, 2025.
2. "List of political parties in the United States".
3. "Political Party Web Site Links". Alabama Secretary of State. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
   "Political Parties and Groups in Alaska". Division of Elections. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
   "Information about Political Parties". Arizona Secretary of State. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
   "Qualified Political Parties". California Secretary of State. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
   "Political Party Directory". Colorado Secretary of State. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
   "Minor Parties in Connecticut". CT.gov. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
   "Candidate List". Delaware Elections. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
   "Political Parties". Florida Department of State. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
   "Political Parties". Hawaii.gov. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
   "Forming a Political Party in Iowa". Iowa Secretary of State. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
   "Louisiana Political Parties" (PDF). Louisiana Secretary of State. August 2025. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Candidate Information". Kansas Secretary of State. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
   "Voter Registration - Introduction". Maryland State Board of Elections. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Directory of Political Parties and Designations". Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Ballot Access". Michigan Department of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Petition Manual: New Political Party Qualification" (PDF). Michigan Department of State. February 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Elections and Voting". Office of the Minnesota Secretary of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Political Party Contact Information". Missouri Secretary of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Political Parties". Montana Secretary of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Party Affiliation". Nebraska Secretary of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Organized Political Parties". Nevada Secretary of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "NM Political Party Information". New Mexico Secretary of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Choosing Your Party Affiliation". North Carolina State Board of Elections. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Political Parties". North Dakota Secretary of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Political Parties". Oklahoma State Election Board. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Political Parties". Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Voter Registration Application". Department of State (Pennsylvania). Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Certified Political Parties of South Carolina". South Carolina Election Commission. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Recognized Political Parties". South Dakota Secretary of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "More information on Utah's Political Parties". Vote.Utah.gov. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Parties and Party Organization". Vermont Secretary of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Political Committees". Virginia Department of Elections. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Recognized Political Parties". Secretary of State (West Virginia). Retrieved September 16, 2025.
   "Election Information". Wyoming Secretary of State. Retrieved September 16, 2025.
4. "Presidential Election Results: Trump Wins". The New York Times . November 5, 2024. Retrieved December 4, 2024.
5. "U.S. Senate: Party Division". United States Senate. Archived from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved May 12, 2019.
6. "State Partisan Composition". National Conference of State Legislatures. April 1, 2019. Archived from the original on February 18, 2019. Retrieved May 12, 2019.
7. Elliott-Negri, Luke (August 2, 2016). "Lessons From Vermont". Jacobin. Retrieved June 12, 2022.
8. "ELECTED PROGRESSIVES". The Vermont Progressive Party. January 12, 2023.
9. "Forward Party". June 16, 2024. Retrieved November 25, 2024.
10. "Report of Registration – February 10, 2025". Secretary of State of California.
11. Winger, Richard (October 16, 2024). "New Florida Registration Data". Ballot Access News. Retrieved January 16, 2025.
12. "2025 Voter Registration Statistics". Colorado Secretary of State.
13. "Current Voter Registration Statistics". Utah Voter Information.
14. Fox, Derick (March 7, 2025). "Sen. Dan Thatcher leaves Republican party for Utah Forward party". ABC4. Retrieved March 7, 2025.
15. "Puerto Rico gubernatorial election, 2024". Ballotpedia. Retrieved December 28, 2021.
16. "Puerto Rico Legislative Assembly". Ballotpedia. Retrieved December 28, 2021.
17. "List of current mayors of Puerto Rico". Ballotpedia. Retrieved December 28, 2021.
18. Ramos, Tatiana Mena (October 13, 2020). "Which Political Parties are Competing for the Governorship of Puerto Rico?". BELatina. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
19. "Political Parties of Puerto Rico, Founded 1898 through 1945*| US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
20. "List of political parties in the United States". ballotpedia.org. Retrieved May 28, 2022.
21. "State Board Recognizes Green Party as NC Political Party".
22. Winger, Richard (May 6, 2024). "April 2024 Ballot Access News Print Edition". Ballot Access News. Retrieved May 11, 2024.
23. Winger, Richard (August 21, 2025). "August 2025 Ballot Access News Print Edition". Ballot Access News. Retrieved September 9, 2025.
24. Martin, Douglas (November 22, 2010). "David Nolan, 66, Is Dead; Started Libertarian Party". The New York Times . Archived from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
25. Segal, Cheryl (May 27, 2016). "5 things the Libertarian Party stands for". The Hill . Archived from the original on August 16, 2018. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
26. Johnston, Bob (November 9, 2020). "Ballot Access Update". Libertarian Party . Retrieved August 26, 2022.
27. Doherty, Brian (September 15, 2022). "Libertarian Party Faces State Rebellions". Reason . Retrieved September 24, 2022.
28. "Green Party Founding". www.c-span.org. C-SPAN. July 30, 2001. Archived from the original on May 16, 2017. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
29. Feinauer, J.J. (January 16, 2014). "Want to support a third party? Here are your options". Deseret News . Archived from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
30. "Ballot Access News -- June 1, 2006". www.ballot-access.org. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
31. Meyerson, Harold (November 11, 2014). "Meet the Working Families Party, Whose Ballot Line is in Play in New York". Prospect. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
32. "Working Families Party - Fighting for an America that works for the many, not the few". Working Families Party. Retrieved September 4, 2025.
33. "How We Formed". Alliance Party. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
34. Brash, Jim (April 20, 2016). "Q & A with the Legal Marijuana Now Party of Minnesota". The North Star. Archived from the original on May 10, 2017.
35. Perkins, William; Travis, Jordan (November 4, 2022). "In northern Michigan, some third-party candidates seek to break the mold". Traverse City Record-Eagle. Retrieved June 27, 2023.
36. Cimmino, Jeff (August 7, 2017). "The American Solidarity Party Charts Its Own Path". National Review. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
37. Luning, Ernst (October 2, 2019). "Colorado's Approval Voting Party achieves minor party status". Colorado Politics. Archived from the original on August 20, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
38. "Introducing the Association of Liberty State Parties" (PDF). LPNM. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
39. Thomas, Jeff (February 6, 1996). "Natural Law Party advocates meditation as way to peace". Colorado Springs Gazette - Telegraph. p. B.2.
40. "No separate destiny for US workers apart from the workers of the world". International Communist Press. October 1, 2018. Archived from the original on February 16, 2019. Retrieved February 8, 2019.
41. Lind, Michael (December 3, 1995). "The Radical Center or the Moderate Middle?". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved September 12, 2020.
42. "Unity Party Reaches Minor-Party Status in Colorado". Westword. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
43. "Would-be independents joining the American Independent Party could blame California's voter registration card". Los Angeles Times. April 19, 2016. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
44. "INDEPENDENT PARTY'S 2009 LEGISLATIVE AGENDA | Independent Party of Oregon". August 19, 2009. Archived from the original on August 19, 2009. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
45. Wojcik, Nik (October 26, 2016). "Peace and Freedom Party candidate talks socialism". Golden Gate XPress. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
46. Metzger, Hannah (September 8, 2023). "Colorado Center Party becomes state's newest political party". coloradopolitics.com. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
47. Chiusano, Mark (February 1, 2019). "End of a Long era for NY Conservatives". Newsday. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
48. "Oregon Peace Party becomes Progressive Party | Oregon Progressive Party". October 3, 2009. Archived from the original on October 3, 2009. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
49. Young, Jeremy Au (February 26, 2016). "Is socialism now acceptable in the US?". The Straits Times . Archived from the original on December 19, 2016. Retrieved May 14, 2019.
50. Finnegan, Michael (September 3, 2008). "Sarah Palin's ties to Alaskan Independence Party are played down". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved May 14, 2019.
51. Walker, Hunter (September 17, 2014). "American Separatists Are Thrilled About Scotland And Think It Will Lead To A 'Paradigm Shift'". Business Insider . Retrieved May 14, 2019.
52. Coombs, Carlene (July 17, 2022). "Why confusion between registering as independent vs. unaffiliated might be causing this third party to grow". Deseret News . Retrieved December 6, 2024.
53. Penn, Ivan (October 30, 2012). "Ecology Party of Florida to battle over environmental concerns surrounding the Levy County nuclear plant". Tampa Bay Times . Retrieved September 13, 2021.
54. "Could Hawaii see another political party? Aloha Aina hopes to join the mix". www.kitv.com. Archived from the original on October 29, 2019. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
55. "American Freedom Party". Southern Poverty Law Center . Archived from the original on May 11, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
56. "Socialist Equality Party Raises its U.S. Profile: With a History as Left Wreckers and a 19th Century Program, a Group to Beware of". Socialism.com. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
57. Alaska, Green Party of. "Green Party of Alaska". Green Party of Alaska. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
58. "Political Groups". elections.alaska.gov. Alaska Division of Elections. Retrieved May 28, 2022.
59. "This SFSU Calif. Secessionist is Newsom's most fascinating recall foe". June 21, 2021.
60. Featherly, Kevin (August 3, 2018). "Weed backer hopes to smoke competition in AG race". Minnesota Lawyer. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
61. Van Berkel, Jessie (November 12, 2022). "One of Minnesota's marijuana parties loses major party status". Minnesota Star Tribune. Retrieved December 12, 2024.
62. Fois, Bob (March 8, 2006). "Revisionist Politics". News Copy. Archived from the original on April 10, 2008 – via Wayback machine.
63. "Moderate Party | Rhode Island | onPolitix". November 12, 2012. Archived from the original on November 12, 2012. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
64. "Green Party of Rhode Island - ¡Este es tu partido!- This is your party!". www.rigreens.org. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
65. "Policy Endorsements". Independent Greens of Virginia. September 1, 2013. Retrieved October 2, 2014.
66. "Washington Progressive Party - About". waprogressiveparty.org. Archived from the original on July 6, 2020. Retrieved January 1, 2022.
67. Luce, Stephanie (July 28, 2017). "What Happens If We Win?". Jacobin .
68. Hounshell, Blake (June 7, 2022). "New Jersey Centrists Seek to Legalize Their Dream: The Moderate Party". The New York Times. Retrieved November 26, 2022.
69. Viereck, Peter (1956). Conservative Thinkers: From John Adams to Winston Churchill. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. pp. 87–95.
70. Gordon S. Wood (2009). Empire of liberty. Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-503914-6.
71. "Democratic-Republican Party". Encyclopædia Britannica . July 20, 1998. Retrieved August 30, 2017. The Republicans contended that the Federalists harboured aristocratic attitudes and that their policies placed too much power in the central government and tended to benefit the affluent at the expense of the common man.
72. Brown, Thomas (1985). Politics and Statesmanship: Essays on the American Whig Party. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 20. ISBN   9780231056021. OCLC   906445960.
73. The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica (July 20, 1998). "Anti-Masonic Movement". Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved September 9, 2017.
74. Ford, Hamilton, Madison, and Jay; ed Paul L. "South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification". The Federalist (Ford).
75. Farmer, Brian (2008). American Conservatism: History, Theory and Practice. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 155. ISBN   9781443802765.
76. "End of survey report: State of Rhode Island". UNT Journal. January 1, 1979. doi: 10.2172/5212647 .
77. Thomas Hudson McKee (1970). The National Conventions and Platforms of All Political Parties 1789-1905. Scholarly Press. p. 52. ISBN   0-403-00356-3.
78. Boissoneault, Lorraine. "How the 19th-Century Party Reshaped American Politics". Smithsonian Magazine. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
79. Wilentz, Sean (2005). The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 478–479. ISBN   0-393-05820-4.
80. Holt, Michael F. (1983). The Political Crisis of the 1850s. New York: W. W. Norton. p. 92. ISBN   978-0-393-95370-1.
81. Baggett, James Alex (September 2004). The Scalawags : Southern dissenters in the Civil War and reconstruction (Louisiana paperback ed.). Baton Rouge: 2004. ISBN   0-8071-3014-1. OCLC   717408969.
82. Freehling, William W., 1935- (1990–2007). The road to disunion. Frank and Virginia Williams Collection of Lincolniana (Mississippi State University. Libraries). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN   0-19-505814-3. OCLC   20670363.
83. Egerton, Douglas R. (2010). Year of meteors : Stephen Douglas, Abraham Lincoln, and the election that brought on the Civil War (1st U.S. ed.). New York: Bloomsbury Press. ISBN   978-1-59691-619-7. OCLC   504281088.
84. Fehrenbacher, Don E.; Nevins, Allan (1972). "The War for the Union. Volume 3, The Organized War, 1863; Volume 4, The Organized War to Victory, 1864-1865". The American Historical Review. 77 (3): 832. doi:10.2307/1870477. ISSN   0002-8762. JSTOR   1870477.
85. Slap, Andrew L. (2006). Doom of Reconstruction : the Liberal Republicans in the Civil War Era. Bronx: Fordham University Press. ISBN   978-0-8232-2711-2. OCLC   923763474.
86. Veditz, C. W. A. (1908). "The New Encyclopedia of Social Reform, etc. Edited by William D. P. Bliss and Rudolph M. Binder, Ph.D., with the coöperation of many specialists, etc. New Edition. (New York and London: Funk and Wagnalls Company. 1908. Pp. vi, 1321.)" . American Political Science Review. 4 (1): 139–141. doi:10.2307/1944430. ISSN   0003-0554. JSTOR   1944430. S2CID   148521310.
87. Paul Kleppner, The Greenback and Prohibition Parties," in Arthur M. Schlesinger (ed.), History of U.S. Political Parties: Volume II, 1860-1910, The Gilded Age of Politics. New York: Chelsea House/R.R. Bowker Co., 1973; pg. 1552.
88. Pearson, C. C. (1916). "The Readjuster Movement in Virginia". The American Historical Review. 21 (4): 734–749. doi:10.2307/1835892. hdl: 2027/coo1.ark:/13960/t08w3zv24 . ISSN   0002-8762. JSTOR   1835892.
89. Mansbridge, Jane; Macedo, Stephen (October 13, 2019). "Populism and Democratic Theory". Annual Review of Law and Social Science . 15 (1): 59–77. doi: 10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-101518-042843 . ISSN   1550-3585. S2CID   210355727.
90. "MALAWI: Voter Registration" . Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series. 45 (8): 17640B –17640C. 2008. doi:10.1111/j.1467-825x.2008.01886.x. ISSN   0001-9844.
91. Ellis, Elmer (1932). "The Silver Republicans in the Election of 1896" . The Mississippi Valley Historical Review. 18 (4): 519–534. doi:10.2307/1898561. ISSN   0161-391X. JSTOR   1898561.
92. Martinek, Jason D (2010). "Business at the Margins of Capitalism: Charles H. Kerr and Company and the Progressive Era Socialist Movement" (PDF). Business & Economic History On-Line. p. 6.
93. Mead, Walter Russell; Chace, James (2004). "1912: Wilson, Roosevelt, Taft, and Debs: The Election That Changed the Country" . Foreign Affairs. 83 (5): 172. doi:10.2307/20034097. ISSN   0015-7120. JSTOR   20034097.
94. Cravens, Hamilton (1966). "The Emergence of the Farmer-Labor Party in Washington Politics, 1919-20". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 57 (4): 148–157. ISSN   0030-8803. JSTOR   40488173.
95. Waltzer, K. (April 1, 1980). "The Party and the Polling Place: American Communism and an American Labor Party in the 1930s" . Radical History Review. 1980 (23): 104–129. doi:10.1215/01636545-1980-23-104. ISSN   0163-6545.
96. "The Birth of the Nonpartisan League". The BND Story. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
97. "Home - Dem-NPL Party Democrats". Dem-NPL Party. November 5, 2024. Retrieved September 12, 2023.
98. LeMay, Michael. Transforming America: Perspectives on U.S. Immigration. ABC-CLIO. p. 220.
99. "JOHN TYLER: CAMPAIGNS AND ELECTIONS". Miller Center. October 4, 2016.
100. Inbody, Donald S. (2016), "Reelecting Mr. Lincoln: 1863–1865", The Soldier Vote, New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, pp. 29–44, doi:10.1057/9781137519207_3, ISBN   978-1-349-57815-3
101. Smith, Adam I. P. (August 17, 2006), "Concepts of Party and Nation before the Civil War", No Party Now, Oxford University Press, pp. 9–24, doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195188653.003.0002, ISBN   978-0-19-518865-3
102. Grevin, Jerry (July 23, 2001). "The political legacy of De Leonism (part VI)". Internationalism. Retrieved September 6, 2020.
103. Rothbard, Murray N. (Murray Newton), 1926-1995. (2002). A history of money and banking in the United States : the colonial era to World War II. Auburn, Ala.: Ludwig von Mises Institute. ISBN   0-945466-33-1. OCLC   51205107.
104. Quint, Howard H. (1953). The forging of American socialism : origins of the modern movement. University of South Carolina Press. OCLC   597175.
105. Davenport, Tim, ed. (1897). "Declaration of Principles of The Social Democracy of America" (PDF). Marxist History. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
106. "The Independence Convention Makes its Choice in Early Morning" (PDF). The New York Times. July 29, 1908. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
107. "Single Tax". Time . February 18, 1924. Archived from the original on November 21, 2010. Retrieved October 1, 2021. A National Convention of the great Presidential year of 1924 was held in Manhattan. Before the Convention, the name of the Party was the Single Tax Party. After the Convention it was the Commonwealth Land Party. But the change was only a change of name.
108. Saloutos, Theodore (1946). "The Rise of the Nonpartisan League in North Dakota, 1915-1917". Agricultural History. 20 (1): 43–61. ISSN   0002-1482. JSTOR   3739348.
109. Foner, Philip Sheldon, 1910-1994. (1988). History of the labor movement in the United States (2d ed.). New York: International Publishers. ISBN   0-7178-0092-X. OCLC   2134966.
110. Tim Davenport (May 16, 2011). Formation of the Proletarian Party of America, Part 1.
111. "Candidate Tells Where He Stands". August 22, 1924. p. 13. ProQuest   161696255 . Retrieved September 25, 2020.
112. "The Progressive Movement of 1924. By<italic>Kenneth Campbell MacKay</italic>. (New York: Columbia University Press. 1947. Pp. 298. $3.75.)" . The American Historical Review. 1947. doi:10.1086/ahr/53.3.569. ISSN   1937-5239.
113. Cannon, James Patrick, 1890-1974. (1944). The history of American Trotskyism : report of a participant. Pioneer Publishers. OCLC   265864.
114. Industrial Union Party (1968). Industrial unionist Vol. II #6 Nov. 1933. dudeman5685. New York : Greenwood Reprint Corp.
115. Wald, Alan M., 1946- (1987). The New York intellectuals : the rise and decline of the anti-Stalinist left from the 1930s to the 1980s. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN   0-8078-1716-3. OCLC   14273419.
116. "FOR FUSION WITH THE AWP!". www.marxists.org. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
117. Brinkley, Alan. (1983). Voices of protest : Huey Long, Father Coughlin, and the Great Depression. Mazal Holocaust Collection. (1st Vintage books ed.). New York: Vintage Books. ISBN   0-394-71628-0. OCLC   9370944.
118. Caverly, Matthew. America First Party.docx.
119. Lemmon, Sarah McCulloh (1951). "The Ideology of the "Dixiecrat" Movement" . Social Forces. 30 (2): 162–171. doi:10.2307/2571628. ISSN   0037-7732. JSTOR   2571628.
120. Markowitz, Norman D. (1973). The Rise and Fall of the People's Century: Henry A. Wallace and American Liberalism, 1941-1948. New York: Free Press. p. iii. LCCN   72086508. OCLC   1036776283.
121. "Constitution Party Hits Candidates on Red Issue". Altoona Tribune. October 2, 1952. p. 13. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
122. "Our Campaigns - Political Party - American (Amer)". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
123. Soldatenko, Michael. (2009). Chicano studies : the genesis of a discipline. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. ISBN   978-0-8165-9953-0. OCLC   844052292.
124. Kastenberg, Joshua E. (April 1, 2016). Shaping US Military Law. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315608853. ISBN   978-1-315-60885-3.
125. Russo, Andrew (1989). The Lyndon LaRouche political movement (Master's thesis). San Jose State University Library. doi: 10.31979/etd.phnj-d7e2 .
126. "Platform of the Citizens/Consumer Party as adopted at Party Convention | Digital Pitt". digital.library.pitt.edu. 1980. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
127. Fulani, Leonora (February 20, 2007). "Keynote Address". Independent Voting. Archived from the original on February 20, 2007. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
128. Bringhurst, Newell G. (2008). The Mormon quest for the presidency. Foster, Craig L. (2nd ed.). Independence, MO: John Whitmer Books. ISBN   978-1-934901-11-3. OCLC   243743573.
129. "Official Formation of the Green Party-USA | C-SPAN.org". www.c-span.org. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
130. Hendren, Lee (January 23, 2006). "Labor Party launches petition drive to gain ballot access". The Times and Democrat. Archived from the original on September 6, 2006. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
131. "Southern Party seeks to revive old times not forgotten - August 1, 1999". www.cnn.com. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
132. Byrnes, Sholto (October 23, 2008). "Bizarre political parties: The Boston Tea Party". New Statesman. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
133. "Independence Party of America formed". Mid-Hudson News Network. September 24, 2007. Archived from the original on December 19, 2007. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
134. "Modern Whig Party". ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia. Retrieved April 30, 2022.
135. Christensen, Rob (April 26, 2009). "Whigs Rise Again". The News & Observer. Archived from the original on April 29, 2009. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
136. "Presidential Hopefuls Meet in Third Party Debate". PBS NewsHour Extra. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved September 2, 2017.
137. Abrahams, Tom (June 22, 2021). "SAM, known as the Serve America Movement, hopes to become next political party". ABC13. Retrieved July 14, 2021.
138. Reid, Tim (July 27, 2022). "Former Republicans and Democrats form new third U.S. political party". Reuters . Retrieved July 29, 2022.
139. Fox, Dixon Ryan; Purcell, Richard J. (1963). "Connecticut in Transition, 1775-1818". Political Science Quarterly. 36 (2): 317. doi:10.2307/2142262. ISSN   0032-3195. JSTOR   2142262.
140. Carlton, Frank T. (1907). "The Workingmen's Party of New York City: 1829-1831" . Political Science Quarterly. 22 (3): 401–415. doi:10.2307/2141055. ISSN   0032-3195. JSTOR   2141055.
141. Russell, William D.; Walker, Ronald W. (1999). "Wayward Saints: The Godbeites and Brigham Young". The Western Historical Quarterly. 30 (4): 524. doi:10.2307/971442. ISSN   0043-3810. JSTOR   971442.
142. Erickson, Velt G. (1948). The Liberal Party of Utah (MA thesis). University of Utah.
143. Andrade, Ernest Jr. (1996). Unconquerable rebel : Robert W. Wilcox and Hawaiian politics, 1880-1903. Niwot, Colo.: University Press of Colorado. ISBN   0-585-02407-3. OCLC   42329047.
144. Hudelson, Richard. (2006). By the ore docks : a working people's history of Duluth. Ross, Carl, 1913-. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. ISBN   978-0-8166-9760-1. OCLC   320324829.
145. Lau, Peter F., 1971- (2006). Democracy rising : South Carolina and the fight for Black equality since 1865. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. ISBN   0-8131-7129-6. OCLC   70262482.
146. Sojourner, Sue Lorenzi, 1941- (2013). Thunder of freedom : black leadership and the transformation of 1960s Mississippi. Reitan, Cheryl. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky. ISBN   978-0-8131-4095-7. OCLC   826855507.
147. "Labor and Farm Party Records, 1982-1987". digicoll.library.wisc.edu. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
148. Williams, John W. (1995). "THE 1986 LAROUCHE ELECTION DEBACLE IN ILLINOIS". Principia College. Archived from the original on December 4, 2004. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
149. "Faiks Draws Fire". Daily Sitka Sentinel. August 29, 1986. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
150. Yarrow, Andrew L. (July 27, 1992). "Third Party Celebrates Its Second Year". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved September 19, 2020.
151. "Third Choice | Independence Party of New York | United States". Ipny. Archived from the original on July 28, 2018. Retrieved December 17, 2021.
152. Pristin, Terry (September 28, 1995). "NEW JERSEY DAILY BRIEFING; Conservatives May Join Perot". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved September 19, 2020.
153. "Burnt Out". New York Press . Manhattan Media. December 28, 2004. Retrieved November 13, 2009.
154. Gunzburger, Ron (March 16, 2008). "Politics1 - Guide to the 2004 Personal Choice Party Presidential Candidate". Politics1. Archived from the original on March 16, 2008. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
155. Phillips, Michael M. (August 24, 2010). "Political Party for Mild-Mannered Is Off to a Slow Start". Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660 . Retrieved September 19, 2020.
156. Kornblut, Anne E.; Peters, Jeremy W. (November 7, 2006). "Lieberman Prevails Against Lamont in Connecticut". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved September 19, 2020.
157. Barrett, Wayne (October 1, 2010). "Carl Paladino vs. The Tea Party: No Love Lost". Village Voice. Archived from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved October 1, 2010.
158. Lisberg, Adam (June 18, 2010). "Charles Barron, upset at all-white Dem ticket, running for gov as head of all-black Freedom Party". New York Daily News. Retrieved June 6, 2010.
159. Tyler, Taylor (July 14, 2013). "Newly Formed United Independent Party Makes MA Gubernatorial Run". Independent Voter Network. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
160. Taylor, Kate (July 17, 2014). "Cuomo Allies Plan a Political Party Focusing on Women". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved September 12, 2020.
161. Chason, Rachel (August 28, 2019). "Jerome Segal, of Maryland socialist Bread and Roses party, to run for president". The Washington Post . Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved February 20, 2023.
162. Pagán, Bolívar. (1959). Historia de los partidos políticos puertorriqueños (1898-1956). Librería Campos. OCLC   29383220.
163. The Puerto Rican movement : voices from the diaspora. Torres, Andrés, 1947-, Velázquez, José E. (José Emiliano), 1952-. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 1998. ISBN   0-585-36518-0. OCLC   47010150.
164. Erediano, Emmanuel T. (August 20, 2021). "Lt. Gov. Arnold I. Palacios will 'most likely' run for governor with Saipan Mayor David M. Apatang as his running-mate". Marianas Variety News & Views. Retrieved December 17, 2021.
165. "Dems thrilled to participate in upcoming nat'l convention". Saipan Tribune. February 26, 2024. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
166. Alkire, William H. (1984). "The Carolinians of Saipan and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands" . Pacific Affairs. 57 (2): 270–283. doi:10.2307/2759128. ISSN   0030-851X. JSTOR   2759128.
167. "Black Riders show resistance is possible". Workers World Party. Archived from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
168. Malhotra, Ravi (2013). "Hillbilly Nationalists, Urban Race Rebels, and Black Power: Community Organizing in Radical Times, Amy Sonnie and James Tracy, New York: Melville House, 2011; The Hidden 1970s: Histories of Radicalism, edited by Dan Berger, New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2010; Stayin' Alive: The 1970s and the Last Days of the Working Class, Jefferson Cowie, London: The New Press, 2010" . Historical Materialism. 21 (3): 189–204. doi:10.1163/1569206x-12341304. ISSN   1465-4466.
169. Austin, Curtis J., 1969- (2006). Up against the wall : violence in the making and unmaking of the Black Panther Party. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press. ISBN   978-1-61075-444-6. OCLC   649942374.
170. Krassner, Paul. (2012). Confessions of a raving, unconfined nut : misadventures in the counterculture (Updated and expanded ed.). New York: Soft Skull Press. ISBN   978-1-59376-503-3. OCLC   813416037.
171. Alexander, Robert J. (Robert Jackson), 1918 November 26- (2001). Maoism in the developed world. Westport, Conn.: Praeger. ISBN   0-275-96148-6. OCLC   44877014.
172. Kwong, Peter. (2005). Chinese America : the untold story of America's oldest new community. Miščevič, Dušanka Dušana. New York: New Press. ISBN   1-56584-962-0. OCLC   60420916.
173. Blevins, David. (2006). American political parties in the 21st century. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co. ISBN   0-7864-2480-X. OCLC   64897141.
174. "The ISO's vote to dissolve and what comes next". SocialistWorker.org. Retrieved September 19, 2020.
175. Forging radical alliances across difference : coalition politics for the new millennium. Bystydzienski, Jill M., 1949-, Schacht, Steven P. London. 2001. ISBN   0-7425-1057-3. OCLC   47364128.
176. Viets, Sarah; Lenz, Ryan (July 11, 2016). "Matt Heimbach's Traditionalist Youth Network is Cutting Deals with Holocaust Deniers". Southern Poverty Law Center.
177. "VOTERS COUNT BY PARTY AND PRECINCT" (PDF). Alaska Elections. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
178. "Voter Registration Statistics – April 2024*". AZ SOS. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
179. Winger, Richard (May 3, 2024). "New Arkansas Registration Data". Ballot Access News. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
180. "Report of Registration - February 20, 2024". CA SOS. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
181. "2024 Voter Registration Statistics". CO SOS. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
182. Winger, Richard (May 16, 2024). "New Connecticut Registration Data". Ballot Access News. Retrieved May 16, 2024.
183. "State of Delaware Department of Elections Voter Registration Totals By Political Party" (PDF). Delaware Elections. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
184. Winger, Richard (September 4, 2022). "August 2022 Ballot Access News Print Edition". Ballot Access News. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
185. "2024 Presidential Preference Primary Active Registered Voters By Party" (PDF). FL DOS. Retrieved June 11, 2024.
186. Winger, Richard (November 7, 2022). "New Iowa Registration Data". Ballot Access News. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
187. "2024 Monthly Totals". Kansas SOS. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
188. "Registration Statistics". KY SBOE. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
189. Winger, Richard (May 9, 2024). "New Louisiana Registration Data". Ballot Access News. Retrieved May 11, 2024.
190. "REGISTERED & ENROLLED VOTERS - STATEWIDE" (PDF). Maine.gov. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
191. "Maryland Board of Elections Voter Registration Activity Report March 2024" (PDF). Maryland Elections. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
192. Winger, Richard (May 3, 2024). "New Massachusetts Registration Data". Ballot Access News. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
193. "Count of Registrants Eligible to Vote" (PDF). NE SOS. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
194. "Office of Nevada Secretary of State Voter Registration Statistics". NV SOS. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
195. "Party Registration History 1970-2024". NH SOS. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
196. "Statewide Voter Registration Summary" (PDF). nj.gov. Retrieved June 11, 2024.
197. "2024 Voter Registration Data". NM SOS. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
198. "Voter Enrollment". New York State Board of Elections. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
199. "Voter Registration Statistics". ncsbe.gov. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
200. "Month End Registration Statistics by County" (PDF). oklahoma.gov. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
201. Winger, Richard (April 29, 2024). "New Pennsylvania Registration Data". Ballot Access News. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
202. "Voter Registration". RI SOS. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
203. "Voter Registration Tracking". SD SOS. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
204. "Current Voter Registration Statistics". Vote.Utah.gov. Retrieved August 25, 2025.
205. "Voters Registered by Deadline, April 23, 2024 (Preliminary)" (PDF). WV SOS. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
206. Winger, Richard (May 4, 2024). "New Wyoming Registration Data". Ballot Access News. Retrieved May 7, 2024.

Further reading

• Nash, Howard P. Jr.; Schnapper, M. B. (1959). Third Parties in American Politics.
• Ness, Immanuel; Ciment, James (2000). The Encyclopedia of Third Parties in America. Armonk, NY: Sharpe Reference. ISBN   0-7656-8020-3.

External links

• Party Links
• Political Parties Timeline
• Ballot Access News
• Politics1 Directory of Candidates
• Independent Political Candidate Directory at IndeCan
• Educational quiz that matches policy answers to U.S. political parties known as I Side With