Malang metropolitan area

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Malang metropolitan area
Malang Raya
2018-11-15 Northern Side of Brawijaya University view from Apartment Suhat at dusk.jpg
Malang cityscape at dusk
Malang metropolitan area
Coordinates: 8°00′S112°37′E / 8.000°S 112.617°E / -8.000; 112.617
CountryFlag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
ProvinceFlag of East Java.svg  East Java
Core city Malang
Satellite city Batu
Regencies Malang Regency
Area
  Total3,835.9 km2 (1,481.0 sq mi)
Population
 (mid 2023 estimate [1] )
  Total3,801,089
  Density990/km2 (2,600/sq mi)
Demonym Arek Malang or Arema [2]
Time zone UTC+7 (Indonesia Western Time)
Area code (+62) 341
Vehicle sign N
GDP metro 2023 [3]
 - TotalIncrease2.svg Rp 241.950 trillion
Increase2.svg US$ 15.873 billion
Increase2.svg US$ 50.837 billion (PPP)
 - Per capitaIncrease2.svg Rp 63.653 million
Increase2.svg US$  4,176
Increase2.svg US$ 13,374 (PPP)
Highest elevation 3,676 m/12,060 ft (Semeru, in Malang Regency)

Greater Malang (Indonesian : Malang Raya) is a region in East Java, Indonesia, encompassing the municipality of Malang and its hinterland. About 3 million people in East Java reside in Greater Malang. The principal city, Malang is well known as the home of notable universities in Indonesia, [4] and the nearby Batu (now also an independent city), is well known as a tourism centre in East Java. [5]

Contents

History

Karesidenan Malang

In the Dutch colonial era, Greater Malang was a residency, an old form of second-tier subdivision, called Karesidenan Malang (Malang Residency), consisting of four cities (Malang, Batu, Pasuruan, Probolinggo) and four regencies (Malang Regency, Pasuruan Regency, Probolinggo Regency, Lumajang Regency). [6] [7] But now, the definition of Greater Malang just consists of the Malang highlands area, namely Malang city, Batu city, and Malang Regency, together with one district (kecamatan Purwodadi) of Pasuruan Regency. [8] Even this is excessive, as parts of Malang Regency - the 9 districts in the south (bordering the south coast of East Java) and the 3 districts lying west of Batu city - are not part of the Malang Valley urbanisation. The component parts are tabled below, with their areas, their populations at the 2010 and 2020 Censuses, and the official estimates as at mid 2023. [1]

Demography

Population density of Java and Madura by subdistrict as of 2022, with major urban areas shown Population density map of Java and Madura by subdistrict (kelurahan) (2022).svg
Population density of Java and Madura by subdistrict as of 2022, with major urban areas shown
Administrative

division

Area

(km2)

Pop'n
2010
Census
Pop'n
2020
Census
Pop'n
mod 2023
estimate
Density
per km2
mid 2023
Malang City111.08820,043843,810865,2717,789.62
Batu City194.17190,184213,046220,1931,134.02
Malang Regency 3,530.652,446,2182,654,4482,715,624769.16
Greater Malang3,835.903,456,4453,711,3043,801,089990.93

Sources: Statistics Indonesia [1]

Geography

Greater Malang is located in the middle of East Java, and the eastern part of the region includes the Eastern salient of Java region. The region covers over 2,337 km2.

The eastern section of Greater Malang, among Java's most rugged regions, isolates the eastern salient from Java's central heartland to its west. [9] The Tengger massif (including Mount Bromo), and Mount Semeru, Java's highest peak, lie in this section. [9] The western area of this region is also a mountainous region, including Arjuno-Welirang and Kawi-Butak. However, those parts of the Regency to the south of Greater Malang are just a lower elevation plain, with the southern coast bordering the Indian Ocean and small karst hills below 1000 metres. [10]

Climate

While most parts of the region are plateau or highlands (except the southern area), the climate of Greater Malang is milder than the rest of Indonesia. In middle of year, mountainous area of Greater Malang over 2000 metres above sea level, is dry winter with light snow and frost, which means the temperature always below zero Celsius during late night until morning, especially the light snow is commonly visible in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. [11]

Climate data for Malang, East Java, Indonesia (elevation 450 m or 1,480 ft)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)28.5
(83.3)
28.5
(83.3)
28.5
(83.3)
28.7
(83.7)
29.0
(84.2)
28.8
(83.8)
28.4
(83.1)
29.3
(84.7)
29.8
(85.6)
30.2
(86.4)
29.5
(85.1)
28.5
(83.3)
29.0
(84.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)24.0
(75.2)
24.1
(75.4)
24.0
(75.2)
24.0
(75.2)
23.9
(75.0)
23.2
(73.8)
22.4
(72.3)
23.2
(73.8)
23.6
(74.5)
24.3
(75.7)
24.3
(75.7)
23.8
(74.8)
23.7
(74.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)19.6
(67.3)
19.7
(67.5)
19.5
(67.1)
19.3
(66.7)
18.9
(66.0)
17.7
(63.9)
16.5
(61.7)
17.1
(62.8)
17.5
(63.5)
18.5
(65.3)
19.2
(66.6)
19.1
(66.4)
18.5
(65.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches)334
(13.1)
307
(12.1)
292
(11.5)
173
(6.8)
132
(5.2)
77
(3.0)
47
(1.9)
26
(1.0)
43
(1.7)
106
(4.2)
225
(8.9)
326
(12.8)
2,088
(82.2)
Average relative humidity (%)81.782.382.279.279.877.375.172.970.970.974.479.177.1
Source 1: Climate-Data.org (temp & precip) [12]
Source 2: Weatherbase (humidity) [13]

According to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, the climate of Malang city is tropical monsoon (Am).

Climate data for Tulungrejo, Bumiaji, Batu (elevation 1,200 m or 3,900 ft)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)21.4
(70.5)
21.6
(70.9)
21.6
(70.9)
21.5
(70.7)
21.5
(70.7)
21.2
(70.2)
20.7
(69.3)
21
(70)
21.8
(71.2)
22.2
(72.0)
21.8
(71.2)
21.5
(70.7)
21.5
(70.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)17.6
(63.7)
17.7
(63.9)
17.8
(64.0)
17.8
(64.0)
17.3
(63.1)
16.9
(62.4)
16.1
(61.0)
16.2
(61.2)
16.9
(62.4)
17.6
(63.7)
17.9
(64.2)
17.6
(63.7)
17.3
(63.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)13.9
(57.0)
13.9
(57.0)
14.1
(57.4)
13.6
(56.5)
13.2
(55.8)
12.6
(54.7)
11.5
(52.7)
11.4
(52.5)
12
(54)
13.1
(55.6)
14
(57)
13.8
(56.8)
13.1
(55.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)406
(16.0)
353
(13.9)
395
(15.6)
242
(9.5)
176
(6.9)
81
(3.2)
52
(2.0)
35
(1.4)
46
(1.8)
130
(5.1)
282
(11.1)
385
(15.2)
2,583
(101.7)
Average relative humidity (%)81.782.382.279.279.877.375.172.970.970.974.479.177.1
Source 1: Climate-Data.org (temp & precip) [14]
Source 2: Weatherbase (humidity) [15]
Climate data for Ngadas, Malang Regency (elevation 2,071 m or 6,795 ft)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)18.3
(64.9)
18.4
(65.1)
18.6
(65.5)
18.3
(64.9)
18.2
(64.8)
17.8
(64.0)
17.2
(63.0)
17.3
(63.1)
18
(64)
18.5
(65.3)
18.3
(64.9)
18.2
(64.8)
18.1
(64.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)14.6
(58.3)
14.6
(58.3)
14.9
(58.8)
14.4
(57.9)
14.1
(57.4)
13.6
(56.5)
12.7
(54.9)
12.7
(54.9)
13.4
(56.1)
14.1
(57.4)
14.6
(58.3)
14.5
(58.1)
14.0
(57.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)10.9
(51.6)
10.8
(51.4)
11.2
(52.2)
10.6
(51.1)
10.1
(50.2)
9.4
(48.9)
8.2
(46.8)
8.2
(46.8)
8.8
(47.8)
9.8
(49.6)
11
(52)
10.9
(51.6)
10.0
(50.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)297
(11.7)
328
(12.9)
347
(13.7)
182
(7.2)
108
(4.3)
63
(2.5)
31
(1.2)
15
(0.6)
20
(0.8)
79
(3.1)
159
(6.3)
319
(12.6)
1,948
(76.9)
Source: Climate-Data.org (temp & precip) [16]

According to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, the climate of Batu city and Upper Greater Malang over 1000 metres above sea level classified as subtropical highland variety(Cwb).

Panoramas

View of Malang from The 1o1 Hotel 2019-01-24 (cropped).jpg
Panorama view of Malang city with Arjuno-Welirang and Kawi Butak mountains covered by Cumulonimbus cloud in January 2019.
View of Batu from Gunung Banyak View Of Batu & Malang From Gunung Banyak (cropped).jpg
View of Batu from Gunung Banyak

See also

Related Research Articles

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References

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