List of sapphires by size

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The Logan Sapphire Logan Sapphire SI.jpg
The Logan Sapphire

This is a list of sapphires by size.

Sapphire

Sapphires are a precious gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, consisting of aluminum oxide (α-Al 2 O 3) with trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, chromium, copper, or magnesium. It is typically blue, but natural "fancy" sapphires also occur in yellow, purple, orange, and green colors; "parti sapphires" show two or more colors. The only color corundum stone that the term sapphire is not used for is red, which is called a ruby. [1] Pink colored corundum may be either classified as ruby or sapphire depending on locale. Commonly, natural sapphires are cut and polished into gemstones and worn in jewelry. They also may be created synthetically in laboratories for industrial or decorative purposes in large crystal boules. Because of the remarkable hardness of sapphires – 9 on the Mohs scale (the third hardest mineral, after diamond at 10 and moissanite at 9.5) – sapphires are also used in some non-ornamental applications, such as infrared optical components, high-durability windows, wristwatch crystals and movement bearings, and very thin electronic wafers, which are used as the insulating substrates of special-purpose solid-state electronics such as integrated circuits and GaN-based blue LEDs.

Contents

Sapphire is the birthstone for September and the gem of the 45th anniversary. A sapphire jubilee occurs after 65 years. [2]

List of sapphires

SapphireOriginDateSizeCutColorLocationRef
Star of Adam Sri Lanka20151,404.49 carats (280.898 g)StarBlueAnonymous owner [3]
Black Star of Queensland Australia1938733 carats (146.6 g)Black [4]
Star of India Sri Lanka563.4 carats (112.68 g)Blue-gray American Museum of Natural History, New York [5]
Queen Marie of Romania 478.68 carats (95.736 g)CushionBlueAnonymous owner [6]
Logan Sapphire 422.99 carats (84.598 g) National Museum of Natural History, Washington [7]
Star of Asia Burma330 carats (66 g)Star [8]
Star of Artaban Sri Lanka287 carats (57.4 g)Blue-violet [9]
Star of Bombay 182 carats (36.4 g) [10]
Ruspoli Sapphire 136.9 carats (27.38 g) [11]
Stuart Sapphire Sri Lanka104 carats (20.8 g)Blue Tower of London [12]
Bismarck Sapphire Myanmar 98.56 carats (19.712 g)Table National Museum of Natural History, Washington [13]
James J. Hill Sapphire 22.66 carats (4.532 g)Cornflower [14]

See also

Bibliography

Notes

    1. ↑ Gemological Institute of America 2019.
    2. ↑ BBC News 2017.
    3. ↑ Sivaramakrishnan 2016.
    4. ↑ Naso 2003.
    5. ↑ American Museum of Natural History 2019.
    6. ↑ Christie's 2003.
    7. ↑ Smithsonian Institution 2019a.
    8. ↑ Smithsonian Institution 2019b.
    9. ↑ Abrams 2012, p. 31.
    10. ↑ Howard 2011.
    11. ↑ Farges et al. 2015, p. 392.
    12. ↑ Younghusband & Davenport 1919, p. 57.
    13. ↑ Smithsonian Institution 2019.
    14. ↑ United Press International 2007.

    References

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