NHL outdoor games

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The 2012 Winter Classic at Citizens Bank Park in Philadelphia The 2012 NHL Winter Classic at Citizens Bank Park.jpg
The 2012 Winter Classic at Citizens Bank Park in Philadelphia

The National Hockey League (NHL) first held a regular season outdoor ice hockey game in 2003, and since 2008 the league has scheduled at least one per year.

Contents

The NHL primarily uses three brands for outdoor games: the Heritage Classic, Winter Classic, and Stadium Series. The 2003 Heritage Classic between the Edmonton Oilers and Montreal Canadiens was the first outdoor regular season game in NHL history. The Heritage Classic has since been held infrequently in football stadiums in Canada, featuring match-ups solely between Canadian teams, until the Buffalo Sabres make their appearance in the 2022 Heritage Classic. The annual Winter Classic, held on New Year's Day in football or baseball stadiums near NHL home markets in the United States, began with the 2008 game between the Pittsburgh Penguins and the Buffalo Sabres. The NHL then started the Stadium Series in 2014 for additional outdoor games in the United States. The number of Stadium Series games has varied per season (four in 2014, only one in 2015, two in 2016, and one per season since 2017). Both the Winter Classic and the Stadium series featured match-ups solely between American teams until the Toronto Maple Leafs' appearances in both the 2014 Winter Classic and the 2018 Stadium Series.

To celebrate the NHL's 100 year anniversary in 2017, the league scheduled two special outdoor games: the NHL Centennial Classic between Detroit and Toronto on January 1 (through season 2016–2017) to kick off the year, and then the NHL 100 Classic on December 16 (during 2017–2018 season) between Montreal and the Ottawa Senators to commemorate the league's first game, having taken place exactly 100 years before, between the same contenders. The four teams involved in said honorific matches constitute four of the league's Original Six members. Then in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the league held the NHL Outdoors at Lake Tahoe, two outdoor games played without spectators.

Prior to 2003, NHL teams had been involved in at least three outdoor exhibitions. Two of these came in the 1950s and were effectively informal scrimmages; in 1954, the Detroit Red Wings visited Marquette Branch Prison and played a match against the prison inmates in a fenced-off, open air ice rink, while in 1956, the Boston Bruins played a game against several local teams in Bay Roberts, Newfoundland. In neither case was a formal game structure maintained or score kept, as the NHL teams hopelessly outmatched the hosts. In 1991, the Los Angeles Kings and New York Rangers played a pre-season game outside Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, in the first officially sanctioned outdoor NHL contest.

The NHL's outdoor series have proven wildly popular with fans and have led to numerous attendance records. The 2003 Heritage Classic drew 57,167 fans, a league record that stood until 71,217 fans in Buffalo set another NHL record in the inaugural Winter Classic in 2008. The 2014 Winter Classic, between Toronto and the Detroit Red Wings drew 105,491 fans, the current NHL record.

History

The first outdoor game on record to feature an NHL team was attempted on February 2, 1954. [1] The Detroit Red Wings played an exhibition game on an outdoor ice surface, in 21 °F (−6 °C) degree weather, against the Marquette Pirates, an athletic club composed of inmates at Michigan's Marquette Branch Prison. The game, and the Pirates club, was allegedly organized as a way for Red Wings manager Jack Adams to make good with two convicted mafia members incarcerated at the prison. By the end of the first period alone, the Red Wings had amassed an 18–0 score against the prisoners; score keeping was abandoned after that point and the rest of the game effectively became an informal scrimmage. [2]

Two years after the 1954 prison match, the Boston Bruins went on a postseason barnstorm of Atlantic Canada in April 1956, which included a stop in Bay Roberts, Newfoundland. On April 9, 1956, the Bruins played an exhibition game against teams from the Conception Bay North Hockey League on an outdoor artificial ice surface, under similar rules to those of the 1954 prison match. Four teams each played one period against the Bruins who dominated the game. Only one goal was scored on Terry Sawchuk by the local teams. [3]

During their time at the Civic Arena, the Pittsburgh Penguins could have theoretically hosted an outdoor NHL game due to the arena having a retractable roof. (The arena was originally built for the Pittsburgh Civic Light Opera, who only stayed at the arena until 1973.) However, the roof was always closed during hockey games with both the Penguins and their AHL predecessors, the Pittsburgh Hornets, whom the Penguins replaced upon the 1967 NHL expansion. The roof was permanently closed after 1994 when the Penguins replaced the center scoreboard. [4]

The first outdoor game between two NHL teams (and the first played to completion) was an official pre-season match-up on September 27, 1991. The game took place in the parking lot of Caesars Palace [5] in Las Vegas, and featured the Los Angeles Kings and the New York Rangers. [6] The process of keeping the ice cool in the desert heat required three times as much coolant as a standard NHL rink. [7] There were few problems despite temperatures that reached 95 °F (35 °C) during the day and a game time temperature of 80 °F (27 °C). [7] During the contest grasshoppers began to jump onto the ice, where they would freeze or drown in water used to maintain the ice, and by the end of the second period the ice was littered with the bugs. [6] Nearly 14,000 fans watched the Kings defeat the Rangers 5–2. [8] From 1997 to 2016, the Los Angeles Kings returned to Las Vegas to play an annual indoors preseason game as part of the Frozen Fury series. In 2016, Las Vegas obtained its own NHL franchise and the fury series was moved to Salt Lake City, Utah.

The first regular season outdoor game in the history of the NHL took place on November 22, 2003, at Edmonton's Commonwealth Stadium, when the Edmonton Oilers played the Montreal Canadiens in the 2003 Heritage Classic. [9] The Oilers had suggested the idea of hosting an outdoor game as early as the mid-1980s, [10] but the genesis of the 2003 event was the "Cold War" outdoor game played two years prior between Michigan State University and the University of Michigan. [11]

The inaugural Winter Classic was played at Ralph Wilson Stadium in Buffalo, New York NHL Winter Classic 2008.jpg
The inaugural Winter Classic was played at Ralph Wilson Stadium in Buffalo, New York

In 2005, NBC Sports Executive VP Jon Miller then pitched the concept an annual outdoor game as a television event to the NHL, "but they didn't find the concept workable." [12] In December 2006, Miller found an ally in then-league Executive VP/Business & Media John Collins, who embraced the idea. [13] [14] This led to the inaugural Winter Classic game on January 1, 2008, with the Pittsburgh Penguins visiting the Buffalo Sabres at Ralph Wilson Stadium. [9]

On May 1, 2013, the NHL announced that the Chicago Blackhawks would host the Pittsburgh Penguins at Soldier Field in Chicago on March 1, 2014, as part of a new series of outdoor games called the NHL Stadium Series. [15] By the end of May 2013, the NHL had scheduled a record six outdoor NHL games for the 2013–14 season: one Winter Classic, one Heritage Classic, and four Stadium Series games.

In scheduling outdoor games in the New York metropolitan area that feature the New York Rangers (first occurring during two of the four 2014 Stadium Series games, and subsequently the 2018 Winter Classic), the team has always been designated as the "away" team. This is to maintain the property tax-exempt status of the Rangers' home arena, Madison Square Garden (MSG). The tax exemption stipulates that it only applies if the Rangers do not "cease playing" home games at MSG, generally interpreted as playing any "home" game outside of MSG. [16] [17] By designating the Rangers as the "away" team and Buffalo as the "home" team in the 2018 Winter Classic at Citi Field in New York City, it would save MSG from paying more than $40 million in property taxes. [18]

Up until 2013, NHL's outdoor games were held exclusively in Canada and in the Midwest and Northeast United States. That changed in the 2014 Stadium Series when the Los Angeles Kings became the first West Coast team to host a regular season outdoor game, facing their in-city rival Anaheim Ducks at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles on January 25. [19] The San Jose Sharks followed suit, hosting their archrival Kings in the 2015 NHL Stadium Series at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara. [20] The first outdoor game to take place in a Southern state took place in the 2020 Winter Classic when the Dallas Stars hosted the Nashville Predators at the Cotton Bowl in Dallas. [21]

The 2019 NHL Stadium Series was held at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 2019 NHL Stadium Series at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia.jpg
The 2019 NHL Stadium Series was held at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

In 2016, the Penguins and the Philadelphia Flyers worked out an agreement to play a home-and-home series of outdoors games. [22] The two archrivals played the 2017 Stadium Series game at Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, and then played the 2019 Stadium Series game at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia. The two teams had also discussed playing a neutral site game at Beaver Stadium at State College, Pennsylvania, but this did not materialize, due mainly to concerns about Beaver Stadium's plumbing being unable to withstand an event in winter [23] [22] On March 6, 2016, the NHL officially announced that the Jets will host the Oilers in the 2016 Heritage Classic during the 2016–17 NHL season, held in October. [24]

To celebrate the NHL's 100th year in 2017, the league held two special outdoor games. The first, branded as the Centennial Classic, between the Detroit Red Wings and Toronto Maple Leafs, was held on January 1 (during the 2016–17 NHL season) to kick off the year. [25] The second, branded as the NHL 100 Classic, was held on December 16 (during the 2017–18 season) between the Montreal Canadiens and the Ottawa Senators. [26]

When the 2018 NHL Stadium Series at Navy–Marine Corps Memorial Stadium at the U.S. Naval Academy was announced, NHL commissioner Gary Bettman said that it was the start of a unique partnership with the U.S. military in which the league plans to host outdoor games at military service academies around the United States. [27] The 2020 NHL Stadium Series was held at Falcon Stadium at the U.S. Air Force Academy on February 15, 2020. [28]

In 2021, the NHL announced the creation of a two-game series, the NHL Outdoors at Lake Tahoe, to function as the replacement for the cancelled outdoor games of the 2020–21 season. [29] In view of the COVID-19 pandemic, fans would not be allowed at the games and instead the games would serve as a made-for-television event intended to simulate pond hockey. [30] [ better source needed ]

Rule differences

The NHL outdoor games have additional weather-related rules, including: [31] [32] [33]

The 2008 NHL Winter Classic was the first game to use "hard whistle" stoppages during the third period and overtime, and to have the teams defend the same goal during the shootout. [34]

The 2011 NHL Winter Classic was delayed from its original 1:00 p.m. start time to 8:00 p.m. due to warm temperatures and rain in the forecast. [35] The start time of the 2012 NHL Winter Classic was also delayed two hours due to the sun hitting the ice. [36] Sunlight also adversely affected the ice conditions of the first game of the NHL Outdoors at Lake Tahoe, causing the start of the second period to be delayed for several hours. The start time of the second Lake Tahoe game was also delayed because of the conditions. [37]

Hosting statistics

The 2019 Heritage Classic at Mosaic Stadium in Regina, Saskatchewan, was the first Heritage Classic held outside the locales the participants are based in 2019 Heritage Classic Gameplay.jpeg
The 2019 Heritage Classic at Mosaic Stadium in Regina, Saskatchewan, was the first Heritage Classic held outside the locales the participants are based in

As of January 2024:

Cancelled and postponed games

The Dallas Stars had originally been scheduled to play a stadium game at Houston's Reliant Stadium during their 2011 pre-season, but this game was ultimately cancelled. [38] [39] [40]

The 2013 NHL Winter Classic was originally scheduled to be contested at Michigan Stadium between the Detroit Red Wings and Toronto Maple Leafs. Due to the 2012–13 NHL lockout resulting in an abbreviated 2012–13 season, this Winter Classic matchup at Michigan Stadium was postponed and would be held during the following season instead. [41] [42] [43] [44] [45]

The Winnipeg Jets announced in 2013 that they had reached an agreement with the NHL to host a fourth Heritage Classic at Investors Group Field, the home of the CFL's Winnipeg Blue Bombers, which they hoped to hold during the team's fifth anniversary in 2015–16. [46] However, a disagreement occurred between the NHL and the Winnipeg Blue Bombers over the game's exact date: the league wanted it held in December 2015 while the football team became concerned that this date was too close to the 103rd Grey Cup being held at the stadium on November 29. [47] In January 2015, the Jets announced that they could not reach an agreement to finalize a date for the Heritage Classic during the 2015–16 season and that they were now looking for a new date during the 2016–17 season. [48] On March 6, 2016, the NHL officially announced that the Jets would host the Oilers in the 2016 Heritage Classic during the 2016–17 NHL season, held in October. [24]

For the 2020–21 season, the 2021 NHL Winter Classic was originally planned to take place at Target Field between the St. Louis Blues and the Minnesota Wild, and the Carolina Hurricanes were scheduled to host a Stadium Series game at Carter–Finley Stadium on February 20, 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic delaying the conclusion of the previous season to September and postponing the start of a shortened 2020–21 season to January, as well as uncertainty about fan attendance because of local health restrictions, the two events were postponed to 2022 at the earliest; an opponent for the Hurricanes was not yet determined at the time the postponement was made. [49] [50] On June 28, 2021, the league confirmed that the Blues and the Wild would play in the 2022 Winter Classic at Target Field, but the Hurricanes asked the league to postpone their outdoor game for another year to at least the 2022–23 season "to assure a safe environment." [51] [52] The Hurricanes would become the first warm-climate Eastern Conference team to host an outdoor game. [53]

List of NHL outdoor games

Fireworks after the end of the 2011 Heritage Classic, held at McMahon Stadium in Calgary, Alberta. The game was the second Heritage Classic held by the NHL. 2011 Heritage Classic fireworks.png
Fireworks after the end of the 2011 Heritage Classic, held at McMahon Stadium in Calgary, Alberta. The game was the second Heritage Classic held by the NHL.
The 2014 Winter Classic was held at Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The game saw over 105,000 people in attendance. 2014 NHL Winter Classic before puck drop.jpg
The 2014 Winter Classic was held at Michigan Stadium in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The game saw over 105,000 people in attendance.
The second game of the 2016 Stadium Series was held at Coors Field in Denver, Colorado Coors Field (25338638722).jpg
The second game of the 2016 Stadium Series was held at Coors Field in Denver, Colorado

Bolded teams denote winners

DateEventSitePrimary team at venueAway teamHome teamScoreAttendance
February 2, 1954 Exhibition Game Marquette Branch Prison,
Marquette, Michigan
Marquette Prison Pirates [54] Detroit Red Wings Marquette Prison Pirates [55] 600
April 9, 1956 Conception Bay Sports Arena,
Bay Roberts, Newfoundland
Local Conception Bay North Hockey League teams Boston Bruins Bay Roberts, Brigus,
Shearstown, Coley's Point
(1 period each) [56]
September 27, 1991 Caesars Palace,
Las Vegas, Nevada
New York Rangers Los Angeles Kings 5–213,007
November 22, 2003 Heritage Classic Commonwealth Stadium,
Edmonton, Alberta
Edmonton Eskimos (CFL) Montreal Canadiens Edmonton Oilers 4–357,167
January 1, 2008 Winter Classic Ralph Wilson Stadium,
Orchard Park, New York
Buffalo Bills (NFL) Pittsburgh Penguins Buffalo Sabres 2–1

(SO)

71,217
January 1, 2009 Wrigley Field,
Chicago
Chicago Cubs (MLB) Detroit Red Wings Chicago Blackhawks 6–440,818
January 1, 2010 Fenway Park,
Boston
Boston Red Sox (MLB) Philadelphia Flyers Boston Bruins 2–1 (OT)38,112
January 1, 2011 Heinz Field,
Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh Steelers (NFL) Washington Capitals Pittsburgh Penguins 3–168,111
February 20, 2011 Heritage Classic McMahon Stadium,
Calgary, Alberta
Calgary Stampeders (CFL) Montreal Canadiens Calgary Flames 4–041,022
January 2, 2012 Winter Classic Citizens Bank Park,
Philadelphia
Philadelphia Phillies (MLB) New York Rangers Philadelphia Flyers 3–246,967
January 1, 2014 Michigan Stadium,
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Michigan Wolverines (NCAA) Toronto Maple Leafs Detroit Red Wings 3–2 (SO)105,491
January 25, 2014 [57] Stadium Series Dodger Stadium,
Los Angeles
Los Angeles Dodgers (MLB) Anaheim Ducks Los Angeles Kings 3–054,099
January 26, 2014 [58] Yankee Stadium,
New York City
New York Yankees (MLB) New York Rangers New Jersey Devils 7–350,105
January 29, 2014 [58] New York Islanders 2–150,027
March 1, 2014 [59] Soldier Field,
Chicago
Chicago Bears (NFL) Pittsburgh Penguins Chicago Blackhawks 5–162,921 [60]
March 2, 2014 [59] Heritage Classic BC Place,
Vancouver
BC Lions (CFL) Ottawa Senators Vancouver Canucks 4–254,194
January 1, 2015 [59] Winter Classic Nationals Park,
Washington, D.C.
Washington Nationals (MLB) Chicago Blackhawks Washington Capitals 3–242,832
February 21, 2015 Stadium Series Levi's Stadium,
Santa Clara, California
San Francisco 49ers (NFL) Los Angeles Kings San Jose Sharks 2–170,205
January 1, 2016 Winter Classic Gillette Stadium,
Foxborough, Massachusetts
New England Patriots (NFL) Montreal Canadiens Boston Bruins 5–167,246
February 21, 2016 Stadium Series TCF Bank Stadium,
Minneapolis
Minnesota Golden Gophers (NCAA) Chicago Blackhawks Minnesota Wild 6–150,426
February 27, 2016 Coors Field,
Denver, Colorado
Colorado Rockies (MLB) Detroit Red Wings Colorado Avalanche 5–350,095
October 23, 2016 Heritage Classic Investors Group Field,
Winnipeg, Manitoba
Winnipeg Blue Bombers (CFL) Edmonton Oilers Winnipeg Jets 3–033,240
January 1, 2017 Centennial Classic BMO Field,
Toronto
Toronto Argonauts (CFL) and Toronto FC (MLS) Detroit Red Wings Toronto Maple Leafs 5–4 (OT)40,148 [61] [62] [63]
January 2, 2017 Winter Classic Busch Stadium,
St. Louis, Missouri
St. Louis Cardinals (MLB) Chicago Blackhawks St. Louis Blues 4–146,556
February 25, 2017 Stadium Series Heinz Field,
Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh Steelers (NFL) Philadelphia Flyers Pittsburgh Penguins 4–267,318
December 16, 2017 NHL 100 Classic TD Place Stadium,
Ottawa, Ontario
Ottawa Redblacks (CFL) Montreal Canadiens Ottawa Senators 3-033,959
January 1, 2018 Winter Classic Citi Field,
New York City
New York Mets (MLB) New York Rangers Buffalo Sabres 3–2 (OT)41,821
March 3, 2018 Stadium Series Navy–Marine Corps Memorial Stadium,
Annapolis, Maryland
Navy Midshipmen (NCAA) Toronto Maple Leafs Washington Capitals 5-229,516
January 1, 2019 Winter Classic Notre Dame Stadium,
Notre Dame, Indiana
Notre Dame Fighting Irish (NCAA) Boston Bruins Chicago Blackhawks 4-276,126
February 23, 2019 Stadium Series Lincoln Financial Field,
Philadelphia
Philadelphia Eagles (NFL) Pittsburgh Penguins Philadelphia Flyers 4-3 (OT)69,620
October 26, 2019 Heritage Classic Mosaic Stadium,
Regina, Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan Roughriders (CFL) Calgary Flames Winnipeg Jets 2-1 (OT)33,518
January 1, 2020 Winter Classic Cotton Bowl Stadium,
Dallas, Texas
Red River Showdown (NCAA) Nashville Predators Dallas Stars 2-485,630
February 15, 2020 Stadium Series Falcon Stadium,
Air Force Academy, Colorado
Air Force Falcons (NCAA) Los Angeles Kings Colorado Avalanche 3-143,574
February 20, 2021 NHL Outdoors at Lake Tahoe Edgewood Tahoe Resort,
Stateline, Nevada
American Century Championship (Golf) Vegas Golden Knights Colorado Avalanche 3-2N/A
February 21, 2021 Philadelphia Flyers Boston Bruins 7-3N/A
January 1, 2022§Winter Classic Target Field,
Minneapolis
Minnesota Twins (MLB) St. Louis Blues Minnesota Wild 6-438,519
February 26, 2022 Stadium Series Nissan Stadium,
Nashville, Tennessee [51]
Tennessee Titans (NFL) Tampa Bay Lightning Nashville Predators 3-268,619
March 13, 2022 Heritage Classic Tim Hortons Field,
Hamilton, Ontario
Hamilton Tiger-Cats (CFL) Toronto Maple Leafs Buffalo Sabres 2-526,119
January 2, 2023 Winter Classic Fenway Park,
Boston
Boston Red Sox (MLB) Pittsburgh Penguins Boston Bruins 1-239,243 [64]
February 18, 2023§Stadium Series Carter–Finley Stadium,
Raleigh, North Carolina [51]
NC State Wolfpack (NCAA) Washington Capitals Carolina Hurricanes 1-456,961
October 29, 2023 Heritage Classic Commonwealth Stadium,
Edmonton, Alberta
Edmonton Elks (CFL) Calgary Flames Edmonton Oilers 2-555,411
January 1, 2024 Winter Classic T-Mobile Park,
Seattle
Seattle Mariners (MLB) Vegas Golden Knights Seattle Kraken 0-347,313
February 17, 2024 Stadium Series MetLife Stadium,
East Rutherford, New Jersey
New York Giants and New York Jets (NFL) Philadelphia Flyers New Jersey Devils 3-670,328
February 18, 2024 New York Rangers New York Islanders 6-5 (OT)79,690
December 31, 2024 Winter Classic Wrigley Field,
Chicago
Chicago Cubs (MLB) St. Louis Blues Chicago Blackhawks TBDTBD
March 1, 2025 Stadium Series Ohio Stadium,
Columbus, Ohio
Ohio State Buckeyes (NCAA) Detroit Red Wings Columbus Blue Jackets TBDTBD

† Due to rain being forecast, the BC Place retractable roof was kept closed during the game. [65]

§ The game was originally scheduled for 2021, but it was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Outdoor games by team

Skaters with the Chicago Blackhawks warming up prior to the 2015 Winter Classic. The Blackhawks have participated in six outdoor games. Marian Hossa and Patrick Kane 2015 NHL Winter Classic (16295359296).jpg
Skaters with the Chicago Blackhawks warming up prior to the 2015 Winter Classic. The Blackhawks have participated in six outdoor games.
TeamNumber of
appearances
'Home'
appearances
'Visitor'
appearances
AppearancesWinsLosses
Anaheim Ducks 101 2014 10
Boston Bruins 541 2010, 2016, 2019, 2021, 2023 41
Buffalo Sabres 321 2008, 2018, 2022 12
Calgary Flames 312 2011, 2019, 2023 12
Carolina Hurricanes 11 2023 10
Chicago Blackhawks 633 2009, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2025 15
Colorado Avalanche 330 2016, 2020, 2021 12
Columbus Blue Jackets 0 2025
Dallas Stars 110 2020 10
Detroit Red Wings 413 2009, 2014, 2016, 2017, 2025 22
Edmonton Oilers 321 2003, 2016, 2023 21
Florida Panthers 0
Los Angeles Kings 312 2014, 2015, 2020 21
Minnesota Wild 220 2016, 2022 11
Montreal Canadiens 404 2003, 2011, 2016, 2017 22
Nashville Predators 211 2020, 2022 02
New Jersey Devils 220 2014, 2024 11
New York Islanders 220 2014, 2024 02
New York Rangers 55 2012, 2014 (2 games), 2018, 2024 50
Ottawa Senators 211 2014, 2017 20
Philadelphia Flyers 624 2010, 2012, 2017, 2019, 2021, 2024 15
Pittsburgh Penguins 624 2008, 2011, 2014, 2017, 2019, 2023 24
San Jose Sharks 110 2015 01
Seattle Kraken 110 2024 10
St. Louis Blues 211 2017, 2022, 2025 20
Tampa Bay Lightning 101 2022 10
Toronto Maple Leafs 422 2014, 2017, 2018, 2022 22
Utah NHL Team 0
Vancouver Canucks 110 2014 01
Vegas Golden Knights 202 2021, 2024 02
Washington Capitals 422 2011, 2015, 2018, 2023 31
Winnipeg Jets 220 2016, 2019 11

This table excludes exhibition games with non-NHL opponents (such as those in 1954 and 1956) and pre-season games (such as the one in 1991).

‡ The Rangers were designated as the visiting team for the three games held in New York City to comply with a property tax exemption for Madison Square Garden that requires the Rangers to play all of their home games at the arena.

Italics indicate a future outdoor game.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2003 Heritage Classic</span> Outdoor National Hockey League game

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2008 NHL Winter Classic</span> Outdoor National Hockey League game in Orchard Park, New York

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">NHL Winter Classic</span> Ice hockey game

The NHL Winter Classic is an annual outdoor ice hockey game played during the National Hockey League's (NHL) regular season on or around New Year's Day. It is generally held in a football or baseball stadium in the United States in an area with a resident NHL team, though for most of the game's existence, they are usually played in a baseball stadium to avoid scheduling and logistical conflicts with football stadiums during the National Football League regular season. The Winter Classic is distinct from the league's two other series of outdoor games, the NHL Heritage Classic and the NHL Stadium Series. The first Winter Classic was held in 2008 at Ralph Wilson Stadium in Orchard Park, New York, between the Buffalo Sabres and Pittsburgh Penguins. Fifteen Winter Classics have been held as of January 2024. The most recent game was played during the 2023–24 NHL season at T-Mobile Park, with the Seattle Kraken defeating the Vegas Golden Knights 3−0.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NHL Heritage Classic</span> Ice hockey game

The NHL Heritage Classic is one of the series of regular season outdoor games played in the National Hockey League (NHL) that is held in football stadiums based in Canada. Unlike the NHL's other two series of outdoor games, the NHL Winter Classic and the NHL Stadium Series, the Heritage Classic has been held infrequently: only seven games have been played in the series so far, and the first five match-ups were exclusively between Canadian teams.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2009 NHL Winter Classic</span> Outdoor National Hockey League game in Chicago, Illinois

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 NHL Stadium Series</span> Outdoor National Hockey League game

The 2014 NHL Stadium Series was a series of four outdoor regular season National Hockey League (NHL) games played during the 2013–14 season. It was the inaugural season of the NHL Stadium Series and these events are distinct from the NHL Winter Classic and NHL Heritage Classic outdoor games. The Stadium Series games consisted of: the Los Angeles Kings against the Anaheim Ducks at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles on January 25, 2014; the New Jersey Devils against the New York Rangers at Yankee Stadium in the Bronx of New York City on January 26; the New York Islanders against the Rangers at Yankee Stadium on January 29; and the Pittsburgh Penguins against the Chicago Blackhawks at Soldier Field in Chicago on March 1, 2014.

The Stadium Series is one of the series of regular season outdoor games played in the National Hockey League (NHL). This event is distinct from the NHL's other two series of outdoor games, the NHL Winter Classic played on New Year's Day in a different NHL city every year, and the NHL Heritage Classic. Games in the Stadium Series have been held in either late January, February, or early March in a football or baseball stadium in the United States. The first Stadium Series was held in 2014 and consisted of seven teams participating in four games held in three venues. In 2015, only one game in the Stadium Series was held, while in 2016 and in 2024, two games were held. From 2017 to 2023 and again in 2025, only one game was scheduled per year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2017 NHL Winter Classic</span> Outdoor National Hockey League game in St. Louis, Missouri

The 2017 NHL Winter Classic was an outdoor ice hockey game played in the National Hockey League (NHL) on January 2, 2017, at Busch Stadium in St. Louis, Missouri. The ninth edition of the Winter Classic, it matched the St. Louis Blues against the Chicago Blackhawks; the Blues won, 4−1. The game was announced on March 9, 2016, after news of the matchup had been leaked on February 7 before the details had been finalized, and was one of four outdoor regular season games during the 2016–17 NHL season.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NHL Centennial Classic</span> Outdoor National Hockey League game

The NHL Centennial Classic was a regular season outdoor National Hockey League (NHL) game that was held on January 1, 2017. The game featured the Toronto Maple Leafs taking on the Detroit Red Wings at BMO Field in Toronto. This was the first time an NHL outdoor game was played in Toronto.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2017 NHL Stadium Series</span> Outdoor National Hockey League game

The 2017 NHL Stadium Series was a regular season National Hockey League (NHL) game played outdoors, part of the Stadium Series of games held at football or baseball stadiums. The Philadelphia Flyers played against the Pittsburgh Penguins at Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on February 25, 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NHL Outdoors at Lake Tahoe</span> Outdoor National Hockey League game

NHL Outdoors at Lake Tahoe was a series of two outdoor regular season National Hockey League (NHL) games, held on the weekend of February 20–21, 2021. Both games were played without fans at a rink on the 18th fairway of the Edgewood Tahoe Resort in Stateline, Nevada, on the south shore of Lake Tahoe. The elevation of the rink was approximately 6,240 feet (1,900 m) above sea level.

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