MR 2251-178

MR 2251-178
Image with ESO's VLT MUSE, showing doubly ionized oxygen in blue
Observation data (Epoch )
Constellation	Aquarius
Right ascension	22h 51m 12.2s
Declination	-17h 51m 49s
Redshift	0.064 z
Notable features	Largest emission line nebula surrounding it
See also: Quasar, List of quasars

MR 2251-178 is a relatively nearby radio-quiet quasar located at a distance of z=0.064 in the constellation Aquarius. It has the record of having the largest ionized nebula surrounding it with it having the mass of 6 million solar masses. A spiral complex that extends for over 200 kiloparsecs also surrounds the quasar. ^{[1] [2]}

The quasar is a small but gas-rich spiral galaxy that has much of its gas ionized from a recent galactic merger event with a nearby galaxy called G1. It is located on the outskirts of an irregular cluster of galaxies. ^[1] This cluster has approximately 50 galaxies within it. ^[3]

Nebula

MR 2251-178 has the largest nebula surrounding it out of any known quasar discovered. The bulk of it is composed of hydrogen. ^[2] The nebula is ionized but a large fraction of the nebula is very faint and diffuse. The smooth rotation of the nebula eliminates a cooling flow of gas as the origin of this nebula. Instead it likely originated from a past merger event with a nearby galaxy named G1. ^{[2] [1]}

Merger event

The galaxy had experienced a recent galactic merger with the galaxy G1. It is located nearby and the result of the merger that left it tidally stripped of gas. It also lead to the creation of the ionized nebula surrounding MR 2251-178. ^[1]

References

1. Komossa, S. (2001-03-01). "The X-ray view of the quasar MR 2251-178 and its host cluster: Variability, absorption, and intracluster gas emission". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 367 (3): 801–808. arXiv: astro-ph/0101424 . Bibcode:2001A&A...367..801K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010022. ISSN   0004-6361.
2. Shopbell, P. L.; Veilleux, S.; Bland-Hawthorn, J. (October 1999). "The Very Extended Ionized Nebula around the Quasar MR 2251-178". The Astrophysical Journal. 524 (2): L83 –L86. arXiv: astro-ph/9908287 . Bibcode:1999ApJ...524L..83S. doi:10.1086/312311. ISSN   0004-637X.
3. Phillips, M. M. (March 1980). "MR 2251-178 : a nearby quasi-stellar object in a cluster of galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 236: L45 –L48. Bibcode:1980ApJ...236L..45P. doi:10.1086/183196. ISSN   0004-637X.