Gliese 849

Last updated
Gliese 849
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0       Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Aquarius
Right ascension 22h 09m 40.34431s [1]
Declination –04° 38′ 26.6508″ [1]
Apparent magnitude  (V)10.41 [2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Main sequence [3]
Spectral type M3.5V [4]
U−B color index 1.055 [2]
B−V color index 1.531±0.035 [2]
V−R color index 1.12 [2]
R−I color index 1.41 [2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−15.26±0.10 [2]  km/s
Proper motion (μ)RA: 1,132.583(39)  mas/yr [1]
Dec.: −22.157(37)  mas/yr [1]
Parallax (π)113.4447 ± 0.0300  mas [1]
Distance 28.750 ± 0.008  ly
(8.815 ± 0.002  pc)
Absolute magnitude  (MV)10.62 [2]
Details [5]
Mass 0.465±0.011  M☉
Radius 0.464±0.018  R☉
Luminosity 0.02887±0.00025  L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.771±0.032  cgs
Temperature 3,467±68 [6]   K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.09±0.09 [6]   dex
Rotation 40.45+0.19
−0.18  d [6]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)2.4 [3]  km/s
Other designations
BD−05°5715, GJ  849, HIP  109388, LFT  1689, LHS  517, LPM  814, LTT  8889, NLTT  53078, GCRV  13921, 2MASS J22094029-0438267 [7]
Database references
SIMBAD data
Exoplanet Archive data
ARICNS data
Planet
Gliese 849b data Archived 2019-06-05 at the Wayback Machine

Gliese 849, or GJ 849, is a small, solitary star in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. It has a reddish hue and is invisible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 10.41. [2] The distance to this star is 28.8 light-years (8.8 parsecs ) based on parallax, [1] but it is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −15.3 km/s. [2] It has a pair of confirmed gas giant companions. [8]

Contents

The stellar classification of GJ 849 is M3.5V, [4] which means this is a small red dwarf star generating energy through hydrogen fusion at its core region. Various studies have found super-solar abundances in the spectra, [8] indicating that the elemental abundances of higher mass elements is significantly higher than in the Sun. The star has about half the mass and size of the Sun, [3] and is spinning slowly with a rotation period of approximately 39 days. [9] The estimated age of the star is more than three billion years. [3] It is radiating a mere 2.9% [5] of the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,490 K. [5]

Planetary system

In late 2006, a long-period Jupiter-like exoplanet was reported to be orbiting the red dwarf in a period just over 5 years in length. There was also a linear trend in the radial velocities which suggested another longer period companion. [3] The trend in the radial velocities was confirmed in 2013. [10] An orbit for the second exoplanet was finally determined in 2015. The first planet discovered, Gliese 849 b, was the first planet discovered orbiting a red dwarf with a semi-major axis greater than 0.21 AU. [8]

The Gliese 849 planetary system [6]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b ≥0.893+0.094
−0.097  MJ 		2.32+0.11
−0.13		1925.31±6.50.029±0.019——
c≥0.99±0.11  MJ 4.95+0.25
−0.28		5990+110
−100		0.092+0.038
−0.036		——

See also

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gliese 436</span> Star in the constellation Leo

Gliese 436 is a red dwarf located 31.9 light-years away in the zodiac constellation of Leo. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 10.67, which is much too faint to be seen with the naked eye. However, it can be viewed with even a modest telescope of 2.4 in (6 cm) aperture. In 2004, the existence of an extrasolar planet, Gliese 436 b, was verified as orbiting the star. This planet was later discovered to transit its host star.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gliese 229</span> Star in the constellation Lepus

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Gliese 674(GJ 674) is a small red dwarf star with an exoplanetary companion in the southern constellation of Ara. It is too faint to be visible to the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 9.38 and an absolute magnitude of 11.09. The system is located at a distance of 14.8 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −2.9 km/s. It is a candidate member of the 200 million year old Castor stream of co-moving stars.

HD 1237 is a binary star system approximately 57 light-years away in the constellation of Hydrus.

Gliese 832 is a red dwarf of spectral type M2V in the southern constellation Grus. The apparent visual magnitude of 8.66 means that it is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. It is located relatively close to the Sun, at a distance of 16.2 light years and has a high proper motion of 818.16 milliarcseconds per year. Gliese 832 has just under half the mass and radius of the Sun. Its estimated rotation period is a relatively leisurely 46 days. The star is roughly 6 billion years old.

Gliese 317 is a small red dwarf star with two exoplanetary companions in the southern constellation of Pyxis. It is located at a distance of 49.6 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +87.8 km/s. This star is too faint to be viewed with the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 11.98 and an absolute magnitude of 11.06.

Gliese 86 is a K-type main-sequence star approximately 35 light-years away in the constellation of Eridanus. It has been confirmed that a white dwarf orbits the primary star. In 1998 the European Southern Observatory announced that an extrasolar planet was orbiting the star.

Gliese 176 is a small star with an orbiting exoplanet in the constellation of Taurus. With an apparent visual magnitude of 9.95, it is too faint to be visible to the naked eye. It is located at a distance of 30.9 light years based on parallax measurements, and is drifting further away with a heliocentric radial velocity of 26.4 km/s.

Gliese 832 b is a gas giant exoplanet about 80% the mass of Jupiter, located 16.2 light-years from the Sun in the constellation of Grus, orbiting the red dwarf star Gliese 832.

Gliese 433 is a dim red dwarf star with multiple exoplanetary companions, located in the equatorial constellation of Hydra. The system is located at a distance of 29.6 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, and it is receding with a radial velocity of +18 km/s. Based on its motion through space, this is an old disk star. It is too faint to be viewed with the naked eye, having an apparent visual magnitude of 9.81 and an absolute magnitude of 10.07.

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Gliese 179 is a small red dwarf star with an exoplanetary companion in the equatorial constellation of Orion. It is much too faint to be visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 11.94. The system is located at a distance of 40.5 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of –9 km/s. It is a high proper motion star, traversing the celestial sphere at an angular rate of 0.370″·yr−1.

Gliese 754 is a dim star in the southern constellation of Telescopium. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 12.25, which requires a telescope to view. The star is located at a distance of 19.3 light-years from the Sun based on parallax, and it is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +7 km/s. It is one of the hundred closest stars to the Solar System. Calculations of its orbit around the Milky Way showed that it is eccentric, and indicate that it might be a thick disk object.

Gliese 180, is a small red dwarf star in the equatorial constellation of Eridanus. It is invisible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 10.9. The star is located at a distance of 39 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −14.6 km/s. It has a high proper motion, traversing the sky at the rate of 0.765 arcseconds per year.

GJ 3323 is a nearby single star located in the equatorial constellation Eridanus, about 0.4° to the northwest of the naked eye star Psi Eridani. It is invisible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude 12.20. Parallax measurements give a distance estimate of 17.5 light-years from the Sun. It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +42.3 km/s. Roughly 104,000 years ago, the star is believed to have come to within 7.34 ± 0.16 light-years of the Solar System.

Gliese 251, also known as HIP 33226 or HD 265866, is a star located about 18 light years away from the Solar System. Located in the constellation of Gemini, it is the nearest star in this constellation. It is located near the boundary with Auriga, 49 arcminutes away from the bright star Theta Geminorum; due to its apparent magnitude of +9.89 it cannot be observed with the naked eye. The closest star to Gliese 251 is QY Aurigae, which is located 3.5 light years away.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GJ 1151</span> Red dwarf star

GJ 1151 is a star located in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Major at a distance of 26.2 light-years from the Sun. It has a reddish hue and is too faint to be visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 14.0 The star is moving closer with a radial velocity of −36 km/s, and has a relatively large proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at a rate of 1.815″·yr−1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gliese 15 Ac</span> Subjovian planet orbiting Gliese 15 A

Gliese 15 Ac is an exoplanet orbiting the nearby red dwarf star Gliese 15 A, which is part of a binary star system located about 11.6 light-years from the Sun. The planet was first proposed in October 2017 using radial velocity data from the CARMENES spectrograph, combined with measurements from the HARPS and HIRES spectrographs, and its existence was confirmed in April 2018 using HARPS-N data. It has a minimum mass 36 times that of Earth and orbits at around 5.4 astronomical units with a period of 7,600 days, an orbit which may have been sculpted by interaction with the companion star, Gliese 15 B. As of 2020, Gliese 15 Ac is the longest-period sub-Jovian planet discovered by radial velocity.

Gliese 328, also known as BD+02 2098, is a M-type main-sequence star located 66.9 light-years away in the constellation Hydra. Its surface temperature is 3989 K. Gliese 328 is depleted in heavy elements compared to the Sun, with a metallicity Fe/H index of −0.13. The age of the star is unknown. Gliese 328 exhibits an activity cycle similar to that of the Sun, with a period around 2000 d.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters. 38 (5): 331. arXiv: 1108.4971 . Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. S2CID   119257644.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Butler, R. Paul; et al. (2006). "A Long-Period Jupiter-Mass Planet Orbiting the Nearby M Dwarf GJ 849". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 118 (850): 1685–1689. arXiv: astro-ph/0610179 . Bibcode:2006PASP..118.1685B. doi:10.1086/510500. S2CID   14787596.
  4. 1 2 Schweitzer, A.; et al. (May 2019). "The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Different roads to radii and masses of the target stars". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 625: 16. arXiv: 1904.03231 . Bibcode:2019A&A...625A..68S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834965. S2CID   102351979. A68.
  5. 1 2 3 Pineda, J. Sebastian; Youngblood, Allison; France, Kevin (September 2021). "The M-dwarf Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Sample. I. Determining Stellar Parameters for Field Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 918 (1): 23. arXiv: 2106.07656 . Bibcode:2021ApJ...918...40P. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0aea . S2CID   235435757. 40.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Pinamonti, M.; Barbato, D.; et al. (June 2023). "The GAPS programme at TNG. XLVI. Deep search for low-mass planets in late-dwarf systems hosting cold Jupiters". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 677. arXiv: 2306.04419 . Bibcode:2023A&A...677A.122P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346476. S2CID   259095781.
  7. ↑ "BD-05 5715". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 2021-02-20.
  8. 1 2 3 Feng, Y. Katherina; et al. (2015). "The California Planet Survey IV: A Planet Orbiting the Giant Star HD 145934 and Updates to Seven Systems with Long-period Planets". The Astrophysical Journal. 800 (1). 22. arXiv: 1501.00633 . Bibcode:2015ApJ...800...22F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/800/1/22. S2CID   56390823.
  9. ↑ Suárez Mascareño, A.; et al. (September 2015), "Rotation periods of late-type dwarf stars from time series high-resolution spectroscopy of chromospheric indicators", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 452 (3): 2745–2756, arXiv: 1506.08039 , Bibcode:2015MNRAS.452.2745S, doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1441, S2CID   119181646.
  10. ↑ Bonfils, Xavier; Delfosse, Xavier; Udry, Stéphane; Forveille, Thierry; Mayor, Michel; Perrier, Christian; Bouchy, François; Gillon, Michaël; Lovis, Christophe; Pepe, Francesco; Queloz, Didier; Santos, Nuno C.; Ségransan, Damien; Bertaux, Jean-Loup (2011). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets XXXI. The M-dwarf sample". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 549: A109. arXiv: 1111.5019 . Bibcode:2013A&A...549A.109B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014704. S2CID   119288366.
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