Conservative Party of New York State | |
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Chairman | Gerard Kassar |
Founded | 1962 |
Headquarters | Brooklyn, New York, U.S. |
Membership (November 2022) | 163,314 [1] |
Ideology | Conservatism |
Political position | Right-wing |
Colors | Orange Blue |
Website | |
www | |
This article is part of a series on |
Conservatism in the United States |
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The Conservative Party of New York State is an American political party founded in 1962 following conservative dissatisfaction with the Republican Party in New York. Running on the Conservative Party line, James L. Buckley won election to the U.S. Senate in 1970 and served for one term. Since 2010, the party has held "Row C" on New York ballots—the third-place ballot position, directly below the Democratic and Republican parties—because it received the third-highest number of votes of any political party in the 2010, 2014 and 2018 New York gubernatorial elections. The party is known for its strategy of attempting to influence the Republican Party in a more conservative direction.
The Conservative Party of New York State was founded in 1962 by a group including J. Daniel Mahoney, Kieran O'Doherty, Charles E. Rice, Raymond R. Walker and Charles Edison, out of frustration with the perceived liberalism of the state's Republican Party. A key consideration was New York's fusion voting, unusual among U.S. states, which allows individual candidates to appear on multiple party lines in the same election. The Liberal Party of New York, founded in 1944, had benefited from this system; the Conservative Party desired to balance the Liberal Party's influence. According to The New York Times , the party's support "came mainly from those who would later be called Reagan Democrats—working-class, urban and suburban, often Catholic." [2]
Chair | Tenure | Residence |
---|---|---|
Kieran E. O'Doherty | February–July 1962 | Manhattan |
J. Daniel Mahoney | July 1962 – April 1986 | Manhattan |
Serphin R. Maltese | April 1986 – December 1988 | Queens |
Michael R. Long | December 1988 – January 2019 | Brooklyn |
Gerard Kassar | February 2019 – present | Brooklyn |
Prominent conservative author and commentator William F. Buckley Jr. ran for Mayor of New York City on the Conservative Party line in 1965, winning 13.4% of the vote. [3] An op-ed in The New York Times described the Buckley campaign as "a watershed campaign for the Conservatives, who gained heavy publicity and proved their strength in the overwhelmingly Democratic city." [2] In 1966, Conservative candidate Paul L. Adams obtained more than half a million votes in his race for Governor of New York, [4] winning Row C for the Party. [5]
In 1970, James Buckley, the brother of William F. Buckley Jr., ran for U.S. Senate as the candidate of the Conservative Party. Running only on the Conservative Party line and the Independent Alliance Party line, Buckley defeated Democratic Congressman Richard Ottinger and unelected incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Charles Goodell, receiving 39% of the vote. [6] Buckley served one term in the Senate. [7] According to the New York Post, "Buckley's victory cemented, for a time, an electoral coalition of urban, ethnic Democrats with rural and suburban Republicans—all disgusted with excessive taxation, runaway government spending and the decline of traditional values." [5] In 1976, Buckley ran for reelection to the U.S. Senate as the candidate of the Republican and Conservative parties, losing to Democrat Daniel Patrick Moynihan. [8]
In 1978, registered Conservative William Carney, a member of the Suffolk County legislature, was elected to the United States House of Representatives in New York's 1st congressional district, a long-time Democratic stronghold on Long Island, after winning the Republican primary and running on both party lines. [9] He eventually served four terms before retiring. [10]
In 1980, the Conservative Party endorsed Al D'Amato in a U.S. Senate race in which he successfully challenged incumbent Sen. Jacob Javits in a Republican primary. [11] D'Amato then narrowly prevailed in the general election over Democrat Elizabeth Holtzman; the 275,100 votes D'Amato received on the Conservative line exceeded his slim margin of victory. [12] [13]
In the 1982 gubernatorial election, the party nominated Republican Lewis Lehrman, [14] who was narrowly defeated by Democrat Mario Cuomo. [15] In the 1986 gubernatorial election, the party nominated Republican Andrew P. O'Rourke, [16] who was defeated by Cuomo in a landslide. [17]
Herbert London was the Conservative Party's nominee for Governor of New York in 1990; that year, the party broke from the Republican Party, declining to cross-endorse Republican nominee Pierre Rinfret. [18] [19] Conservatives leaders cited Rinfret's support for abortion, his perceived lack of seriousness about his candidacy, and his potential difficulties in attacking incumbent Democratic Governor Mario Cuomo on fiscal policies as reasons for their decision to support London instead. [20] London ran a strong campaign statewide and finished one percentage point behind Rinfret, while Democratic Governor Mario Cuomo easily won re-election. [21]
The party declined to endorse Republican Rudy Giuliani for Mayor of New York City in his successful 1993 and 1997 campaigns. In each of those elections, Giuliani accepted the endorsement of the Liberal Party. The Conservative Party endorsed George Marlin for Mayor in 1993 and left its line blank in the 1997 New York City mayoral race. [2] [22] [23]
The party endorsed Republican George Pataki in his successful 1994 campaign to unseat incumbent Democratic Gov. Mario Cuomo. In that race, Pataki "drew more than 300,000 votes on the Conservative line, double his slender winning margin over Mr. Cuomo." [2] [24]
The party ran its own candidates for Mayor of New York City in the 2001, [25] 2005, [26] and 2009, [27] declining to support successful Republican candidate Michael Bloomberg.
John Spencer, a former mayor of Yonkers, New York, [28] was nominated for U.S. Senate by the Republican and Conservative Parties in the 2006 Senate election against Hillary Clinton. Spencer was defeated by Clinton. [29]
In the 2006 race for governor, Conservative Party Chairman Michael Long endorsed John Faso, the former Assembly Minority Leader and Republican State Comptroller nominee in 2002. [30] Faso won the nomination at the Republican convention, defeating former Massachusetts Gov. Bill Weld, 61–39%. [31] Following the convention, Weld withdrew from the race as senior party officials (including state Republican chairman Stephen Minarik, who endorsed Weld) urged party unity. [32] In the general election, Faso was the nominee of both the Republican and Conservative parties, [33] but was defeated by Eliot Spitzer. [34]
The Conservative Party nominated Republican candidates John McCain and Sarah Palin for president and vice president in the 2008 election, which was won by Democrat Barack Obama. [35]
The Conservative Party nominated Doug Hoffman for the 2009 special election in New York's 23rd congressional district, an election won by the Democratic nominee, Bill Owens. [36] The Conservative Party chose Hoffman, a fiscal and social conservative, in reaction to the Republican Party's nomination of pro-choice, pro-same-sex-marriage, pro-union Assemblymember Dede Scozzafava, who Chairman Mike Long declared to be a "nice lady who is too liberal." [37] On October 31, 2009, Scozzafava suspended her campaign, [38] leading prominent Republicans such as national chairman Michael Steele to endorse Hoffman. [39] On Election Day, Owens prevailed over Hoffman by a margin of 48.3% to 46%. [40] The 2009 special election received significant national attention, and was alternately described as "a referendum on President Barack Obama" and "a fight over the identity of the Republican Party." [41] [42] According to one commentator, "tea party conservatives see the GOP loss as a victory for conservativism over mere political party loyalty. They're describing the defeat as a warning shot fired in defense of principle." [43] In addition, elected officials and observers opined that the congressional race affected the New York State Senate's December 2, 2009 vote against same-sex marriage legislation. [44] [45]
Party Chairman Michael Long endorsed Rick Lazio for the 2010 New York gubernatorial election and directed his allies to do the same. However, several county chairmen instead coalesced behind vice chairman Ralph Lorigo. [46] Lazio defeated Lorigo in the primary election by a roughly 60–40% margin, but was defeated by Carl Paladino in the Republican primary. [47] Lazio dropped out of the race on September 27, requiring a vacancy committee to convene and select a replacement for him on the Conservative line. [48] Long eventually endorsed Paladino and the vacancy committee followed, placing Paladino on the Conservative Party line. Paladino lost the general election, [49] but drew 232,264 votes on the Conservative Party line, [50] which allowed the party to overtake the Independence Party of New York and retake Row C (the third place ballot position in New York elections) for the first time since the 1998 elections. [51] The party has held Row C ever since.
Prior to the passage of same-sex marriage legislation in 2011, Long stated that the party would not endorse any candidate who supported same-sex marriage. [52] [53] Four Republican state senators—Sens. James Alesi, Mark Grisanti, Roy McDonald, and Stephen Saland—voted in favor of same-sex marriage. Alesi did not seek re-election in 2012, [54] while Grisanti, McDonald, and Saland faced challengers in 2012 who received the Conservative Party's endorsement. Grisanti was re-elected to the State Senate, [55] while McDonald was defeated in a Republican primary [56] and Saland was defeated in a general election in which a Conservative Party-endorsed challenger acted as a spoiler. [57]
State Senator Mark Grisanti, the last remaining Republican state senator to have voted for the Marriage Equality Act, was again denied Conservative Party endorsement in 2014; the party instead endorsed dummy candidate Timothy Gallagher in State Senate District 60. Grisanti lost the Republican primary, but remained in the general election on the Independence line. In the general election, Gallagher—despite not campaigning at all—won 8 percent of the vote; the vote split between Gallagher, Grisanti, and Republican candidate Kevin Stocker allowed Democrat Marc Panepinto to win the election with only 34 percent of the vote. [58] [59]
The Party endorsed Rob Astorino very early in the 2014 gubernatorial election process. [60] In the election for New York State Comptroller, the party threatened to nominate its own candidate if the Republicans could not find a candidate from their party to run on the line; [61] the GOP eventually nominated Onondaga County Comptroller Rob Antonacci. [62]
In 2016, the Conservative Party nominated eventual winner Donald Trump for President of the United States. [63]
On April 13, 2018, the Conservative Party executive committee selected Marcus Molinaro as its candidate in the 2018 gubernatorial election in what Long termed a "not very easy" decision; the party chose Molinaro over Deputy State Senate Majority Leader John A. DeFrancisco and openly refused to consider Erie County Executive Joel Giambra. [64]
The Conservative Party of Cattaraugus County is alleged to have been the target of a hostile takeover by members of the Republican Party, after 37 former Republicans abruptly changed party registration in October 2017. County party chairman Leonard Ciros alleged that the Republican Party violated state party loyalty laws and the federal Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act. [65]
As of 2018, the Party holds "Row C" on New York ballots—the third-place ballot position, directly below the Democratic and Republican parties—because it received the third-highest number of votes of any political party in the 2010, [66] 2014, [67] and 2018 [68] gubernatorial elections. [69] [70] [71]
Long announced his retirement from the chairmanship of the Conservative Party on January 28, 2019 after having served in that role for 30 years. [72] In February 2019, he was elected Chairman Emeritus of the Party. [73] On February 23, 2019, the Party named Gerard Kassar of Brooklyn as its new chairman. [74]
In 2020, the Conservative Party nominated incumbent Republican President Donald Trump for re-election to the presidency. [75] Trump was defeated by Democrat Joe Biden. [76] In 2021, the Conservative Party successfully teamed up with the Republican Party to raise opposition among the state's voters and defeat three ballot initiatives proposed by Democrats. [77]
In 2012, The New York Times stated that the Conservative Party had "a successful electoral record in a decidedly blue state in which the Conservatives have elbowed the Republican Party to the right". [4] Also in 2012, the New York Post asserted that the Party had "helped the GOP maintain its majority in the state Senate, even as New York has turned an ever-deeper blue over the last half century" and added that it had "forced the state Republican Party to (sometimes) remember what it stood for—by threatening its power". [5]
Rather than nominating its own candidates, the Conservative Party usually endorses the same candidates as the Republican Party and campaigns against the Democratic candidates. However, the party has withheld support from Republican candidates if it deems them too liberal. For example, the Conservative Party withheld its support from Republican Rudy Giuliani's fusion campaigns with endorsement from the Liberal Party for New York City mayor in 1989, 1993 [78] and 1997. [79] In the 2004 U.S. Senate election, the Conservative Party endorsed Marilyn O'Grady to oppose Republican candidate Howard Mills and incumbent Democratic Senator Charles Schumer. Also in 2004, the Party's decision to endorse Tom Dadey rather than incumbent Republican State Senator Nancy Larraine Hoffmann in State Senate District 49 helped bring about the victory of Democrat David Valesky in that race. After losing to Hoffmann in the Republican primary, Dadey—with the support of the Conservative Party and the Independence Party—remained in the race; Hoffmann lost the general election by 742 votes. [80] [81] [82]
Following the passage of same-sex marriage legislation in 2011, the Conservative Party stated that it would withdraw support for any candidate who had voted for the bill; [83] [53] two Republican senators who voted for same-sex marriage—Roy McDonald and Stephen Saland—lost their seats in 2012. [56] [57]
The party has also endorsed Democratic candidates, including controversial former Buffalo mayor and presidential candidate Jimmy Griffin, who was initially elected mayor solely on the Conservative ticket but had Republican support as well for his subsequent campaigns. It also cross-endorsed such Democrats as Asms. Michael Cusick, [84] Michael P. Kearns, [85] and Robin Schimminger [85] and former Capital District Congressman Michael McNulty. [86] In 2022, the party endorsed Democratic Assemblymembers Simcha Eichenstein [87] and Marianne Buttenschon, [88] as well as Senator Simcha Felder. [89]
Governor & Lieutenant Governor | Comptroller | Attorney General | |||||||||||||||
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Year | Nominee (Running-mate) | # votes | % votes | Fusion | Place | Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Fusion | Place | Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Fusion | Place |
1962 | David H. Jaquith (E. Vernon Carbonara) | 141,877 | 2.44 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 5 | 1962 | Thomas D. Cole | 99,971 | 1.77 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 5 | 1962 | Frederick S. Dennin | 99,464 | 1.76 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 4 |
1966 | Paul Adams (Kieran O'Doherty) | 510,023 | 8.46 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 6 | 1966 | Benjamin R. Crosby | 331,467 | 5.80 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 5 | 1966 | Mason L. Hampton | 322,693 | 5.65 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 5 |
1970 | Paul Adams (Edward F. Leonard) | 422,514 | 7.03 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 6 | 1970 | Anthony R. Spinelli | 436,584 | 7.94 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 5 | 1970 | Leo Kesselring | 409,169 | 7.41 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 4 |
1974 | Malcolm Wilson (Ralph G. Caso) | 269,080 | 5.08 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 8 | 1974 | Bradley J. Hurd | 244,701 | 5.02 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 7 | 1974 | Edward F. Campbell | 232,631 | 4.58 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 7 |
1978 | Perry B. Duryea Jr. (Bruce F. Caputo) | 242,972 | 5.10 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 7 | 1978 | Edward Regan | 284,707 | 6.35 / 100 | Republican | Elected | 1978 | Michael Roth | 259,199 | 5.93 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 |
1982 | Lewis Lehrman (James L. Emery) | 230,153 | 4.38 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 7 | 1982 | Edward Regan | 252,716 | 5.33 / 100 | Republican | Re-elected | 1982 | Frances A. Sclafani | 178,477 | 3.76 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 4 |
1986 | Andrew P. O'Rourke (E. Michael Kavanagh) | 152,306 | 3.55 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 4 | 1986 | Edward Regan | 222,803 | 5.60 / 100 | Republican | Re-elected | 1986 | Peter T. King | 139,964 | 3.58 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 3 |
1990 | Herbert London (Anthony P. DiPerna) | 827,614 | 20.40 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 7 | 1990 | Edward Regan | 391,743 | 9.93 / 100 | Republican | Re-elected | 1990 | Bernard C. Smith | 284,244 | 7.42 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 3 |
1994 | George Pataki (Betsy McCaughey) | 328,605 | 6.31 / 100 | Republican | Elected | 1994 | Herbert London | 282,922 | 6.09 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 1994 | Dennis Vacco | 305,961 | 6.57 / 100 | Republican | Elected |
1998 | George Pataki (Mary Donohue) | 348,727 | 7.40 / 100 | Republican | Re-elected | 1998 | Bruce Blakeman | 219,548 | 4.97 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 1998 | Dennis Vacco | 302,223 | 6.99 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 6 |
2002 | George Pataki (Mary Donohue) | 176,848 | 3.86 / 100 | Republican | Re-elected | 2002 | John Faso | 152,763 | 3.67 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 2002 | Dora Irizarry | 124,657 | 3.02 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 |
2006 | John Faso (C. Scott Vanderhoef) | 168,654 | 3.81 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 2006 | J. Christopher Callaghan | 206,427 | 4.99 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 2006 | Jeanine Pirro | 168,051 | 3.91 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 |
2010 | Carl Paladino (Gregory J. Edwards) | 232,215 | 5.01 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 6 | 2010 | Harry Wilson | 243,319 | 5.44 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 2010 | Dan Donovan | 281,585 | 6.34 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 |
2014 | Rob Astorino (Christopher J. Moss) | 250,634 | 6.56 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 6 | 2014 | Bob Antonacci | 246,627 | 6.64 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 2014 | John P. Cahill | 277,349 | 7.46 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 4 |
2018 | Marc Molinaro (Julie P. Killian) | 253,624 | 4.16 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 2018 | Jonathan Trichter | 231,380 | 3.85 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 2018 | Keith Wofford | 257,090 | 4.29 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 |
2022 | Lee Zeldin (Alison Esposito) | 313,187 | 5.31 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 2022 | Paul Rodriguez | 292,337 | 5.07 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 2022 | Michael Henry | 313,728 | 5.41 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 |
New York Senate | New York Assembly | ||||||||||||
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Election | Nominees (and Endorsees) | Votes | Seats (Party and Endorsed) | Control | Election | Nominees (and Endorsees) | Votes | Seats (Party and Endorsed) | Control | ||||
No. | Share | No. | ± | No. | Share | No. | ± | ||||||
1998 | 10 C 42 R, 1 D | 324,864 | 8.09% | 35 / 61 | Republican | 1998 | 31 C 90 R, 3 D | 283,904 | 6.97% | 50 / 150 | Democratic | ||
2000 | 9 C 39 R, 3 D | 218,439 | 4.13% | 36 / 61 | 1 | Republican | 2000 | 18 C 87 R, 11 D | 186,850 | 3.42% | 59 / 150 | 9 | Democratic |
2002 | 6 C 45 R, 3 D | 195,095 | 5.37% | 39 / 62 | 3 | Republican | |||||||
2004 | 9 C 37 R, 1 D | 179,229 | 3.15% | 33 / 62 | 6 | Republican | |||||||
2006 | 4 C 41 R, 1 D | 172,472 | 4.40% | 34 / 62 | 1 | Republican | |||||||
2008 | 5 C 46 R | 242,899 | 4.00% | 29 / 62 | 5 | Democratic | 2008 | 12 C ?? R | % | 0 / 150 | Democratic | ||
2010 | 7 C 47 R | 266,523 | 6.11% | 33 / 62 | 4 | Republican | |||||||
2012 | 10 C 41 R | 325,755 | 5.60% | 30 / 63 | 3 | Republican | |||||||
2014 | 8 C 38 R, 1 D | 263,325 | 7.98% | 34 / 63 | 4 | Republican | |||||||
2016 | 7 C 41 R, 1 D | 346,743 | 5.23% | 32 / 63 | 2 | Republican | 2016 | 91 C ?? R, 1 D | 306,448 | 4.62% | 0 / 150 | 1 | Democratic |
2018 | 7 C 39 R, 1 D | 253,452 | 4.50% | 24 / 63 | 8 | Democratic | 2018 | 14 C ?? R | 235,807 | 4.17% | 0 / 150 | Democratic | |
2020 | 5 C 38 R, 1 D | 331,062 | 4.30% | 21 / 63 | 3 | Democratic | 2020 | 9 C ?? R | 301,261 | 3.93% | 0 / 150 | Democratic | |
2022 | 3 C 38 R, 1 D | % | 0 / 63 | Democratic | 2022 | 4 C ?? R | % | 0 / 150 | Democratic | ||||
U.S. President & Vice President | U.S. Senate | U.S. House of Representatives | ||||||||||||||||
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Year | Nominee (Running-mate) | # votes | % votes | Fusion | Place | Year | Nominee | # votes | % votes | Fusion | Place | Election | Nominees (and Endorsees) | Votes | Seats (Party and Endorsed) | Control | ||
1962 | Not Up | 1962 | Kieran O'Doherty | 116,151 | 2.04 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 5 | 1962 | Did Not Contest | Republican | ||||||||
1964 | Did Not Contest | 1964 | Henry Paolucci | 212,216 | 2.97 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 5 | 1964 | 10 C 7 R | 52,274 | 0.77% | 1 / 41 | 1 | Democratic | ||||
1966 | Not Up | 1966 | No Seat Up | 1966 | 17 C 8 R | 255,487 | 4.63% | 1 / 41 | Democratic | |||||||||
1968 | Richard Nixon (Spiro Agnew) | No Electors Nominated | Republican | 2nd of 6 | 1968 | James L. Buckley | 1,139,402 | 17.31 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 6 | 1968 | 25 C 10 R, 2 D | 402,780 | 6.59% | 6 / 41 | 5 | Democratic | |
1970 | Not Up | 1970 | James L. Buckley | 2,179,640 | 36.91 / 100 | Conservative | Elected | 1970 | 18 C 17 R, 2 D | 510,272 | 9.38% | 10 / 41 | 4 | Democratic | ||||
1972 | Richard Nixon (Spiro Agnew) | 368,136 | 5.14 / 100 | Republican | Won | 1972 | No Seat Up | 1972 | 15 C 20 R, 2 D | 364,422 | 5.52% | 11 / 39 | 1 | Democratic | ||||
1974 | Not Up | 1974 | Barbara A. Keating | 822,584 | 15.93 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 8 | 1974 | 19 C 17 R, 1 D, 1 L | 292,467 | 5.98% | 8 / 39 | 3 | Democratic | ||||
1976 | Gerald Ford (Bob Dole) | 274,878 | 4.21 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 6 | 1976 | James L. Buckley | 311,494 | 4.93 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 6 | 1976 | 16 C 19 R, 3 D | 285,679 | 4.77% | 9 / 39 | 1 | Democratic |
1978 | Not Up | 1978 | No Seat Up | 1978 | 14 C 20 R, 1 D | 246,669 | 5.63% | 8 / 39 | 1 | Democratic | ||||||||
1980 | Ronald Reagan (George H. W. Bush) | 256,131 | 4.13 / 100 | Republican | Won | 1980 | Al D'Amato | 275,100 | 4.57 / 100 | Republican | Elected | 1980 | 9 C 26 R, 1 D | 265,045 | 4.72% | 12 / 39 | 4 | Democratic |
1982 | Not Up | 1982 | Florence M. Sullivan | 175,650 | 3.54 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 4 | 1982 | 14 C 17 R | 201,917 | 4.31% | 8 / 34 | 4 | Democratic | ||||
1984 | Ronald Reagan (George H. W. Bush) | 288,244 | 4.23 / 100 | Republican | Won | 1984 | No Seat Up | 1984 | 6 C 23 R | 238,848 | 3.84% | 11 / 34 | 3 | Democratic | ||||
1986 | Not Up | 1986 | Al D'Amato | 212,101 | 4.73 / 100 | Republican | Re-elected | 1986 | 13 C 18 R | 186,333 | 4.77% | 9 / 34 | 2 | Democratic | ||||
1988 | George H. W. Bush (Dan Quayle) | 243,457 | 3.75 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 7 | 1988 | Robert McMillan | 189,226 | 3.13 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 6 | 1988 | 8 C 18 R | 210,052 | 3.82% | 9 / 34 | Democratic | |
1990 | Not Up | 1990 | No Seat Up | 1990 | 12 C 15 R, 1 D | 272,292 | 7.44% | 11 / 34 | 2 | Democratic | ||||||||
1992 | George H. W. Bush (Dan Quayle) | 177,000 | 2.56 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 6 | 1992 | Al D'Amato | 289,258 | 4.48 / 100 | Republican | Re-elected | 1992 | 8 C 19 R, 2 D | 326,192 | 5.51% | 10 / 34 | 1 | Democratic |
1994 | Not Up | 1994 | Bernadette Castro | 276,548 | 5.77 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 6 | 1994 | 9 C 17 R, 1 D | 295,779 | 6.41% | 11 / 34 | 1 | Democratic | ||||
1996 | Bob Dole (Jack Kemp) | 183,392 | 2.90 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 9 | 1996 | No Seat Up | 1996 | 5 C 22 R, 1 D, 1 IND | 261,849 | 4.80% | 11 / 31 | Democratic | |||||
1998 | Not Up | 1998 | Al D'Amato | 274,220 | 5.87 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 6 | 1998 | 10 C 17 R | 270,549 | 6.33% | 11 / 31 | Democratic | |||||
2000 | George W. Bush (Dick Cheney) | 144,797 | 2.12 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 7 | 2000 | Rick Lazio | 191,141 | 2.82 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 8 | 2000 | 9 C 18 R, 1 D | 208,719 | 3.58% | 11 / 31 | Democratic | |
2002 | Not Up | 2002 | No Seat Up | 2002 | 6 C 19 R, 1 D | 199,829 | 5.23% | 10 / 29 | 1 | Democratic | ||||||||
2004 | George W. Bush (Dick Cheney) | 155,574 | 2.10 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 2004 | Marilyn O'Grady | 220,960 | 3.30 / 100 | Conservative | 3rd of 7 | 2004 | 5 C 19 R, 1 D | 200,933 | 3.23% | 8 / 29 | 2 | Democratic |
2006 | Not Up | 2006 | John Spencer | 179,287 | 3.99 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 6 | 2006 | 3 C 18 R, 1 D | 143,166 | 3.46% | 7 / 29 | 1 | Democratic | ||||
2008 | John McCain (Sarah Palin) | 170,475 | 2.23 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 7 | 2008 | No Seat Up | 2008 | 5 C 21 R | 195,874 | 3.06% | 3 / 29 | 4 | Democratic | ||||
2010 | Not Up | 2010 | Jay Townsend | 240,777 | 5.24 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 4 | 2010 | 4 C 25 R | 267,873 | 5.97% | 8 / 29 | 5 | Democratic | ||||
2010 SE | Joe DioGuardi | 244,320 | 5.42 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 7 | |||||||||||||
2012 | Mitt Romney (Paul Ryan) | 262,371 | 3.71 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 6 | 2012 | Wendy Long | 241,124 | 3.61 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 5 | 2012 | 1 C 21 R | 257,809 | 3.99% | 5 / 27 | 3 | Democratic |
2014 | Not Up | 2014 | No Seat Up | 2014 | 3 C 20 R | 270,926 | 7.43% | 8 / 27 | 3 | Democratic | ||||||||
2016 | Donald Trump (Mike Pence) | 292,393 | 3.78 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 4 | 2016 | Wendy Long | 267,622 | 3.62 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 4 | 2016 | 5 C 17 R | 337,178 | 4.73% | 9 / 27 | 1 | Democratic |
2018 | Not Up | 2018 | Chele Chiavacci Farley | 246,171 | 4.07 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 2 | 2018 | 2 C 17 R | 207,094 | 3.57% | 6 / 27 | 3 | Democratic | ||||
2020 | Donald Trump (Mike Pence) | 295,657 | 3.43 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 4 | 2020 | No Seat Up | 2020 | 3 C 21 R | 315,541 | 3.84% | 8 / 27 | 2 | Democratic | ||||
2022 | No Seat Up | 2022 | Joe Pinion | 296,652 | 5.07 / 100 | Republican | 2nd of 3 | 2022 | 2 C 21 R | 320,049 | 5.56% | 11 / 27 | 3 | Democratic | ||||
The Independence Party is a political party in the U.S. state of New York. The party was founded in 1991 by Gordon Black, Tom Golisano, and Laureen Oliver and acquired ballot status in 1994. They lost their ballot status in 2020 under a change in the New York state election law that required at least 130,000 votes on the party line every two years. Although often associated with Ross Perot, as the party came to prominence in the wake of Perot's 1992 presidential campaign, it was created prior to Perot's run. In 2020, it affiliated with the Alliance Party, but disaffiliated in 2021. It used to have one elected member of the New York State Assembly, Fred Thiele, until Thiele switched his party affiliation to the Democratic Party in 2022. On December 9, 2022, New York governor Kathy Hochul signed S1851A, banning the use of the words "Independent" and "Independence" from use in political party names in New York state.
The New York State Senate is the upper house of the New York State Legislature, while the New York State Assembly is its lower house. Established in 1777 by the Constitution of New York, its members are elected to two-year terms with no term limits. There are 63 seats in the Senate. The Democratic Party has held control of the New York State Senate since 2019. The Senate Majority Leader is Andrea Stewart-Cousins.
Herbert Ira London was an American conservative activist, commentator, author, and academic. London was the president of the Hudson Institute from 1997 to 2011. He was a frequent columnist for The Washington Times. London was president of the London Center for Policy Research, a conservative think tank hosted at The King's College in New York City, and a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.
Dierdre Kathryn "Queen Dedede" Scozzafava is an American politician in New York. She represented District 122 in the New York State Assembly from 1999 to 2010. Scozzafava held office as a member of the Republican Party, but later became a member of the Democratic Party.
The 2010 New York gubernatorial election was held on Tuesday, November 2, 2010. Incumbent Democratic Governor David Paterson, elected as lieutenant governor in 2006 as the running mate of Eliot Spitzer, initially ran for a full term but dropped out of the race. Democratic New York Attorney General Andrew Cuomo defeated Republican Carl Paladino to become the next governor of New York.
The 1994 New York gubernatorial election was an election for the state governorship held on November 8, 1994. Incumbent Democratic Governor Mario Cuomo ran for a fourth term, but was defeated by Republican George Pataki in an upset victory. Pataki had previously been described by the New York Daily News as "a little-known Republican state senator." The conservative New York Post attributed the result to how voters "had grown tired of the 12-year incumbent Cuomo and his liberalism."
The 1990 New York gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1990, to elect the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of New York. Democratic Governor Mario Cuomo won a third term in office, making him the first Democrat elected to three terms as Governor of New York since Herbert H. Lehman.
The 2010 New York state elections took place on November 2, 2010. Due to the special election for US Senate, all of New York's six statewide offices were up for popular election on the same date. At the same time, all 29 members from New York of the U.S. House of Representatives, all 212 members of the New York State legislature, and many other local officials were elected.
The 2009 special election for New York's 23rd congressional district was held on November 3, 2009, to select the successor to Republican John M. McHugh. McHugh was nominated to become United States Secretary of the Army on June 2, 2009, and resigned as representative of New York's 23rd congressional district on September 21, 2009, after being confirmed by the Senate.
Carl Pasquale Paladino is an American businessman and political activist. Paladino is the chairman of Ellicott Development Co., a real estate development company he founded in 1973.
The 1970 United States Senate election in New York was held on November 3, 1970, to elect New York's Class I Senator in its delegation. Representative Charles Goodell had been appointed by Governor Nelson Rockefeller to serve the remainder of Robert F. Kennedy's senatorial term, following Kennedy's assassination.
The 2012 United States Senate election in New York took place on November 6, 2012, concurrently with the U.S. presidential election as well as other elections to the United States Senate and House of Representatives as well as various state and local elections.
A 2011 special election in New York's 26th congressional district was held on May 24, 2011 to fill a seat in the U.S. Congress for New York's 26th congressional district. The seat had been vacated due to the February 2011 resignation of married Rep. Chris Lee, who left office amid a scandal involving flirtatious emails and a shirtless picture he sent to a woman he met on Craigslist. Four candidates competed in the election: Republican Assemblymember Jane Corwin; Democrat Erie County Clerk Kathy Hochul; Green Party candidate Ian Murphy, editor of the Buffalo Beast; and independent candidate Jack Davis, a businessman running on the Tea Party line. On Election Day, Hochul won an upset victory, prevailing over Corwin by a margin of 47.24%-42.28%; Davis received 8.99% of the vote.
Mark John Grisanti is an American lawyer, politician, and judge from New York. After being elected to the New York State Senate in District 60 as a Republican in 2010, Grisanti took office as a State Senator on January 3, 2011. Grisanti served in the State Senate from 2011 to 2014, when he was defeated in the Republican primary and in the general election. Grisanti was appointed to the New York State Court of Claims in May 2015 and later became an Acting Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of New York, Eighth Judicial District.
The Marriage Equality Act is a 2011 landmark New York State law that made same-sex marriage legal. The bill was introduced in the New York State Assembly by Assemblyman Daniel O'Donnell and in the New York State Senate by Senator Thomas Duane. It was signed into law by Gov. Andrew Cuomo on June 24, 2011 and took effect on July 24, 2011.
A 2011 special election in New York's 9th congressional district was held on September 13, 2011 to fill a seat in the U.S. Congress for New York's 9th congressional district, after Representative Anthony Weiner resigned from the seat on June 21, 2011 due to his sexting scandal. Democratic Party nominee David Weprin, a member of the New York State Assembly, faced Republican and Conservative Party nominee Bob Turner, a businessman who had unsuccessfully sought the seat in 2010.
The 2012 New York state elections took place on November 6, 2012. These elections included the 2012 presidential election, an election to one U.S. Senate seat, and elections to all 27 New York congressional seats, all 63 seats in the New York State Senate, and all 150 seats in the New York State Assembly.
The 2014 New York gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Democratic Governor Andrew Cuomo sought re-election to a second term in office, though incumbent Lieutenant Governor Robert Duffy did not seek re-election. Cuomo and his running mate, former U.S. Representative Kathy Hochul, won contested primaries, while Republican Rob Astorino, the Westchester County Executive, and his running mate were unopposed for their party's nomination. Astorino and Moss were also cross-nominated by the Conservative Party and the Stop Common Core Party.
The 2018 New York gubernatorial election occurred on November 6, 2018. Incumbent Democratic Governor Andrew Cuomo won re-election to a third term, defeating Republican Marc Molinaro and several minor party candidates. Cuomo received 59.6% of the vote to Molinaro's 36.2%.
The 2018 New York state elections took place on November 6, 2018. On that date, the State of New York held elections for the following offices: Governor and Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Comptroller, U.S. Senate, U.S. House of Representatives, New York State Senate, New York State Assembly, and various others. Primary elections took place on September 13, 2018. As of May 2018, Democrats had won all 19 elections to statewide offices that have occurred in New York since 2002.