Mikania scandens

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Mikania scandens
Starr 031108-0005 Mikania scandens.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Mikania
Species:
M. scandens
Binomial name
Mikania scandens
Synonyms
  • Eupatorium scandens
  • Mikania angulosa
  • Mikania batatifolia
  • Willoughbya heterophylla

Mikania scandens is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, Asteraceae. Its common names include climbing hempvine, climbing hempweed, and louse-plaster. [1] It is native to the eastern and central United States, with its distribution extending into Tamaulipas, Mexico. [1] Reports of its presence in Ontario, Canada are erroneous. [2] It is an introduced and invasive species on many Pacific Islands [3] and in parts of southern Asia. [4]

Contents

Description

This species is a perennial herb which grows as a branching vine. The leaves are oppositely arranged at swollen nodes on the stem. They have triangular or heart-shaped, sometimes toothed blades up to 15 centimeters long by 11 wide. The flower heads are clustered in panicles. The flower head is about half a centimeter long and is enclosed in narrow, sometimes purple-tinged phyllaries. The flowers are pinkish, purplish, or white. The fruit is a dark-colored, resinous achene about half a centimeter long, including its pappus of white or purplish bristles. [2] [3]

Biology

The pappus-tipped seeds are dispersed on the wind or on clothing or fur. The plant also reproduces vegetatively by rooting from the nodes on sections of stem. [3] The climbing herbage can become weedy and dense, sometimes covering other vegetation. [5] It also has allelopathic effects on other plants. [4]

Its native habitat includes wooded areas and swamps. [3]

This is a host plant for the larvae of the Little Metalmark (Calephelis virginiensis), and the adult consumes the nectar. [6]

Uses

This plant is cultivated as a cover crop and a livestock fodder. It is also grown as an ornamental plant [3] and it is used in butterfly gardens. [6]

It is used in traditional medicine systems of the Indian subcontinent as a treatment for gastric ulcers, wounds, and insect bites and stings. [7]

Related Research Articles

Asteraceae Large family of flowering plants

The family Asteraceae, alternatively Compositae, consists of over 32,000 known species of flowering plants in over 1,900 genera within the order Asterales. Commonly referred to as the aster, daisy, composite, or sunflower family, Compositae were first described in the year 1740. The number of species in Asteraceae is rivaled only by the Orchidaceae, and which is the larger family is unclear as the quantity of extant species in each family is unknown.

<i>Callistephus</i> Species of plant

Callistephus is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, containing the single species Callistephus chinensis. Its common names include China aster and annual aster. It is native to China and Korea. and it is cultivated worldwide as an ornamental plant in cottage gardens and as a cut flower.

<i>Mikania</i> Genus of flowering plants in the daisy family Asteraceae

Mikania is a genus of about 450 species in the Eupatorieae (boneset) tribe within the Asteraceae (sunflower) family.

<i>Senecio ampullaceus</i> Species of plant

Senecio ampullaceus, also known as Texas ragwort, Texas squaw-weed, Texas groundsel, and Texas butterweed, is a species of Senecio in the family Asteraceae, receiving its Latin name ampullaceus from its flask shaped flower-head. It is recommended for landscape use in its native Texas.

<i>Crupina vulgaris</i> Species of flowering plant

Crupina vulgaris is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, Asteraceae. Its common names include common crupina, bearded-creeper, false saw-wort, and starry scabious. It is native to parts of Europe, Asia, and North Africa, and it is known elsewhere as an introduced species and often a noxious weed.

<i>Mikania micrantha</i> Species of flowering plant

Mikania micrantha is a tropical plant in the Asteraceae; known as bitter vine, climbing hemp vine, or American rope. It is also sometimes called mile-a-minute vine. It is known as Japani lota in Assam.

Senecio mattirolii is a perennial herb of the family Asteraceae endemic to altitudes between 3600–4500 meters on the slopes of the mountains of the Ruwenzori Mountains in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo and an atypical species of the genus Senecio because it has purple flowers.

<i>Solidago nemoralis</i> Species of plant

Solidago nemoralis is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, Asteraceae. It is native to North America, where it is widely found in Canada and the United States. Its common names include gray goldenrod, gray-stem goldenrod, old-field goldenrod, field goldenrod, prairie goldenrod, dwarf goldenrod, and dyersweed goldenrod.

<i>Lasthenia maritima</i> Species of flowering plant

Lasthenia maritima is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names maritime goldfields and seaside goldfields.

<i>Barkleyanthus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Barkleyanthus is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, containing the single species Barklyanthus salicifolius, a plant formerly classified in the genus Senecio. It is native to North and Central America, where its distribution extends from the southwestern United States to El Salvador. Its common names include willow ragwort, willow groundsel, Barkley's-ragwort, and jarilla.

<i>Blepharizonia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Blepharizonia is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae. There are two species, both endemic to California. They are known generally as big tarweeds.

<i>Porophyllum gracile</i>

Porophyllum gracile is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names odora and slender poreleaf. It is native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States from California to Texas, where it can be found in rocky and sandy desert scrub habitat.

<i>Dicranopteris linearis</i> Species of plant

Dicranopteris linearis is a common species of fern known by many common names, including Old World forked fern, uluhe (Hawaiian), and dilim (Filipino). It is one of the most widely distributed ferns of the wet Old World tropics and adjacent regions, including Polynesia and the Pacific. In parts of the New World tropics its niche is filled by its relative, Dicranopteris pectinatus.

<i>Vicia menziesii</i> Species of legume

Vicia menziesii is a rare species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name Hawaiian vetch. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Hawaii. It is threatened by habitat loss and exotic plants. It has been federally listed as an endangered species of the United States since 1978. It was the first Hawaiian plant to be placed on the Endangered Species List.

Herrickia horrida is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name horrid herrickia. It is native to Colorado and New Mexico in the United States, where it occurs only in the Animas River basin. It is often included in genus Eurybia.

<i>Ripogonum scandens</i> Species of flowering plant

Ripogonum scandens, is a common rainforest vine native to New Zealand. It can also grow in areas of swamp.

<i>Bothriochloa pertusa</i> Species of plant

Bothriochloa pertusa is a species of grass. It is widely used as a fodder and a graze for livestock.

<i>Aeschynomene indica</i> Species of legume

Aeschynomene indica is a species of flowering plant in the legume family. Common names include Indian jointvetch, kat sola, budda pea, curly indigo, hard sola, northern jointvetch, indische Schampflanze (German), angiquinho, maricazinho, papquinha, pinheirinho, he meng (Chinese), kusanemu (Japanese), diya siyambala (Sinhala), and ikin sihk (Pohnpeian).

<i>Canavalia cathartica</i> Species of legume

Canavalia cathartica, commonly known as maunaloa in the Hawaiian language, is a species of flowering plant in the legume family, Fabaceae. The Hawaiian name translates as long mountain. In English it may also be known as poisonous sea bean, ground jack bean, horse bean, silky sea bean or wild bean. It has a Paleotropical distribution, occurring throughout tropical regions in Asia, Africa, Australia, and many Pacific Islands, and extending just into subtropical areas. It is not native to Hawaii, and is an invasive species there.

<i>Leersia hexandra</i> Species of plant

Leersia hexandra is a species of grass known by the common names southern cutgrass, clubhead cutgrass, and swamp rice grass. It has a pantropical distribution. It is also an introduced species in many regions, sometimes becoming invasive, and it is an agricultural weed of various crops, especially rice. It is also cultivated as a forage for livestock.

References

  1. 1 2 "Mikania scandens". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 21 January 2018.
  2. 1 2 Mikania scandens. Flora of North America.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Mikania scandens. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER).
  4. 1 2 Piyasena, K. and H. Dharmaratne. (2013). Allelopathic activity studies of Mikania scandens. Natural Product Research 27(1), 76-79.
  5. Moon, M., et al. (1993). Acclimatization to flooding of the herbaceous vine, Mikania scandens. Functional Ecology 7(5), 610-15.
  6. 1 2 Mikania scandens. Natives For Your Neighborhood. The Institute for Regional Conservation, Florida.
  7. Dey, P., et al. (2011). Neuropharmacological properties of Mikania scandens (L.) Willd.(Asteraceae). Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research 2(4), 255-59.