The Marcha Real is the national anthem of Spain. It is one of only four national anthems in the world – along with those of Bosnia and Herzegovina, San Marino and Kosovo – that have no official lyrics. Although many different lyrics have been made for it in the past, it has never had official lyrics as a national anthem.
The "State Anthem of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics" was the national anthem of the Soviet Union and the regional anthem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1944 to 1991, replacing "The Internationale". Its original lyrics were written by Sergey Mikhalkov (1913–2009) in collaboration with Gabriyel’ Arkadyevich Ureklyan (1899–1945), and its music was composed by Alexander Alexandrov (1883–1946). For a two-decade interval following de-Stalinization, the anthem was performed without lyrics. The second set of lyrics, also written by Mikhalkov and in which Stalin's name was omitted, was adopted in 1977.
"Salve a ti, Nicaragua" is the national anthem of Nicaragua. It was approved October 20, 1939, and officially adopted August 25, 1971. The lyrics were written by Salomón Ibarra Mayorga, and it was composed by Ernesto o Anselmo Castinove, with arrangement by Luis A. Delgadillo.
The "Himno de Riego" is a song dating from the Trienio Liberal (1820–1823) of Spain and named in honour of Colonel Rafael del Riego, a figure in the respective uprising, which restored the liberal constitution of 1812. The lyrics were written by Evaristo Fernández de San Miguel, while the music is typically attributed to José Melchor Gomis.
Marcha de Oriamendi, is the anthem of the Carlist movement. The name of the anthem stems from the battle of Oriamendi which took place in 1837 during the First Carlist War.
The Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador is an anti-revisionist Marxist–Leninist communist party in Ecuador, founded August 1, 1964, following a split from the Communist Party of Ecuador.
Songs of the Spanish Civil War were folk songs and anthems brought by fighters on both sides of the War. The songs were adapted into marching songs, or sung around campfires.
The "Peronist March" is the anthem of the Peronist movement and the official song of the Justicialist Party of Argentina, previously known as the Peronist Party. Originally composed as a football club anthem by Juan Raimundo Streiff in the 1930s, its current lyrics, alluding to President Juan Domingo Perón and the movement he led and founded, were written by education minister Oscar Ivanissevich in 1948 and first recorded by Hugo del Carril in 1949.
A referendum on whether Augusto Pinochet, the head of a military dictatorship, should become president for eight years under resumed civilian rule was held in Chile on October 5, 1988. The "No" side won with 56% of the vote, marking the end of Pinochet's 16+1⁄2-year rule. Democratic elections were held in 1989, leading to the establishment of a new government in 1990.
Communist symbolism represents a variety of themes, including revolution, the proletariat, the peasantry, agriculture, or international solidarity. The red flag, the hammer and sickle and the red star or variations thereof are some of the symbols adopted by communist movements, governments, and parties worldwide.
“Marcha Roberto Sacasa” was the national anthem of Nicaragua adopted in 1889 after the assumption of presidency by Roberto Sacasa. It was composed by Alejandro Cousin and it had no words. It was abolished after the liberal revolution of 1893, when it was replaced by the new national anthem Hermosa Soberana.
