Lincoln Financial Field

Last updated

Lincoln Financial Field
The Linc
Lincoln Financial Field logo.svg
Lincoln Financial Field (Aerial view).jpg
Lincoln Financial Field in March 2012
Street map of Philadelphia and surrounding area.png
Red pog.svg
Lincoln Financial Field
Location in Philadelphia
USA Pennsylvania relief location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Lincoln Financial Field
Location in Pennsylvania
Usa edcp relief location map.png
Red pog.svg
Lincoln Financial Field
Location in the United States
Address1020 Pattison Avenue
Location Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Coordinates 39°54′3″N75°10′3″W / 39.90083°N 75.16750°W / 39.90083; -75.16750
Public transit BSicon SUBWAY.svg SEPTA.svg NRG
Aiga bus trans.svg SEPTA.svg SEPTA bus: 4, 17
Owner City of Philadelphia [1]
Operator Philadelphia Eagles
Executive suites172
Capacity 67,594 [2]
Record attendance77,900 (Ed Sheeran, June 3, 2023) [3]
Field size790 by 825 feet (241 m × 251 m) – 15 acres (6.1 ha) (Stadium footprint)
Surface Grassmaster hybrid [4]
Scoreboard Panasonic
North End-zone 192' x 27'
South End-zone 160' x 27'
Construction
Broke groundMay 7, 2001;23 years ago (May 7, 2001)
OpenedAugust 3, 2003;21 years ago (August 3, 2003)
Renovated2013–14
Expanded2013–14
Construction costUS$512 million
($848 million in 2023 dollars [5] )
Architect NBBJ
Agoos Lovera Architects [1]
Project managerKUD International [1]
Structural engineer Ove Arup & Partners [1]
Services engineerM-E Engineers Inc. [1]
General contractor Turner Construction [1]
Main contractorsKeating Building Corp., McKissack Group Inc. [1]
Tenants
Philadelphia Eagles (NFL) (2003–present)
Temple Owls (NCAA) (2003–present)
Philadelphia Union (MLS) (2010)
Army-Navy Game (NCAA) (2003–2006, 2008–2010, 2012–2015, 2017–2019, 2022, 2027)
Website
lincolnfinancialfield.com

Lincoln Financial Field is an American football stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is the home stadium of the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL) and the Temple Owls football team of Temple University. The stadium is located in South Philadelphia on Pattison Avenue between 11th and South Darien streets alongside I-95. It is part of the South Philadelphia Sports Complex and has a seating capacity of 67,594.

Contents

The stadium opened on August 3, 2003, after two years of construction that began on May 7, 2001, replacing Veterans Stadium, which opened in 1971 and served as the home field for both the Eagles and Philadelphia Phillies through 2002 and 2003, respectively. While total seating capacity is similar to that of Veterans Stadium, the new stadium includes double the number of luxury and wheelchair-accessible seats and more modern services. The field's construction included several LED video displays and more than 624 feet (190 m) of LED ribbon boards. [6]

Naming rights were sold in June 2002 to the Lincoln Financial Group, for a sum of $139.6 million over 21 years. The City of Philadelphia and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania cumulatively contributed approximately $188 million in public funding to the stadium construction. [7] Additional construction funding was raised from the sale of stadium builder's licenses, which are necessary to purchase season tickets for some of the stadium's best seating levels. [8]

The Army–Navy football game is frequently played at the stadium due to Philadelphia being located halfway between both service academies, the stadium being able to house the large crowds in attendance, and the historic nature of the city. Temple University's Division I college football team also plays their home games at Lincoln Financial Field, paying the Eagles $3 million a year to do so as of February 2020. [9] The Philadelphia Union of Major League Soccer have played exhibition games here against high-profile international clubs when their stadium Subaru Park does not provide adequate seating. The stadium also plays host to several soccer games each year and will host matches during the 2026 FIFA World Cup. It has also played host to the NCAA lacrosse national championship five times: 2005, 2006, 2013, 2019, and 2023.

Features

The design of the stadium is meant to evoke the team's namesake eagle with wing like canopies above the east and west stands and the Eagle's Nest balcony beyond the north end-zone. The team's primary eagle logo is patterned in the dark green seats of the upper deck of the east and west stands. Three open corners of the stadium provide fans with views of the Philadelphia skyline and the field. The exterior of the stadium uses a brick façade to reference the historic brick architecture present throughout Philadelphia, while the exposed steel structure evokes the city's bridges and future. [10]

In late spring 2013, the Eagles announced that there would be some major upgrades to Lincoln Financial Field over the next two years. The total project estimate was valued at over $125 million. The upgrades included seating expansion, two new HD video boards, upgraded amenities, WiFi, and two new connecting bridges for upper levels. These upgrades were decided upon after research from season ticket holders, advisory boards, and fan focus groups. The majority of these changes, including WiFi (which would accommodate 45,000 users and have coverage over the entire stadium), were completed by the 2013 home opener. The upgraded sound systems and video boards were finished for the 2014 season. [11]

Suites and lounges

Lincoln Financial Field seen from I-95 TheLinc-outside.jpg
Lincoln Financial Field seen from I-95

There are 172 Luxury Suites at Lincoln Financial Field. They range in capacity from 12 to 40 people and cost $75,000 to $300,000 per year or $20,000 for a single game rental. The suites are located in six separate areas throughout the stadium. There are 3,040 luxury suite seats in total. [12]

There are two exclusive 40,000 sq ft (3,700 m2) club lounges in the stadium. The lounge on the west side is the "Hyundai Club" and the one on the east side is the "Tork Club". Suite holders and club seat holders have access to these 2 lounges. There are a total of 10,828 club seats in the stadium. These club seats feature some unique benefits above and beyond the lounges. One major benefit is the lounges open hours before the event, in most cases 2–4 hours. The lounges also have multiple full-service bars in them. The seats in the club level are padded, and there is also a wait staff present to serve food and drinks. [12]

Parking

There are numerous parking lots surrounding Lincoln Financial Field. The parking assignments may change depending on other activities in the area on a particular day. According to the stadium's website, all lots cost visitors $45 and $90 for an oversized vehicle. Tailgating is allowed in all lots except for T-X lots. The majority of the lots are public cash lots. [13]

Notable events

The interior of the stadium in December 2005 Lincoln Financial Field, Philadelphia.jpg
The interior of the stadium in December 2005
The Miami Dolphins visiting Lincoln Financial Field to play the Philadelphia Eagles in Week 10 of the 2015 NFL season EaglesVsDolphinsNov15.jpg
The Miami Dolphins visiting Lincoln Financial Field to play the Philadelphia Eagles in Week 10 of the 2015 NFL season

Controversies

Training camp

The Eagles decided after the 2012 season to move training camp from Lehigh University in Bethlehem to Philadelphia. As a part of this new agreement, the Eagles will have multiple practices, which are open to the public, at Lincoln Financial Field. The rest of the practices will be closed, and will take place across the street at the NovaCare Complex. [19]

College football

The Army-Navy Game at Lincoln Financial Field in 2010 Defense.gov photo essay 101211-A-3001M-0041.jpg
The Army–Navy Game at Lincoln Financial Field in 2010

Lincoln Financial Field is the home field for Temple University football. On August 13, 2003, the Philadelphia Eagles and Temple University announced a 15-year agreement for Temple to play their home football games at Lincoln Financial Field. [20] Temple played its first game at the Linc on September 6, 2003, against Villanova, the teams' first meeting since 1980. During the 2015 season, the Temple Owls sold out the Linc on two occasions. The September 5 season opener against Penn State, and again on October 31 in a prime time matchup against Notre Dame. With its capacity of 67,594, it is the largest stadium in the American Athletic Conference.

Lincoln Financial Field is the primary home to the Army–Navy Game. The game has been played the most often in Philadelphia. It was played at Veterans Stadium for the final time in 2001, and prior to the Vet, at John F. Kennedy Stadium and Franklin Field. The Linc hosted the game five times between 2003 and 2009. It was announced on June 9, 2009, that the game would be played in Philadelphia at the Linc in 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015 and 2017. [21]

Lincoln Financial Field is one of only five stadiums to be the home of both an NFL and college team; the other four are Allegiant Stadium in Las Vegas (Raiders and UNLV), Hard Rock Stadium in Miami (Dolphins and Hurricanes), Acrisure Stadium in Pittsburgh (Steelers and Panthers), and Raymond James Stadium in Tampa (Buccaneers and South Florida).

Attendance Records

RankAttendanceDateGame Result
169,280October 31, 201521 Temple 20, 9 Notre Dame 24
269,179September 5, 2015Temple 27, Penn State 10
369,029November 10, 2007Temple 0, 25 Penn State 31
457,323September 17, 2011Temple 10, Penn State 14
535,279October 13, 2012Temple 10, 17 Rutgers 35
635,179October 10, 2015Temple 49, Tulane 10
735,117September 9, 2017Temple 16, Villanova 13
834,253October 12, 2019Temple 30, 23 Memphis 28
934,005September 2, 2016Temple 13, Army 28
1033,026October 20, 2018Temple 24, 20 Cincinnati 17OT
1132,709August 31, 2012Temple 41, Villanova 10
1232,368September 3, 2011Temple 42, Villanova 7
1332,357September 1, 2018Temple 17, Villanova 19
1432,193September 3, 2010Temple 31, Villanova 24
1531,708November 21, 2015Temple 31, Memphis 12
1631,372October 17, 2015Temple 30, UCF 16
1731,094September 28, 2019Temple 24, Georgia Tech 2
1830,610September 14, 2019Temple 20, 21 Maryland 17
1930,368August 31, 2007Temple 19, Navy 30
2030,091September 6, 2003Temple 20, Villanova 232OT

Soccer

Panorama of the U.S. National Soccer Team playing the national team of Turkey in the 2010 World Cup send-off series USA-Turkey-Linc.jpg
Panorama of the U.S. National Soccer Team playing the national team of Turkey in the 2010 World Cup send-off series
Uruguay vs. Venezuela soccer match at the stadium in June 2016 VEN-URU 9-6-2016.jpg
Uruguay vs. Venezuela soccer match at the stadium in June 2016

The stadium opened on August 3, 2003, with 68,396 attending a preseason friendly with Manchester United defeating Barcelona 3–1. [22] It hosted some 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup matches.[ citation needed ]

In 2004, after winning the gold-medal in soccer at the 2004 Summer Olympics, the U.S. women's team conducted a "Fan Celebration Tour", playing ten matches across the United States from September to December 2004. The matches were the final national team appearances for Mia Hamm, Joy Fawcett, and Julie Foudy, all of whom retired after the tour. The team played at the Linc on November 6, 2004, where they lost 3–1 to Denmark in front of 14,812 spectators. [23]

In late July and early August 2004, Manchester United returned to play Celtic and AC Milan played Chelsea in two friendly matches. [24]

On July 18, 2009, Lincoln Financial Field hosted a doubleheader quarterfinal for the 2009 CONCACAF Gold Cup. The first game was between Canada and Honduras, and the second between the United States and Panama. This was the first full international appearance for the United States national soccer team in Philadelphia since a 1968 friendly against Israel at Temple Stadium. [25]

Lincoln Financial Field was listed by U.S. Soccer's World Cup bid committee as one of 18 stadiums to be potential sites for the United States to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup. [26] [27] [28]

The Linc was also the first home of the Philadelphia Union early in 2010. The Union played their home opener against D.C. United at the Linc on April 10, 2010, due to construction delays at their new stadium, PPL Park (now Subaru Park). The Union defeated United, 3–2. The Union also played FC Dallas to a 1–1 tie in the second home game in franchise history at the Linc. After moving to their permanent venue in Chester, the Philadelphia Union continued to use the Linc for matches where ticket demand is expected to far exceed the full capacity at its regular home until 2011.[ citation needed ] English powerhouse club Manchester United met the Philadelphia Union during their pre-season tour on July 21, 2010, with Manchester United defeating the Union by a score of 1–0. [29] The Union played the Spanish powerhouse club Real Madrid on July 24, 2011, with Real Madrid prevailing, 2–1. [30]

Lincoln Financial Field also hosted the US National team's final match on home soil before the 2010 World Cup. [31] The US defeated Turkey 2–1 on May 29, 2010.

The US men's national team returned to Lincoln Financial Field on August 10, 2011, for an international friendly match against Mexico, where they tied 1-1. [32]

In 2012, the stadium hosted a World Football Challenge match between Real Madrid and Celtic F.C. with Real Madrid winning 2–0. [33]

On August 2, 2014, Lincoln Financial Field hosted a soccer match between A.S. Roma and Inter Milan which was part of the 2014 International Champions Cup. Inter Milan won the match 2–0. [34]

On July 26, 2015, the Linc hosted the final match of the 2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup.

In 2016, the stadium hosted games in the Copa América Centenario.

The Linc hosted a doubleheader of quarterfinals of the 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup and did so again for the 2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup. [35]

On July 25, 2018, the Linc hosted a 2018 International Champions Cup match between Juventus FC and FC Bayern Munich that Juventus won 2–0. [36]

On August 29, 2019, the Linc hosted the US Women's National Team in the second match of their victory tour in a game against Portugal. The match set the record for the highest attendance for the team in a friendly match, attracting 49,504 fans. The United States won 4–0. [37]

On July 31, 2024, Lincoln Financial Field hosted a friendly between Liverpool and Arsenal, with Liverpool winning 2–1. The match attracted a total of 69,879 fans, setting the record for the highest-attended soccer match in the stadium's history. [38]

DateWinning TeamResultLosing TeamTournament
August 3, 2003 Flag of England.svg Manchester United 3–1 Flag of Spain.svg Barcelona Friendly
July 28, 2004 Flag of Scotland.svg Celtic 2–1 Flag of England.svg Manchester United Friendly
August 2, 2004 Flag of Italy.svg AC Milan 3–2 Flag of England.svg Chelsea
November 6, 2004Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark 3–1Flag of the United States.svg  United States
September 13, 2008Flag of the United States.svg  United States 2–0Flag of Ireland.svg  Republic of Ireland
July 19, 2009Flag of the United States.svg  United States 2–1Flag of Panama.svg  Panama 2009 CONCACAF Gold Cup
Flag of Honduras (1949-2022).svg  Honduras 1–0Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada
April 10, 2010 Flag of the United States.svg Philadelphia Union 3–2 Flag of the United States.svg D.C. United 2010 MLS Season
May 15, 2010 Flag of the United States.svg Philadelphia Union 1–1 Flag of the United States.svg FC Dallas
May 29, 2010Flag of the United States.svg  United States 2–1Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Friendly
July 20, 2010 Flag of England.svg Manchester United 1–0 Flag of the United States.svg Philadelphia Union
July 24, 2011 Flag of Spain.svg Real Madrid 2–1 Flag of the United States.svg Philadelphia Union
August 10, 2011Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1–1Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico
August 11, 2012 Flag of Spain.svg Real Madrid 2–0 Flag of Scotland.svg Celtic 2012 World Football Challenge
August 3, 2014 Flag of Italy.svg Inter Milan 2–0 Flag of Italy.svg Roma 2014 International Champions Cup
July 26, 2015Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 3–1Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica 2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup Final
June 9, 2016Flag of Venezuela (state).svg  Venezuela 1–0Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay Copa América Centenario
June 11, 2016Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1–0Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay
June 14, 2016Flag of Chile.svg  Chile 4–2Flag of Panama.svg  Panama
July 19, 2017Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica 1–0Flag of Panama.svg  Panama 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup
Flag of the United States.svg  United States 2–0Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador
July 25, 2018 Flag of Italy.svg Juventus 2–0 Flag of Germany.svg Bayern Munich 2018 International Champions Cup
June 30, 2019Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica 1–0Flag of Panama.svg  Panama 2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup
Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1–0Flag of Curacao.svg  Curaçao
August 29, 2019Flag of the United States.svg  United States 4–0Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Friendly
July 22, 2023 Flag of England.svg Chelsea 4–3 Flag of England.svg Brighton & Hove Albion 2023 Premier League Summer Series
July 23, 2023 Flag of England.svg Fulham 3–2 Flag of England.svg Brentford
Flag of England.svg Newcastle United 3–3 Flag of England.svg Aston Villa
October 17, 2023Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico 2–2Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Friendly
March 22, 2024Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 3–0Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador Friendly
June 14, 2024Flag of Peru (state).svg  Peru 1–0Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador Friendly
July 31, 2024 Flag of England.svg Liverpool 2–1 Flag of England.svg Arsenal Friendly

2003 FIFA Women's World Cup

DateWinning TeamResultLosing TeamTournament
September 20, 2003Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 2–0Flag of France (lighter variant).svg  France Group B
Flag of North Korea.svg  North Korea 3–0Flag of Nigeria.svg  Nigeria Group A
September 25, 2003Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 1–0Flag of North Korea.svg  North Korea Group A
Flag of the United States.svg  United States 5–0Flag of Nigeria.svg  Nigeria Group A

2025 FIFA Club World Cup

Lincoln Financial Field will host matches during the 2025 FIFA Club World Cup.

DateTime (UTC−4)Team #1Res.Team #2RoundAttendance
June 16, 202521:00 Flamengo Flag of Brazil.svg Flag of Tunisia.svg Espérance de Tunis Group D
June 18, 202512:00 Manchester City Flag of England.svg Flag of Morocco.svg Wydad AC Group G
June 20, 202514:00 Flamengo Flag of Brazil.svg Flag of England.svg Chelsea Group D
June 22, 202512:00 Juventus Flag of Italy.svg Flag of Morocco.svg Wydad AC Group G
June 24, 202521:00 Espérance de Tunis Flag of Tunisia.svg Flag of England.svg Chelsea Group D
June 28, 202512:00Winner Group ARunner-up Group B Round of 16
July 4, 202515:00Winner Match 49Winner Match 50 Quarter-finals

2026 FIFA World Cup

Lincoln Financial Field will host matches during the 2026 FIFA World Cup, making it one of the eleven selected U.S. venues. During the event, the stadium will be temporarily renamed to "Philadelphia Stadium" in accordance with FIFA's policy on corporate sponsored names. [39] The stadium will host six matches: five group stage matches and one Round of 16 match on Independence Day. [40]

DateTime (UTC−4)Team #1Res.Team #2RoundAttendance
June 14, 2026--:--TBDTBD Group E
June 19, 2026--:--TBDTBD Group C
June 25, 2026--:--TBDTBD Group E
June 22, 2026--:--TBDTBD Group I
June 27, 2026--:--TBDTBD Group L
July 4, 2026--:--Winner Match 74Winner Match 977 Round of 16

Other sports

The 2019 NHL Stadium Series game after the Philadelphia Flyers defeated the Pittsburgh Penguins 4-3 in overtime 2019 NHL Stadium Series at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia.jpg
The 2019 NHL Stadium Series game after the Philadelphia Flyers defeated the Pittsburgh Penguins 4–3 in overtime

The NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship in 2005, 2006, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2019, 2023, and 2024 were held at the stadium. [41] In 2020, the event was scheduled to take place in May but was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Philadelphia Phillies celebrated their 2008 World Series championship with a parade down Broad Street, appearance before a sold-out crowd at the Linc, and then a ceremony at Citizens Bank Park. The Citizens Bank Park ceremony was simulcast to the crowd at the Linc. [42] Tickets to the event at Lincoln Financial Field were made available at no cost to the public and were gone within 45 minutes when they were made available at 3pm on October 30, 2008. [43]

Monster Jam performed at the stadium from 2010 to 2012 as part of the summer stadium tour. After a six-year absence, Monster Jam returned to the stadium on May 5, 2018. Previous events took place during the winter at the Spectrum and the Wells Fargo Center from 2013 to 2015. The Linc would host Monster Jam again in 2022, 2023, and 2024.

On February 23, 2019, the Philadelphia Flyers defeated the Pittsburgh Penguins 4–3 in overtime in the 2019 NHL Stadium Series in front of a crowd of 69,620, the largest record attendance for a hockey game in Pennsylvania.

On July 27, 2022, it was announced that Lincoln Financial Field would host WrestleMania XL, on April 6, and April 7, 2024. [44]

Entertainment

Concerts

DateArtistOpening act(s)Tour / Concert nameAttendanceRevenueNotes
August 8, 2003 Bruce Springsteen & The E Street Band The Rising Tour 139,318 / 147,763$10,342,060 [45]
August 9, 2003
August 11, 2003
July 19, 2008 Kenny Chesney Keith Urban
LeAnn Rimes
Gary Allan
Luke Bryan
Sammy Hagar
The Poets and Pirates Tour49,169 / 50,017$4,519,632Before 2008 his tours were performed at Wells Fargo Center or Susquehanna Bank Center. His Summer Tours have been held here ever since. [46]
June 27, 2009 Lady Antebellum
Miranda Lambert
Sugarland
Montgomery Gentry
Sun City Carnival Tour 52,343 / 52,343$4,407,377
June 18, 2011Kenny Chesney
Zac Brown Band
Billy Currington
Uncle Kracker
Goin' Coastal Tour 54,166 / 54,166$5,084,803
July 14, 2011 U2 Interpol U2 360° Tour 75,796 / 75,796$6,536,230The show was originally scheduled to take place on July 12, 2010, but was postponed, due to Bono's emergency back surgery.
August 6, 2011 Taylor Swift Needtobreathe
Hunter Hayes
James Wesley
Speak Now World Tour 51,395 / 51,395$4,268,678 [47]
June 16, 2012Kenny Chesney
Tim McGraw
Grace Potter and the Nocturnals
Jake Owen
Brothers of the Sun Tour 53,111 / 53,111$5,541,757
June 8, 2013Kenny Chesney
Eric Church
Eli Young Band
Kacey Musgraves
No Shoes Nation Tour 50,962 / 50,962$5,351,550
July 19, 2013Taylor Swift Ed Sheeran
Austin Mahone
Joel Crouse
The Red Tour 101,277 / 101,277$8,822,335On the show of July 20, 2013, after the opening acts performed, Swift was about to start her set, until heavy rain as well as lightning delayed the show. [48] [49]
July 20, 2013
August 13, 2014 One Direction 5 Seconds of Summer Where We Are Tour 101,527 / 101,527$8,818,556
August 14, 2014
August 15, 2014 Luke Bryan Brantley Gilbert
Lee Brice
Cole Swindell
DJ Rock
That's My Kind of Night Tour 48,576 / 48,576$3,896,840
June 12, 2015Taylor Swift Vance Joy
Shawn Mendes
The 1989 World Tour 101,052 / 101,052$11,987,816 Echosmith, Cara Delevingne & Mariska Hargitay were special guests. [50] [51]
June 13, 2015 Rachel Platten and Mariska Hargitay were special guests. [52]
July 11, 2015Kenny ChesneyEric Church
Brantley Gilbert
Chase Rice
Old Dominion
The Big Revival Tour 55,131 / 55,131$5,952,700
August 30, 2015 Kevin Hart What Now? Tour 53,000First comedian to sell out a football stadium for a stand-up comedy show.
September 1, 2015One Direction Icona Pop On the Road Again Tour 47,761 / 47,761$3,079,651During the performance, the band performed a cover of "The Fresh Prince of Bel Air" by Will Smith.
June 5, 2016 Beyoncé DJ Khaled The Formation World Tour 47,223 / 47,223$5,563,435Heavy rain and lighting slightly delayed the start of the concert. Yo Gotti, Young Gunz, Freeway, Meek Mill and Rick Ross joined DJ Khaled during the opening act. [53]
June 25, 2016Kenny ChesneyMiranda Lambert
Big & Rich
Old Dominion
Spread the Love Tour 48,322 / 50,676$4,634,450
July 14, 2016 Guns N' Roses Wolfmother Not in This Lifetime... Tour 49,328 / 49,328$4,883,474
August 6, 2016 Coldplay Alessia Cara
Foxes
A Head Full of Dreams Tour 54,497 / 54,497$5,530,866
September 29, 2016BeyoncéDJ KhaledThe Formation World Tour44,693 / 44,693$3,353,627
May 12, 2017 Metallica Volbeat WorldWired Tour 49,722 / 51,728$5,421,187Avenged Sevenfold was not able to appear as an opening act for Metallica due to Synyster Gates' wife going into labor. [54]
June 18, 2017U2 The Lumineers The Joshua Tree Tour 2017 56,570 / 56,570$6,259,880
June 9, 2018Kenny Chesney Thomas Rhett
Old Dominion
Brandon Lay
The Trip Around The Sun Tour55,238 / 55,238$6,384,845
July 13, 2018Taylor Swift Camila Cabello
Charli XCX
Taylor Swift's Reputation Stadium Tour 107,378 / 107,378$11,951,047During the second show, Swift performed "Our Song" and "Wildest Dreams" a cappella after the levitating basket stage used during "Delicate" malfunctioned. [55]
July 14, 2018
July 30, 2018Beyoncé
Jay-Z
Chloe X Halle and DJ Khaled On the Run II Tour 54,870 / 54,870$6,709,691Black Effect” was premiered and added to the setlist.
September 27, 2018 Ed Sheeran Snow Patrol
Anne-Marie
÷ Tour 54,292 / 54,292$5,161,683
July 23, 2019 The Rolling Stones Des Rocs No Filter Tour 51,115 / 51,115$11,741,373This concert was originally scheduled to take place on June 4, 2019, but was postponed due to Mick Jagger recovering from a heart procedure. [56]
June 8, 2022Coldplay H.E.R. Music of the Spheres World Tour 57,415 / 57,415$5,606,712The band performed a small excerpt of "Fly, Eagles Fly". [57]
June 19, 2022Kenny Chesney Carly Pearce
Dan + Shay
Old Dominion
Here and Now Tour
July 14, 2022 The Weeknd Kaytranada
Mike Dean
After Hours til Dawn Stadium Tour 46,486 / 46,486$5,131,280 [58] [59]
August 31, 2022 Rammstein Duo Jatekok Rammstein Stadium Tour Originally scheduled for August 23, 2020
May 12, 2023 Taylor Swift Phoebe Bridgers
Gayle
The Eras Tour First act in stadium history to sell out three shows on a single tour. [60]
May 13, 2023
May 14, 2023Phoebe Bridgers
Gracie Abrams
June 3, 2023Ed Sheeran Khalid
Dylan
+–=÷× Tour 77,900 / 77,900$7,767,923Broke the previous record for attendance on a single night with 77,900 fans attending the Mathematics tour. [61]
June 16, 2023 Billy Joel
Stevie Nicks
Two Icons: One Night
July 12, 2023Beyoncé Renaissance World Tour 52,181 / 52,181$11,976,831 [62]
June 11, 2024The Rolling Stones Kaleo Hackney Diamonds Tour
May 5, 2025 Kendrick Lamar
SZA
Grand National Tour
May 23, 2025 Metallica Limp Bizkit
Ice Nine Kills
M72 World Tour
May 25, 2025 Pantera
Suicidal Tendencies

In TV and Movies

The stadium is prominently featured in the opening of the TV show It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia . It also features in the second episode of season 3 of the show. The stadium also appeared in the 2012 movie Silver Linings Playbook . [63] [ unreliable source? ]

In The Walking Dead: The Ones Who Live , the stadium was destroyed in an airstrike during the early days of the zombie apocalypse by U.S. Air Force pilot Donald Okafor, killing 4,000 U.S. Marines, including his own wife, as mentioned in episode 1 of the show. In the same episode, Okafor uses the ruins of the stadium to hold a secret meeting with Rick Grimes and Pearl Thorne. Rick later returns to collect a zombie corpse for his escape plan. In episode 3, Thorne uses the ruins to meet with Rick and Michonne in secret.

It was featured on the finale of The Amazing Race 36.

Awards

In 2013, Lincoln Financial Field was considered one of the "greenest" NFL stadiums. [64] Energy-efficient additions include 11,000 solar panels, and 14 UGE-4K wind turbines outside and on top of the stadium respectively. These installations account for 30% of the electricity used to run the facility. 2013 also marked the fourth year in a row that the venue made the top of PETA's list of "Vegetarian-Friendly NFL Stadiums". [65]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philadelphia Eagles</span> National Football League franchise in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

The Philadelphia Eagles are a professional American football team based in Philadelphia. The Eagles compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member of the National Football Conference (NFC) East division. The team plays its home games at Lincoln Financial Field in the South Philadelphia Sports Complex.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Veterans Stadium</span> Multi-purpose venue in Philadelphia

Veterans Stadium was a multi-purpose stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, at the northeast corner of Broad Street and Pattison Avenue, part of the South Philadelphia Sports Complex. The seating capacities were 65,358 for football, and 56,371 for baseball.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NRG Stadium</span> Stadium in Houston, Texas, United States

NRG Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Houston, Texas, United States. Construction was completed in 2002, at a cost of $352 million and has a seating capacity of 72,220. It was the first NFL facility to have a retractable roof.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giants Stadium</span> Former stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey

Giants Stadium was a stadium located in East Rutherford, New Jersey, in the Meadowlands Sports Complex. The venue was open from 1976 to 2010, and primarily hosted sporting events and concerts. It was the home field of the New York metropolitan area's two National Football League teams, the New York Giants and the New York Jets. It also was the home field of two New York metro area professional soccer teams, the NASL's New York Cosmos and Major League Soccer's New York Red Bulls.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hard Rock Stadium</span> Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida

Hard Rock Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida, United States. The stadium is the home field for the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League (NFL) and the Miami Hurricanes, the University of Miami's NCAA Division I college football team.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northwest Stadium</span> American football stadium in Maryland

Northwest Stadium is an American football stadium in Landover, Maryland, located 5 miles (8.0 km) east of Washington, D.C. The stadium is the home of the Washington Commanders of the National Football League (NFL). From 2004 until 2010, it had the NFL's largest seating capacity at 91,000; it currently seats 62,000. The stadium is owned and operated by the Commanders, with non-NFL events managed by team owner Josh Harris's company Harris Blitzer Sports & Entertainment (HBSE). The stadium opened in 1997 as Jack Kent Cooke Stadium. It was known as FedExField from 1999 until 2024, when FedEx relinquished its sponsorship. The stadium was temporarily known as Commanders Field until Northwest Federal Credit Union bought naming rights a few months later.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium</span> Defunct multi-purpose stadium in Washington, D.C.

Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium, commonly known as RFK Stadium and originally known as District of Columbia Stadium, is a defunct multi-purpose stadium in Washington, D.C. It is located about two miles (3 km) due east of the U.S. Capitol building, near the west bank of the Anacostia River and next to the D.C. Armory. Opened in 1961, it was owned by the federal government until 1986.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soldier Field</span> Stadium in Chicago, Illinois

Soldier Field is a multi-purpose stadium on the Near South Side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Opened in 1924 and reconstructed in 2003, the stadium has served as the home of the Chicago Bears from the National Football League (NFL) since 1971, as well as Chicago Fire FC of Major League Soccer (MLS) from 1998 to 2006 and since 2020. It also regularly hosts stadium concerts and other large crowd events. The stadium has a football capacity of 62,500, making it the smallest stadium in the NFL. Soldier Field is also the oldest stadium established in the NFL and 3rd oldest in MLS.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United States men's national soccer team</span> Mens national soccer team

The United States men's national soccer team, abbreviated (USMNT) represents the United States in men's international soccer competitions. The team is governed by the United States Soccer Federation, which is a member of FIFA since 1914 and was a founding member of CONCACAF since 1961. It was also affiliated with NAFC, which was a predecessor confederation of CONCACAF and the governing soccer body in North America from 1946 to 1961.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cotton Bowl (stadium)</span> Stadium in Dallas, Texas, United States

The Cotton Bowl is an outdoor stadium in Dallas, Texas, United States. Opened in 1930 as Fair Park Stadium, it is on the site of the State Fair of Texas, known as Fair Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Foxboro Stadium</span> American football stadium in Foxborough, MA, US demolished in 2002

Foxboro Stadium, originally Schaefer Stadium and later Sullivan Stadium, was an outdoor stadium in the New England region of the United States, located in Foxborough, Massachusetts. It opened in 1971 and served as the home of the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL) for 31 seasons and also as the first home venue for the New England Revolution of Major League Soccer (MLS) from 1996 to 2002. The stadium was the site of several games in both the 1994 FIFA World Cup and the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup, and hosted a wide variety of other events, particularly concerts. Foxboro Stadium was demolished in 2002 and replaced by Gillette Stadium and the Patriot Place shopping center.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Franklin Field</span> Sports stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Franklin Field is a sports stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at the eastern edge of the University of Pennsylvania's campus. Named after Penn's founder, Benjamin Franklin, it is the home stadium for the Penn Relays, and the university's venue for football, track and field, and lacrosse. Franklin is also used by Penn students for recreation, intramural and club sports, including touch football and cricket; it is also the site of Penn's commencement exercises, weather permitting.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John F. Kennedy Stadium (Philadelphia)</span> Formerly an open-air stadium in Philadelphia

John F. Kennedy Stadium, formerly Philadelphia Municipal Stadium and Sesquicentennial Stadium, was an open-air stadium in Philadelphia that stood from 1926 to 1992. The South Philadelphia stadium was on the east side of the far southern end of Broad Street at a location now part of the South Philadelphia Sports Complex. Designed by the architectural firm of Simon & Simon in a classic 1920s style with a horseshoe seating design that surrounded a track and football field, at its peak the facility seated in excess of 102,000 people. Bleachers were later added at the open (North) end. The shape of the stadium resembles the horseshoe configuration of Harvard Stadium built in 1903.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rose Bowl (stadium)</span> Outdoor stadium in Pasadena, California, USA

The Rose Bowl is an outdoor athletic stadium located in Pasadena, California. Opened in October 1922, the stadium is recognized as a National Historic Landmark and a California Historic Civil Engineering landmark. At a modern capacity of an all-seated configuration at 89,702, the Rose Bowl is the 16th-largest stadium in the world, the 11th-largest stadium in the United States, and the 10th-largest NCAA stadium. The stadium is 10 miles (16 km) north-northeast of downtown Los Angeles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">State Farm Stadium</span> Stadium in Glendale, Arizona

State Farm Stadium is a multi-purpose retractable roof stadium in Glendale, Arizona, United States, west of Phoenix. It is the home of the Arizona Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL) and the annual Fiesta Bowl. It replaced Sun Devil Stadium in Tempe as the home of the Cardinals, and is adjacent to Desert Diamond Arena, former home of the Arizona Coyotes of the National Hockey League.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MetLife Stadium</span> Sports stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey

MetLife Stadium is an open-air multi-purpose stadium at the Meadowlands Sports Complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey, United States. It opened in 2010, replacing Giants Stadium, and serves as the home for the New York Giants and New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL). It is also scheduled to host the final of the 2026 FIFA World Cup. At an approximate cost of $1.6 billion, it was the most expensive stadium built in the United States at the time of its completion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Temple Stadium</span> Demolished stadium in Pennsylvania, USA

Temple Stadium was a stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It opened in 1928 and hosted the Temple University Owls football team until they moved to Veterans Stadium in 1978.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Philadelphia Sports Complex</span> Sports venue in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

The South Philadelphia Sports Complex is the home of four major Philadelphia professional sports teams. The complex is located in South Philadelphia and is the site of the Wells Fargo Center, home arena for the Philadelphia 76ers and Philadelphia Flyers, Lincoln Financial Field, home field for the Philadelphia Eagles, Citizens Bank Park, home field for the Philadelphia Phillies, and Xfinity Live!, a sports retail and entertainment center.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United States 2022 FIFA World Cup bid</span> Football tournament hosting bid

The United States Soccer Federation submitted a bid with the hope of hosting the 2022 FIFA World Cup. U.S. Soccer first said in February 2007 that it would put forth a bid for the 2018 World Cup. On January 28, 2009, U.S. Soccer announced that it would submit bids for both the 2018 and 2022 Cups. In October 2010 it withdrew from the 2018 bid process to focus on winning the 2022 edition. On December 2, 2010, it was announced that Qatar would be the host of the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2026 FIFA World Cup</span> Association football tournament in North America

The 2026 FIFA World Cup, marketed as FIFA World Cup 26, will be the 23rd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's soccer championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament will take place from June 11 to July 19, 2026. It will be jointly hosted by 16 cities in three North American countries: Canada, Mexico, and the United States. The tournament will be the first hosted by three nations and the first North American World Cup since 1994.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Lincoln Financial Field". SportsBusiness Journal. September 15, 2003.
  2. "Stadium Facts". lincolnfinancialfield.com. Retrieved April 6, 2024.
  3. "Ed Sheeran basically won Philadelphia, breaking the Linc's attendance record and choosing Philips for cheesesteaks". billypenn.com. June 5, 2023.
  4. "NFL Players Association Asking All Teams to Scrap Turf Fields and Convert to Grass". crossingbroad.com. September 30, 2020.
  5. 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–" . Retrieved February 29, 2024.
  6. "Lincoln Financial Field: Stadium Facts". Archived from the original on May 29, 2014.
  7. "The case against the Eagles: It looks like Philly's NFL team is robbing Temple". January 21, 2016.
  8. "SBL Marketplace of the Philadelphia Eagles"
  9. Narducci, Marc (February 10, 2020). "Temple football signs contract extension with Eagles to play at least five more years of home games at Lincoln Financial Field". Philadelphia Inquirer.
  10. "Lincoln Financial Field, Philadelphia Eagles Stadium". nbbj.com. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
  11. McManus, Tim (September 6, 2013). "Eagles Unveil $125 Million Plan For the Linc". phillymag.com.
  12. 1 2 "Stadium Facts". Archived from the original on May 29, 2014.
  13. "Maps and Parking – Lincoln Financial Field". Lincolnfinancialfield.com. Retrieved September 15, 2019.
  14. "Philadelphia Union 0 United 1". manutd.com. Archived from the original on August 11, 2016. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
  15. "Jamaica 1, Mexico 3 | CONCACAF Gold Cup Match Recap". mlssoccer.com. July 26, 2015.
  16. Taylor, Jeff (July 22, 2003). "Meal Ticket". Reason . Retrieved December 18, 2007.
  17. "Eagles Fans Endure New Tailgating Rules", CBS 3, September 17, 2007. Retrieved December 19, 2007.
  18. "Eagles Fans Find New Surprises Parking and Partying at The Linc". MyFox. Philadelphia. September 17, 2007. Archived from the original on January 10, 2009. Retrieved December 19, 2007.
  19. "Philadelphia Eagles | Training Camp". Archived from the original on June 16, 2013.
  20. "Temple University Facilities". Temple Official Athletic Site. Temple University. Archived from the original on May 7, 2009. Retrieved June 17, 2009.
  21. "Philadelphia gets Army-Navy game 5 of next 8 years". Yahoo! Sports. Associated Press. June 9, 2009. Retrieved June 17, 2009.
  22. Morkides, Chris (August 4, 2003). "Manchester United Beats FC Barcelona 3-1". Associated Press. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved November 3, 2008.
  23. "Houston Officially Added to Fan Celebration Tour with Oct. 23 Date". ussoccer.com. United States Soccer Federation. September 14, 2009. Archived from the original on April 25, 2012. Retrieved June 18, 2009.
  24. "Manchester United Returns to lincoln Financial Field". Archived from the original on September 30, 2011. Retrieved August 13, 2011.
  25. "Israel Official Games 1960–1969". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on April 26, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2009.
  26. "58 of 70 USA World Cup venue candidates express interest". Soccer By Ives. April 23, 2009. Retrieved April 24, 2009.
  27. "2018-2022 US World Cup Bid List". Yahoo! Sports. June 17, 2009. Retrieved April 24, 2009.
  28. "Linc still in running to host World Cup games". The Philadelphia Inquirer . August 20, 2009. Retrieved August 21, 2009.
  29. "Man United to play 3 preseason games in US". sports.yahoo.com/sow. February 10, 2010. Retrieved May 6, 2010.
  30. Iuelephiladelphiaunion, Nick (July 24, 2011). "After Shaky Start Union Prove Point Against Real Madrid". Philadelphiaunion.com. Retrieved September 15, 2019.
  31. "U.S. TO FACE TURKEY IN PHILADELPHIA ON MAY 29. The US national team is heavily favored. IN SEND-OFF MATCH FOR 2010 FIFA WORLD CUP". lincolnfinancialfield.com. March 15, 2010. Archived from the original on February 18, 2010. Retrieved March 20, 2010.
  32. Giase, Frank (August 11, 2011). "U.S. Soccer ties Mexico, 1-1, in Jurgen Klinsmann's first game as coach". nj.com.
  33. "WFC: Real Madrid top Celtic to finish US tour perfect | MLSSoccer.com". mlssoccer.
  34. Inter defeats Roma as Vidic nets first Inter goal Archived August 12, 2014, at archive.today ICC.com August 2, 2014 Retrieved August 4, 2014
  35. "Here's the full schedule for CONCACAF Gold Cup 2017 quarterfinals". July 17, 2017.
  36. "Juventus rides Andrea Favilli brace to beat Bayern Munich at Lincoln Financial Field". July 25, 2018.
  37. "Victory Tour 2019: USA vs. Portugal in Philadelphia - Match Report & Stats". www.ussoccer.com. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
  38. Tannenwald, Jonathan (July 31, 2024). "Liverpool tops Arsenal, 2-1, in front of the largest soccer crowd in Lincoln Financial Field history". The Philadelphia Inquirer . Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  39. "The FIFA World Cup 2026™ stadiums". FIFA. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
  40. Bushnell, Henry (February 4, 2024). "2026 World Cup schedule reveal: FIFA picks New York for final, Mexico for opener, West Coast for USMNT". Yahoo Sports. Retrieved February 4, 2024.
  41. "2005 NCAA men's lacrosse championships schedule". ESPN.com . May 30, 2005. Retrieved November 3, 2008.
  42. Zolecki, Todd (November 1, 2008). "For Players, a Parade of a Lifetime". The Philadelphia Inquirer . Retrieved November 3, 2008.
  43. "Free Parade Sports-Complex Tickets Gone". WTXF-TV. October 30, 2008. Archived from the original on January 10, 2009. Retrieved November 3, 2008.
  44. Lambert, Jeremy (July 27, 2022). "WWE Announces Dates And Location For WrestleMania 40". Fightful. Archived from the original on July 27, 2022. Retrieved July 27, 2022.
  45. "Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band The Rising Tour 2002-3 Itinerary". Columbia Records Thrill Hill Productions, Inc. Archived from the original on November 13, 2008. Retrieved November 3, 2008.
  46. "Kenny Chesney : Poets & Pirates Tour". July 15, 2008.
  47. "Taylor Swift Rocks Lincoln Financial Field". philadelphiaeagles.com. August 6, 2011. Archived from the original on August 9, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  48. DeLuca, Dan (July 22, 2013). "Taylor Swift RED Tour". Philly.com. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013.
  49. "Lightning Forces Thousands Out of Linc During Taylor Swift Concert". July 21, 2013. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
  50. Roth, Madeline (June 13, 2015). "A Bunch Of Famous 'Cool Kids' Joined Taylor Swift's 1989 Tour". MTV News. Archived from the original on June 15, 2015. Retrieved June 13, 2015.
  51. "Review: Taylor Swift captivates 50,000 at Lincoln Financial Field". June 13, 2015. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  52. Lipshutz, Jason (June 14, 2015). "Watch Taylor Swift Bring Out Rachel Platten for 'Fight Song' in Philadelphia". Billboard. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  53. DeLuca, Dan (June 6, 2016). "Review: Beyoncé's impassioned Formation tour dazzles at the Linc". Philadelphia Daily News. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
  54. "Avenged Sevenfold to make up for cancelled Philly show on Metallica tour with date in Camden". philly.com. May 15, 2017. Retrieved October 29, 2017.
  55. Bailey, Alyssa (July 16, 2018). "Taylor Swift Had the Craziest Weekend and It All Started With a Stage Malfunction Mid-Concert". Elle . Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  56. Kaufman, Gil (May 16, 2019). "Rolling Stones Announce Rescheduled North American Tour Dates". Billboard . Retrieved July 3, 2019.
  57. "Coldplay Performs Fly, Eagles, Fly At Lincoln Financial Field". NBC Sports Philadelphia. June 9, 2022. Archived from the original on June 15, 2022. Retrieved June 15, 2022.
  58. "Tour". The Weeknd's Official Website. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
  59. "The Weeknd Announces Lineup of Openers to Replace Doja Cat on Stadium Tour". Complex . Retrieved June 30, 2022.
  60. "Lincoln Financial Field Concert History". January 5, 2023. Archived from the original on January 5, 2023. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
  61. "Ed Sheeran won Philadelphia: Record attendance and cheesesteaks at Philips". June 5, 2023.
  62. "Year-End Top 300 Concert Grosses" (PDF). Pollstar. 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 26, 2024. Retrieved February 26, 2024.
  63. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1045658/locations?ref_=tt_dt_loc Retrieved October 20, 2022
  64. "5 NFL Football Stadiums Score Big on Efficiency". Energy.gov. Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy. September 11, 2017. Lincoln Financial Field...considered one of the "greenest" stadiums in the world
  65. "Philadelphia Named Most Vegetarian-Friendly City for Sports Fans". CBS. November 18, 2013.
Events and tenants
Preceded by Home of the
Philadelphia Eagles

2003 – present
Succeeded by
current
Preceded by Home of the
Temple Owls

2003 – present
Succeeded by
current
Preceded by Home of the
NCAA Lacrosse Final Four

2005–2006
Succeeded by
Preceded by Host of the NFC Championship Game
2004–2005
2018
2023
Succeeded by
Preceded by CONCACAF Gold Cup
Final Venue

2015
Succeeded by
Preceded by Host of WrestleMania
2024 (XL)
Succeeded by